Transcript Politika in regulativa v Evropi in Sloveniji na področju

SERENATE
Marko Bonač
ARNES, Slovenia
[email protected]
Topics
 What is SERENATE about ?
 What are the strategic questions?
 What should be the message from CEENet
What is SERENATE about?
Who are the partners?
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Academia Europaea
Centre for Tele-informatics (CTI), Technical University of
Denmark
DANTE
European Science Foundation
TERENA (coordinating partner)
Considerable involvement from the NRENs,
industry and users is expected.
Workshops
 Initial workshop
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(17-18 Sept 2002 in Brussels)
Operators’ views on infrastructure status and evolution
(8 Nov 2002)
User needs and priorities
(17 - 19 Jan 2003 in Montpellier)
Possible NREN models for the future
(5 Feb 2002)
Final workshop
(June 2003)
Reports
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A report will be generated after each workshop
PLUS
Deployment and trends in transport and infrastructure market
(~Jan 2003)
Regulatory situation, especially for alternative approaches
(~Jan 2003)
Equipment trends (~Feb 2003)
Telecoms market and infrastr. deployment forecast (~April 2003)
Possible infrastructure scenarios (~April 2003)
Overall strategic plan – input to Final Workshop
(~May/June 2003)
Addresses
 http://www.serenate.org
 mail: [email protected]
What are (some of ) the strategic
questions ?
Key Questions - Geography
 How to provide equal opportunities for researchers
everywhere in Europe
 How to provide connectivity to the research and
education community in other parts of the world
Equal opportunity for researchers in Europe
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Where are the problems/less opportunities
 in EU accession states
 in poorer EU countries
 in remote and less favoured regions/less developed parts of any country
Should we aim at equal opportunities everywhere
(irrespective of costs)?
Are the main problems in local, national or international connectivity?
Are there enough computers?
Is there any lack of infrastructure (optical fibre)?
Are high tariffs of telecommunication infrastructure linked to slower
liberalisation of telecommunication markets in certain parts of
Europe?
Equal opportunity for researchers in Europe
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Do problems of computer/networking expertise exist ?
Do Universities see computer networking as an essential
infrastructure for high quality research and a necessary
condition for better education ?
Should less developed parts of Europe get more EC support ?
Should NRENs in richer countries directly or indirectly
subsidise poorer NRENs ?
What is the minimum for any NREN (now, in the future) ?
Could structural funds and European Investment Bank support
be useful ?
Better connectivity to R&E community
in other parts of the world
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Connectivity between Europe and US is relatively good. What about
connectivity to
 Australia, Japan, South Korea, Russia, India, China and other Asian
countries
 South American countries and Africa.
Has European research community any priorities for establishing better
connectivity ...
 to non-accession states in Central and Easter Europe and those bordering the
Mediterranean ?
 to those countries where a lot of research is going on (Russia, India ,
China...? ) ?
To what extend should Europe finance connectivity to other parts of the world?
Should Europe try to export the European model (one NREN per country, one
pan-continental network and uniform connectivity) to other parts of the world?
Key Questions - Economics
 What are the economic implications of different
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models for ownership of network facilities
(leasing vs. deployment of own facilities)
What will be the main sources of financing of
research networks in the future ?
How should user charges (if any) be structured ?
Do the licensing conditions constitute barriers to
exploiting new kinds of infrastructure model ?
Are there rules for rights-of-way that constitute
barriers ?
Key Questions - Research User Needs
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Can we balance support of research (that challenges network)
against ordinary internet connectivity
How could educational needs be weighted against research needs ?
Can we exploit very advanced network facilities in the different
countries in Europe and in different subject disciplines ?
Which current research is being limited by the present networks ?
Who is considering the use of network speeds much faster than
today ?
What effect will this have on the way we currently conduct
research ?
Do we expect completely new research disciplines to emerge ?
Key Questions - Specific End-Users
 New user communities for NRENs:
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schools, libraries, hospitals ?
What is the current situation ?
What are the networking requirements of these
communities ?
Are the services scalable ?
Opposition from commercial ISPs ?
How should this be funded ?
Key Questions - Technical Evolution
 What services do research networks expect to provide in
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particular in terms of middleware, embedded network
intelligence and resource allocation ?
How to address the multi-management domain issue ?
Control of the network moves from the core to the edges how will that affect the use and the development of the
NRENs ?
All Optical Networking: what are the issues, what needs to
be tested and what needs to be developed ?
Some of my answers
 EC should have the following priorities for
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supporting international R&E connectivity:
- European countries and neighboring countries
- Countries where a lot of research is going on
Rich countries benefit most from research results
therefore they should be interested in financing
international research connectivity
NREN has to have access to the fibre
Economic reasons are forcing NRENs in small
countries to enlarge their user communities
What should be the message from
CEENet ?
Networking is expensive
in small countries
NREN budget par capita 2002
It is dependant on size of the country and
not on its GNI per capita (as one would expect) !
NREN budget per capita in 2002 (Terena Compendium)
0,5 EUR/cap
1 EUR/cap
More than 1 EUR/cap
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France
Germany
Italy
Spain
Czech Rep.
Estonia
Litva
Latvia
Denmark
Belgium
United Kingdom
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Ireland
Portugal
Croatia
Slovenia
The Netherlands
Norway
Finland
Switzerland
Running an NREN in small country is
expensive
In a small country it is more expensive
(calculated per user) to provide the same level of service.
 Relatively more international capacity is needed
 Low capacity circuits are relatively more expensive
 Circuits of the same capacity are often more expensive
 The NREN needs the same effort to introduce a new
service
International capacity needed (2001)
NREN
total int.
in country capacity
 Germany
 France
 UK
 Slovenia
 Ireland
 Switzerland
 Luxembourg
1000
850
800
45
120
300
20
pop.
82
59
60
2
3.7
7
0.4
capacity/
mil.pop
12
14
13
23
32
43
50
Average traffic received from GEANT
July 2002
Average received traffic per capita in
Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Estonia, Greece,
Hungary, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Switzerland
was at least 6 times greater than in
France, United Kingdom, Germany, Spain
Price for international circuit is not a
linear function of capacity
1.200
price
per
Mbps
1.000
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.200
0.000
0
capacity
in Mbps
Circuits of the same capacity
are more expensive in small countries
 Telecommunication market is often not yet
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liberalised
Telecommunication regulator has the same task
In many cases there is only one operator
There is less demand for high capacity circuits
Even TERENA membership contribution
is greater burden for small countries
NREN from
country
Germany
UK
Hungary
Estonia
Slovenia
Ireland
Luxembourg
TERENA contribution
in EUR/1 mil pop
873
1.194
1.756
2.985
4.477
4.840
22.385
What can be done ?
 Enlarge user community
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(lower cost per user)
Foster a good relationship with Telecom
(pay less for the infrastructure)
Foster competition in telecommunication sector
(to pay less for the infrastructure)
Get more money from the government/from EC
Other considerations
 Most small countries are underdeveloped
 In most small countries there is not enough
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competition in telecommunication sector
Most small countries are far away from the center of
Europe
But
 The development in the last ten years has been faster
 It is easier to change things in a small country