Transcript Renewable Energy for Kosrae Presentation to the Board of KUA

PV grid penetration in public grid
Kosrae Utility Authority
APAC – ADB meeting Manilla
Fred Skilling - CEO
June 2011
Kosrae – Key Energy Statistics
KUA key statistics (2009 / 2010)
Country Population
8,300
Total Utility Customers
1,903
Total Utility Staff
23
Electricity Access %
95
System Peak Demand MW
Total Line Loss %
1.120 (currently increase)
15.19
Annual Generation MWh
6,188,752
Annual Sales MWh
5,248,361
Annual Fuel Consumption (million litres)
Current Fuel Price US$ per litre
436,800 Gals or 1,653,463 Liters
$ 4.6356 / Gal. or 1.219 / L
Av Residential Elec Tariff
>100kWh in US$
Av Revenue per kWh sold US$
0.38
0.43
Operating Cost to Customer US$
1,526
Staff to Customer Ratio
Fuel Efficiency kWh per liter
Generation Plant Availability %
System Load Factor
0.012 (1 to 83 customers)
14.26 kWh/Gal (generation)
12.07(to customer)
94
88.06
1% Current
Gridconnected
PV
situation in Kosrae
99%
Diesel
Total grid-connected PV in relation to total generated
electricity
Energy Action Plans of Kosrae State
AIM :
 become less dependent on imported fossil fuels
 Provide affordable and stable electricity to all Kosrae
households and business
BY:
 Introducing more RE sources
 Improving the grid-efficiency
Energy Action Plans – RE section
Total Capacity that KUA want to install is 400 kWh / 2009 action plans mentioned a
gradually approach but can be speed-up after evaluating existing installations.
under EDF-9 -> 56 kWp installed and results very satisfying.
Phase 1: PV grid connected plant at KUA, ground mounted 200 kWp.
Phase 2: 100 kWp at government buildings and upgrade of KUA’s plant with another 100 kWp
Ongoing
1.5 MW Wave energy power plant
IPP structure under a PPA with KUA
Estimated purchase kWh rate: 0.10 - 0.15 USD / kWh
Generation cost: 0.02 USD / kWh
Operation of wave power plant: end 2011
Kosrae’s Approach
 2 high priority projects on action plan:
 1st Grid – connected solar
 2nd wave energy
 KUA has started preparing both projects
 in the meanwhile looking for other solutions for other
technologies
 KUA has started planning for IPPs (Solar-Wind Hybrid
etc)
 Work parallel on all these projects
Funding for the
additional 400 kWp PV
 Rough price estimate: US$ 2,400,000 ($6,000/kWp)
 Project implementation in two phases:
150 kWp with EU EDF-10 funding (= $900,000)
2. 250 kWp with either use of the Japan PEC fund or a
combination of a grant and a loan as matching grant.
 KUA is also stimulating private investors to start an IPP
(Independent Power Producer) under a PPA (Power
Purchase Agreement) arrangement
 Interest in this is showed by two PV companies
1.
Kosrae’s picture for 2012
11 %
PV
46%
Wave
43 %
Diesel
Kosrae’s energy mix
Why KUA’s interest in Renewable Energy ?
 Before 2008 => 100% dependent on diesel
 In 2008 => installed 52.5 kWp PV grid connected solar
on 5 different locations: 1 car park shading and 4
rooftop installations
 Results for utility very satisfactory
 Wave Energy: generating cost very low => IPP
Becoming less dependent on expensive imported
fossil fuels!
Provide electricity to KUA’s customers' for an
affordable rate
Why Grid connected PV?
 The sun is the best-measured renewable energy resource in the




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pacific countries
Crystalline PV modules have a proven track record in the pacific
Amorphous panels are being introduced as test in Kosrae in 2008
(1 kWp)
Suited for Pacific context of limited land availability: no additional
land required if the PV arrays are on roofs
Scalable technology
Low maintenance, as there are no batteries
PV prices are coming down! In 2008…
REP-5 Tender Prices and Indicative World Prices (per Wp installed capacity)
14
Kosrae:
8.17 €/Wp
12
Price (€/Wp)
10
8
6
4
2
0
World prices
Niue:
6.76 €/Wp
Grid connected PV in Kosrae
 The previous table showed prices in Euro
 Today the price of grid connected PV solar
(installed) is between USD 4.50 / Wp and USD
6.75 / Wp  installed in the Pacific.
 This means that from 8 euro (= USD 11.25) the
price went down to USD 5.50 or more than
40% !
Current trend…
 Currently, projects in the Pacific can expect:
 PV modules: 3.00 – 4.00 US$/Wp
 Inverters: 0.50 US$/W
 Installed systems: 5.50 US$/Wp
And these prices are going down…
PV Grid connected systems in Kosrae
Country/state
System sizes
Total capacity
Installation date
Kosrae
6 systems
1 – 16.4 kWp
53.5 kWp
September 2008
System Overview
 Crystalline modules chosen for their proven track
record
 One small system with Amorphous modules
(1kW)
 Extended warranties purchased on all inverters
 Total of 6 systems: 5 are roof-mounted and 1 is
on car park shading
 Data loggers installed on all systems
Price per kWh
(current rate in Kosrae: 39 US¢/kWh
System
Cost of generation
(incl. initial capital
cost)
Current Systems:
Using Current price of PV
45 US¢/kWh
Cost of generation
(excl. initial capital cost)
3.4 US¢/kWh
18 US¢/kWh
Yes indeed… installing Grid Connected PV is a
financially attractive alternative!
Current Systems
 52.5 kWp installed on roofs of airport, legislature, hospital,
governor’s office, and KUA car park
 1 kWp installed on the recycling plant
 Installed in September 2008
 Average production 5,800 kWh/mo.
 Specific yield: 1,340 kWh/kWp/yr
Energy Assessment
Issues Raised
1- Supply and Installation of 5 PV Grid-Connected Systems:
 Faulty Inverter at the Airport installation
2- Maintenance of the PV Systems:
 Issue of the Solar PV Tariff system.
3- Monitoring of PV Systems:
 Monitoring of the 5 PV grid-connected systems.
4- Project Impacts:
 Beneficiaries and Public awareness and perception of the PV
systems.
Existing PV System’s Present Status as Monitored
 Faulty Inverter at airport installation was replaced in November
2010 - No problems since
 Solar panels are guaranteed for 20 years, Inverters and other
electronic equipments are guaranteed for 5 years
 On line monitoring of the PV grid-connected systems not yet in
operation but high on the wish list
 All systems are performing well and as utility we are keen to
increase the PV penetration to 500 kWp
 Awareness and information to end-users important
Next slide will give you an overview of the performance of the PV
systems
Airport
Airport System
kWh
(Grid)
kWh
(PV)
Total
kWh
Total
$
Total
w/o PV
Savings
kWh
Rate
06-07
100,500
100,500
$ 19,027
0.19
07-08
42,240
42,240
$ 16,058
0.38
08-09
45,300
10,080
55,380
$ 18,468 $ 22,577
$ 4,109
0.41
09-10
44,520
5,920
50,440
$ 18,911 $ 21,426
$ 2,515
0.42
Airport - Cont.
Year
08/09
09/10
kWh (Sol)
18%
kWh (Grid)
12%
10,080
5,920
42,240
45,300
44,520
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
100,500
2006-2007
Savings for
consumer
$ 4,109
$ 2,515
KUA’s car-park system
KUA car park system
kWh
(Grid)
kWh
(PV)
Total
kWh
Total
$$
Total
w/o PV
Savings
Rate
06-07
27,062
27,062
$ 5,112
0.19
07-08
22,210
22,210
$ 4,161
0.19
08-09
21,910
6,993
28,903
$ 8,621 $ 11,372 $ 2,751
0.39
09-10
25,422
4,107
29,529
$10,384 $ 12,061 $ 1,677
0.41
KUA – Cont.
Year
Savings for consumer
08/09
09/10
$ 2,751
$ 1,677
kWh (Sol)
kWh (Grid)
24%
6,993
27,062
2006-2007
22,210
21,910
2007-2008
2008-2009
14%
4,107
25,422
2009-2010
Governor’s office
Governor’s office
kWh
(Grid)
06-07
kWh
(PV)
106,960
Total
kWh
Total
$$
Total w/o
PV
Savings
106,960
$ 20,772
0.19
Rate
07-08
93,760
93,760
$ 18,169
0.19
08-09
76,400 22,680
99,080
$ 32,282 $ 41,864 $ 9,583
0.42
09-10
95,280 13,320
108,600
$ 37,727 $ 43,001 $ 5,274
0.40
Governor's office – Cont.
kWh (Sol)
year
08/09
09/10
Savings for consumer
$ 9,583
$ 5,274
kWh (Grid)
12%
23%
13,320
22,680
106,960
95,280
93,760
76,400
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
Hospital
Hospital System
kWh
(Grid)
kWh
(PV)
Total kWh
Total
$$
Total
w/o PV
Savings
Rate
06-07
71,843
71,843 $ 13,889
0.19
07-08
85,159
85,159 $ 16,499
0.19
08-09
61,192
32,760
93,952 $ 24,280 $ 37,280 $ 13,000
0.40
09-10
84,549
19,240
103,789 $ 33,042 $ 40,561
0.39
$ 7,519
Year
08/09
09/10
Hospital – cont.
kWh (Sol)
Savings for the Customer
$ 13,000
$ 7,519
kWh (Grid)
19%
19,240
32,760
71,843
2006-2007
85,159
84,549
61,192
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
Legislature office
Legislator office system
kWh
(Grid)
kWh
(PV)
Total
kWh
Total
$$
Total
w/o PV
Savings
Rate
06-07
23,974
23,974
$ 4,507
0.19
07-08
19,947
19,947
$ 3,718
0.19
08-09
9,809
23,310
33,119
$ 3,689 $ 12,455
$ 8,766
0.38
09-10
17,944
13,690
31,634
$ 6,908 $ 12,177
$ 5,269
0.38
Legislature – Cont.
kWh (Sol)
kWh (Grid)
Year
Savings for the Customer
08/09
$ 8,766
09/10
$ 5,269
70%
43%
13,690
23,310
23,974
19,947
17,944
9,809
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
Generation till end 2010
TOTAL
kWh (Sol)
kWh (Grid)
36,000
52,000
171,680
37,000
27,753
Legislature
16,000
145,741
11,100
89,820
47,332
KUA
State Capital
Public Health
Airport
Total (2009 – 2010) for the 5 buildings
Total (2009 - 2010)
482,326
152,100
kWh (Grid)
kWh (Sol)
2011 – 1st and 2nd quarter
Area
kWh
(Grid)
kWh
(PV)
Total
kWh
Total
$$
Total
w/o PV Savings
Legislature
Hospital
Airport
KUA
Governor
Total
8,714
44,949
24,900
10,054
44,720
133,337
5,784
10,108
5,109
3,326
8,056
32,383
14,198
55,057
30,009
13,380
52,776
165,420
3,757
19,653
10,825
4,360
19,582
58,176
6,208
24,087
13,069
5,794
23,109
72,268
All
kWh (Grid)
133,337
kWh (Sol)
32,383
Total
(1st & 2nd Qtr)
80%
20%
Total kWh
165,420
2,451
4,434
2,245
1,434
3,527
14,092
Total (1st & 2nd Qtr, 2011)
160,000
140,000
80%
120,000
kWh
100,000
80,000
60,000
133,337
20%
40,000
20,000
0
Total (1st & 2nd Qtr)
All Areas
32,383
kWh (Grid)
80%
133,337
kWh (Sol)
20%
32,383
KUA’s and Kosrae’s future
 Between 2012-2014 → 57% renewable
 In 2015 ….
11 %
PV
46%
Wave
43 %
Diesel
Kosrae’s energy mix
Kosrae’s picture for 2015
 PV – 20 %
 Wind – 5%
 Wave – 50 %
 Diesel – 25%
 In other words: 75% renewable
Concluding note:
 PV grid connected solar systems is a viable option for Kosrae
 1st phase additional 400-500 kWp
 2nd phase 500-750 kWp
 1.5 MW Wave Power plant in progress
 Kosrae and KUA are actively looking for energy efficiency
measurements – DSM and SSM
 KUA interested in SMART-grid
 Together we are working on becoming less dependent on the
pollutive and expensive fossil fuel
Kulo Maluhlap
Thank You