Transcript The North & The Industrial Revolution

THE NORTH & THE
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
TCAPs IS SUPER PETTY. . .
EQs
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What is the Industrial Revolution? (8.2 spi 8)
How did urbanization, technology, and social
change affect the country? (8.2 spi 8)
This week
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Today: Industrial Revolution
Tuesday: South and slavery
Wednesday: Review
Thursday: Quiz
Friday: Spring Break!!!!!!!!!
F.O.A. (Bellwork)
Where is the Cumberland Gap located?
Cumberland Gap
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Cumberland Gap (el. 1,600 ft (490 m)) is a pass
through the Cumberland Mountains region of the
Appalachian Mountains, also known as the
Cumberland Water Gap, at the junction of the U.S.
states of Tennessee, Kentucky, and Virginia. Famous
in American history for its role as one key
passageway through the lower central
Appalachians, it was an important part of the
Wilderness Road and is now part of the
Cumberland Gap National Historical Park
LCAP
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We’ll examine Nos. 2, 9 and 16 today.
Question
What’s this?
The Industrial Revolution
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Rapid growth in using machines for manufacturing in
the mid-1700s
Begins in Britain with the textile industry
Slater’s Mill
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Samuel Slater – British mechanic who secretly fled
Britain and started a textile mill in Rhode Island.
Problem. . .
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Remember that in the 1790s the U.S. was about to
go to war with France
 XYZ
Affair
 U.S. didn’t help them fight against Britain
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American guns were all handmade individually;
fixing them was hard and time consuming
Good Ol’ Mr. Whitney
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Eli Whitney – Most famous for the cotton gin, but
also:
 Interchangeable
parts that were all the same size and
fit perfectly
 Mass production of items using machines and
interchangeable parts
“Mass production be shakin’
it.” – Eli Whitney
Impact of War of 1812
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British blockades forced
Americans to buy goods
made in American
factories; more and
more factories built
Many Americans began
to see how dependent
on Britain and other
countries they had been
The Rhode Island System
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Samuel Slater would hire entire families to work in
his factories. Why?
 Apprentices
left because the job was boring
 Families brought children who worked for little money
The Lowell System
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Instead of families, Francis Lowell hired young,
unmarried women to work in his factories
 Special
loom that could spin thread and weave cloth in
the same mill
 Also offered his workers education
The Rise of Unions
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Factories could produce goods much faster than
individual craftsmen; began to lose money
 Factory
workers began to get paid less as more people
fought for factory jobs
 Unions formed to try to improve pay and working
conditions
Transportation Revolution
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Rapid growth in speed and convenience of travel
because of new methods of transportation
Robert Fulton & the steamboat
Railroads & Locomotives
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1840 – 2,800 miles of track in the U.S.
1860 – 30,000 miles of track in the U.S.
 Linked
most major cities to each other
 Boosted America’s economy because more goods could
be shipped farther and easier
New Fuel
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Coal – Burned hotter than wood; more efficient
Found mostly in the northern U.S.; coal mining
becomes very profitable thanks to railroads
Used to make steel
Other Inventions
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Samuel Morse – Morse code & telegraphs
John Deere – Steel plow
Cyrus McCormick – Mechanical reaper
Isaac Singer – Sewing machine
Assignment
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We’ll make a cause and effect chart today.
Copy these names/terms down:
 1)
Richard Arkwright
 2) Samuel Slater
 3) Eli Whitney
 4) Francis Cabot Lowell
 5) Clermont
 6) Gibbons v. Ogden
 7) Samuel D. Morse (Morse Code)
 8) John Deere
 9) Cyrus McCormick
Assignment
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Use pages 384-405 to complete the assignment.
Cause and Effect