INSPIRE

Directive of the European Parliament and the Council establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community

and Land-Marine SDI

IHO-Workshop on Marine SDI, La Habana, Cuba

Keith Murray Data Specifications Drafting Team & President, EuroSDR 2004-6 Chair Commission 3.2 FIG 2002-2006 Ordnance Survey, United Kingdom 1

Bringing data and services together through a Spatial Data Infrastructure

Like a road infrastructure makes it possible to connect different places, a spatial data infrastructure makes it possible to connect data and services located at different sources Data and services easily discoverable and accessible to users Easier development of new applications and services

Components

Institutional framework Technical standards Fundamental data sets Information Services 2

Why INSPIRE?

Increasing number of environmental policies that have a strong spatial dimension

•

Marine thematic strategy

• Thematic strategy on natural resources and on recycling • New soil monitoring system • • Revision of SEVESO Directives on hazardous substances

Proposal for Directive on control of pipelines

•

Integrated Coastal Zone Management

• The revised forest monitoring regulation • • • Noise Directive

Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) European Action programme on flood risk management 3

Example: Proposed Directive on the Assessment and Management of Floods (2006)

• In the period 1998-2002 floods comprised 43% of all disaster events in Europe – 100 major floods – 700 dead – Half a million displaced people – €25 billion uninsured economic loss • Along the Rhine, 10 m people live in areas liable to extreme flooding, potential damage estimated at €165 bn. • 101,000 kms of coastline, population doubled in last 50 years. Assets within 500 m of coast = €500-1000 bn

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Agreement that a common strategy is needed 70% of all fresh water bodies in Europe are part of a trans-boundary river basin !!

Risk assessment is compounded by problems related to quality of land use data, protected areas, etc.

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Past approaches have limitations

•

CORINE

“Coordination of Information on the Environment” 85/338/EEC: Council Decision 27/6/1985 – Experimental

project

for gathering, coordinating and ensuring the consistency of information on the state of the environment and natural resources in the Community • Problems: – Variable data access policy – Lack of consistency with other data – Irregular updating – No long term perspective – Lack of quality/reliability – Lack of synchronization with other MS data

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NATURA 2000

• Directive 92/43/EEC and 97/62/EEC on the conservation of natural

habitats

and of wild fauna and flora – SCI (Sites of community importance) – SAC (Special Areas of Conservation) • Directive 78/409/EEC on the conservation of wild

birds

– SPA (Special Protection Areas) Natura 2000 22.500 areas, 12-15% of the EU15

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What are the problems?

Different quality and different types of attribute information • Data compiled by Member States: – Paper map / site – Descriptive database – Digital Spatial data • Data are validated and integrated by DG ENV • Data sources: – In general 1/100.000, on topographic maps – Exceptionally 1/250.000 (very large sites) – Often 1/25.000 – 1/1.500 (cadastre)

Species

•Falco Subbuteo •Rhinolophus Hipposideros •Lycaena Dispar •Bombina Variegata

Activities

•Agricultural structures •Landfill, land reclamation and drying out •Professional fishing •Modification of cultivation practices •Continuous urbanisation

Area = 67 ha 8

But good local data already exist and are accessible !

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In Summary:

• • • •

Environmental Needs Better information

policies [6EAP] needed to support Improvement of existing

information flows Diversity across regions

considered to be Revision of approach to reporting and monitoring, moving to concept of

sharing of information

• • • •

Situation in Europe Data policy restrictions Lack of co-ordination

across borders and between levels of government

Lack of standards

incompatible information and information systems

Existing data not re-usable

fragmentation of information, redundancy, inability to integrate • • •

Environmental data

90% of is linked to geography Out of 58 data components needed for environmental policy : – 32 are multi-sectoral – 16 are environmental only – 10 are related to other sectors These 32 components allow to: – link different ENV themes together: policy coherence – link with other sectors: integration

source EEA

EC Proposal for a Directive establishing an infrastructure for spatial information in the Community – INSPIRE 12

INSPIRE Directive General Provisions

• INSPIRE lays down general rules to establish an infrastructure for spatial information in Europe for the purposes of Community environmental policies and policies or activities which may have an impact on the environment.

– This infrastructure shall build upon infrastructures for spatial information established and operated by the Member States.

• INSPIRE does not require collection of new spatial data – electronic format • INSPIRE does not affect Intellectual Property Rights

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INSPIRE COMPONENTS

• METADATA • INTEROPERABILITY OF SPATIAL DATA SETS AND SERVICES • NETWORK SERVICES • DATA SHARING (policy) • COORDINATION AND COMPLEMENTARY MEASURES – Monitoring & Reporting

INSPIRE is a Framework Directive Detailed technical provisions for the issues above will be laid down in Implementing Rules (IR)

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What Kind of Spatial Data ?

• Whose ? - Spatial data held by or on behalf of a public authority operating down to the lowest level of government when laws or regulations require their collection or dissemination • Which data ? - INSPIRE covers 34 Spatial Data Themes laid down in 3 Annexes – (

required to successfully build environmental information systems

)

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INSPIRE Spatial Data Scope

Annex I

1. Coordinate reference systems 2. Geographical grid systems 3. Geographical names 4. Administrative units 5. Addresses 6. Cadastral parcels 7. Transport networks 8. Hydrography 9. Protected sites

Annex II

1.

2.

3.

4.

Elevation Land cover Ortho-imagery Geology

Harmonised spatial data specifications more stringent for Annex I and II than for Annex III

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INSPIRE Thematic Scope

Annex III

1. Statistical units 2. Buildings 3. Soil 4. Land use 5. Human health and safety 6. Utility and governmental services 7. Environmental monitoring facilities 8. Production and industrial facilities 9. Agricultural and aquaculture facilities 10.Population distribution – demography 11. Area management/restriction /regulation zones & reporting units 12. Natural risk zones 13. Atmospheric conditions 14. Meteorological geographical features 15. Oceanographic geographical features 16. Sea regions 17. Bio-geographical regions 18. Habitats and biotopes 19. Species distribution 20. Energy Resources 21. Mineral resources

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INSPIRE Data Sharing Policy

• Member States shall adopt measures for the sharing of data and services between public authorities for public tasks relating to the environment without restrictions occurring at the point of use.

• Public authorities may charge, license each other and Community institutions provided this does not create an obstacle to sharing.

• When spatial data or services are provided to Community institutions for reporting obligations under Community law relating to the environment then this will not be subject to charging.

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From Commission proposal to Community Directive implementation

• •

Preparatory phase (2004-2006)

–

Co-decision procedure

– Preparation of Implementing Rules

Transposition phase (2007-2008)

– Directive enters into force – Transposition into national legislation – INSPIRE Committee starts its activities – Adoption of Implementation Rules by Comitology •

Implementation phase (2009-2013)

– implementation and monitoring of measures

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Metadata

Member States shall create metadata and keep them

– Quality and validity

up to date

• Metadata shall include: – Conformity with IR on interoperability – Conditions for access and use – The public authorities responsible – Limitations on public access • Once Implementing Rules adopted: – Created within 2 years for Annex I, II – Created within 5 years for Annex III

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Interoperability of spatial data sets and services (1)

Implementing Rules shall be adopted for interoperability and where practical for harmonisation of spatial data sets and services

• Based on relevant user requirements • Integrate existing international standards, if appropriate • Feasible, proportionate, cost-benefit into account (Member States shall provide information on request) • Member States shall once IR adopted: – Make services and new data conform within 2 years – Make other spatial data still in use conform (can be done through transformation service) within 7 years • Stakeholders shall be given opportunity to participate in development of this Implementing Rule

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Interoperability of spatial data sets and services (2)

• Harmonised data specifications – Annex I, II, III: • definition and classification of spatial objects • geo-referencing – Annex I, II: • common framework of unique identifiers for spatial objects; • relationship between spatial objects; • key attributes and corresponding multilingual thesauri; • Information on the temporal dimension of the data; • how to exchange updates of the data.

• 3rd parties shall have access to these specifications at conditions not restricting their use • Cross-border issues shall be agreed on

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Process to define the themes

D2.6 Methodology for Data Specification Data theme specifications

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D2.5 Generic Conceptual Model

Network Services

Member States shall operate a network of the following services available to the public for data sets and services for which metadata has been created:

• Discovery services; • View services; No charge No charge (exceptions) • Download services; • Transformation services, • Services allowing spatial data services to be invoked

- Access to services may be restricted - Services shall be available on request to 3rd parties under conditions - Implementing Rules will be adopted (cost-benefit considerations) - INSPIRE GEO portal shall be established – Member States geo-portals

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Implementing INSPIRE

• Needs to consider the broader context of existing initiatives which could contribute • Interfaces with initiatives GMES, GEO/GEOSS, GALILEO, global developments of spatial data infrastructures • Bottom-up implementation by Spatial Data Interest Communities, SDIC • SDIC bundle the human expertise of users , producers and transformers of spatial information, technical competence, financial resources and policies. Many SDIC exist today, generally organised by region , thematic issue or sector (industry).

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INSPIRE process 2005-2009

Commission Services co-ordinate INSPIRE Expert Group

advises

INSPIRE Committee

votes

EC

adopts

Experts are

proposed

Drafting Teams Projects

contribute

Proto types

test

Pilots

validate

LMOs

review

Spatial Data Interest Communities

participate

CEN, ISO, OGC

contribute

Association phase Drafting phase Review phase Public

reviews

MS

apply 30

The role of SDIC Spatial Data Interest Communities

• To collect and describe user requirements, • To submit/develop reference materials • To allocate experts to the drafting teams, • To participate in the review process, • To implement pilot projects – to test/revise/develop the draft Implementing Rules, • To contribute to cost/benefit analysis – to assess costs of the draft Implementing Rules, • To contribute to awareness raising and training

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The role of Legally Mandated Organisations (LMO)

• To collaborate within the SDICs, or autonomously in providing technical specifications • To help identify user needs • To contribute to the analysis of the technical and operational feasibility of implementation of proposed draft Implementing Rules • To provide feedback on the cost/benefit consequences of Implementing Rules at Member State level.

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Spatial Data Interest Communities (SDICs) Legally Mandate Organisations (LMOs) Proposed Experts Referenced Materials Identified Projects 22-06-2005 139 89 193 96 94 Results of the call for Experts Opened on 1 March 2005 Experts registered per country

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The role of Drafting Teams (DT)

• To analyse and review the reference material • To write draft INSPIRE Implementing Rules • To provide recommendations to the Consolidation Team, CT (EC) - in case of conflicting technical specifications • To provide suggestions to the CT for testing any proposed specification

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The role of projects, pilots and prototypes

• To develop representative use-case scenarios • To develop/test specifications for IR development • To demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of interoperability-based solutions • To acquire experience in implementing interoperability-based solutions • To determine cost and benefit of interoperability based solutions on the basis of real cases

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Conclusions

• INSPIRE is a framework Directive with top-down Implementing Rules developed But… • Bottom-up development of Implementing Rules through stakeholder participation the “Spatial Data Interest Communities” • Open and transparent drafting and review of Implementing Rules • Pilots and Projects play a key role to define and validate the Implementing Rules • INSPIRE is a pillar of GMES • INSPIRE is a major EU contribution to GEO/GEOSS

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The Land - Marine SDI

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The real world

Planning constraints Exclusion zones etc Gas pipes Outfalls

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The mapping “solution”

NMAs and HOs generally use: • Different coordinate systems • Different projections • Different datums (Hz & V) • Different content

RESULT

: Users cannot reference any object consistently across the coastal zone

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A formal SDI solution

Common height datum Common framework to support: • Interoperable coordinate systems & datums • Interoperable objects along agreed boundary • Interoperable Feature Catalogues

RESULT

: Marine SDI and Land SDI link up seamlessly

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What progress is being made?

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What is required?

• Organisational collaboration • Clear use case & applications to guide • An over-arching framework supporting: – Data policies – Data access – Data specifications (datums, feature catalogues, gazetteers …..) – Standards implementation e.g. ISO – Interoperability

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Moving forward…..

• Who can make this happen?: – National • Hydrographic organisations • National mapping & cadastral organisations – International Organisation: • International Hydrographic Organization – Professional organisations – Research Organisations

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The role of IHO

• Identifying and promoting best practice – Save wasted effort • Leadership – Influence members – Support members – Services eg registers • Mainstream Standards • Collaborative approach • Communication

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Thank you for your attention

http://www.ec-gis.org/inspire/ 47