Nanophotonics

Prof. Albert Polman Center for Nanophotonics FOM-Institute AMOLF, Amsterdam Debye Institute, Utrecht University

Nanophotonics: defined by its applications • communications technology • lasers • solid-state lighting • data storage • lithography • (bio-)sensors • optical computers • solar cells • displays • medical imaging • light-activated medical therapies

Large interest from industry in fundamental research on nanophotonics

Nanophotonics is a unique part of physics/chemistry/materials science because it combines a wealth of scientific challenges with a large variety of near-term applications .

Optical fiber cladding shielding core

Silica fiber transparent at 1.55  m 10 12 Hz 1.3  m 1.55  m

Optical fiber: long distance communication

km

Length scales in photonics

1 mm 10  m 5  m 1  m = 

Merging optics and electronics requires nanoscale optics

40 nm Plasmonics 10 GHz Electronics 1  m Photonics

size

high index Si Planar optical waveguide low index 1 mm

SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 /Si Photonic integrated circuits on silicon 1 mm Al 2 O 3 technology by M.K. Smit et al., TUD

Optical clock distribution on a Si microprocessor Photonics on silicon Intel Website

Computer interconnects hierarchy Mihail M. Sigalas, Agilent Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA http://www.ima.umn.edu/industrial/2002-2003/sigalas/sigalas.pdf

Nanophotonics examples: Surface plasmons guide light to the nanoscale

E

z x

k

Nanophotonics examples: light trapping in solar cells by metal nanoparticles

Nanophotonics examples: DNA assisted assembly of metal nanoparticles n=1.5

600nm

Nanophotonics examples: large-area fabrication of photonic nanostructures Marc Verschuuren, Philips Research

Nanophotonics examples: Exciting surface plasmons with an electron beam

Nanophotonics examples: Light concentration in core-shell particles

Nanophotonics examples: Energy transfer in quantum dot / Er system

Nanophotonics examples: Anomalous transmission in metal hole arrays Kobus Kuipers

Nanophotonics examples: Light emission from quantum dots

Nanophotonics examples: Multiple exciton generation in quantum dots Mischa Bonn

Nanophotonics examples: Light emission from semiconductor nanowires

4



m

Jaime Gomez Rivas

Nanophotonics examples: Controlled spontaneous emission in photonic crystals

What will you learn in this class?!

1) Theory of nanophotonics 2) Applications of nanophotonics 3) Nanophotonics fabrication techniques 4) New developments in science and technology 5) Presentation skills

Fabrication technology: • Thin film deposition • Clean room fabrication technology • Lithography • Focused ion beam milling • Colloidal self-assembly • Bio-templating Characterization technology: • Photoluminescence spectroscopy • Optical absorption/extinction spectroscopy • Near-field microscopy • Cathodoluminescence imaging spectroscopy • Pump-probe spectroscopy Practical training at FOM-Institute AMOLF

Weekly schedule • Nanophotonics fundamentals • Fabrication technology • Characterization principles / techniques • Application examples • News of the week • Paper/homework presentations • Excursions/labtours Albert Polman E-mail: [email protected]

Website: www.erbium.nl/nanophotonics

Class schedule ALL DAY ALL DAY ALL MORNING

Course grading No final examination Grades are determined by: Homework: Nature Milestones 60 % Paper presentation 1: 10% Paper presentation 2: 15% Participation in class: 5% 10 % Homework must be handed next week Friday. No exceptions!

Homework grade: average of (all homework – worst made) Use help by teaching assistants!

Course time Friday, 11.00-13.00 hr.

Absence: must be notified by e-mail