Transcript Slide 1
Green IT Challenges and Opportunities Lisa Hopkinson University of Bradford, UK Climate Dialogue Hong Kong, 3 November 2010 About Us HEEPI – Higher Education Environmental Performance Initiative Centrally funded to support UK universities www.goodcampus.org SusteIT – Sustainable ICT in Tertiary Education JISC-funded project – strategic review of ICT in FHE, identifying and disseminating good practice www.susteit.org.uk JISC – Joint Information Systems Committee Central HE/FE body to support the innovative use of ICT to support education and research www.jisc.ac.uk Why Green IT? Economics - Rising energy prices Compliance - Growing regulations Corporate Social Responsibility - reputation Operations - e.g. Lack of space IT Environmental Impacts •Energy •2% global CO2 emissions •Resources •Waste IT Lifecycle Impacts •Extraction •Manufacturing •Assembly •Distribution •Use •Disposal IT Lifecycle Impacts Key Environmental Impacts of the Chinese EEE-Industry 2007 Lifecycle study by EMPA Manufacturing phase of desktop PC biggest impacts are production of integrated circuits (IC) - the energy of the process itself, - the wafer production and - the refining of precious metals (e.g. 1g gold produces ~ 1t waste) IT Toxic Components IT Waste Impacts Desktop + LCD ~30 components each ~20kg materials ~66 kg waste over lifecycle IT Energy Impacts Hidden Energy Impacts Avatars consume as much electricity as Brazilians? http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2006/12/avatars_consume.php Uni of Sheffield - IT Energy ICT Electricity More than £1M/year About 20% electricity use PCs dominate Servers: over 30% (including HPC & departmental) 1% HPC 2% 10% 14% Servers 8% PCs 17% Networks Telephony Imaging 48% Analysis by Chris Cartledge, 2008 AV Lifecycle energy of PCs 16000 14000 Total Energy (MJ) 12000 10000 Production 8000 Distribution 6000 Use End of life 4000 2000 0 Desktop Laptop CRT LCD -2000 Source IVF, 2007. Preparatory studies for Eco-Design Requirements of Energy using Products Energy Costs of PCs HK electricity price HK$0.89/kWh Rough rule of thumb HK$8/Watt/year Typical PC is 115W (Gartner) = HK$920/y Some Servers are 450 watts+ = HK$3600/y Action on PCs Basic power management (incl. turn off screensavers) Energy efficient PCs – Energy Star Dematerialise – laptops/thin clients Reuse of equipment Power Management Most PCs idle for most of the time – similar energy to active mode Many PCs left on overnight – standby power adds up Case – power down PCs University Liverpool >3,000 PCs Most idle for much of day Simple powerdown software Shuts down PC if idle, if noone logged in Saved ~HK$800,000/y http://www.liv.ac.uk/csd/greenit/powerdown/index.htm Lisa Nelson who developed the software Energy Star Ecolabel Voluntary labelling scheme for office products Database of most efficient models Updated spec for PCs and monitors in 2009 Only deals with energy IN USE www.eu-energystar.org http://www.emsd.gov.hk/emsd/e_download/pee/veels_computer.pdf EU Code of Conduct on Data Centres A European Action to Improve Energy Efficiency http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energyefficiency/html/standby_initiative_data%20cente rs.htm Best Practice Guidelines to enable change About 120 good practices: covers all issues Including on setting up a project to bring about change An excellent, readable, How To Do It guide EU Code of Conduct – recommendations Buy energy efficient IT devices Use virtualised servers and storage Switch off hardware for unused services Virtualise little used services Separate cold air from heated return air Use free or economised cooling Increase temperature set points Data Centre PUE Power Utilisation Effectiveness (PUE) - ratio of total energy (ie servers + support) to server energy 1990s centres 2.0 + Cardiff University HPC cluster 1.3 University of St Andrews new facility 1.2 Cap Gemini, Swindon 1.08 Carbon PUEs below 1 Net Zero Carbon Data Centres High efficiency equipment Process efficient software Innovative cooling Heat recovery On-site renewables More power storage Integrated planning Case – Low Energy Servers •University of Sheffield Research group MESAS •2 computer clusters •Purchased low energy servers •Saved HK$7,000/y in energy, 2 year payback, reduced cooling. Image © Multiscale Engineering and Science Simulation At Sheffield (MESAS) Case – Holistic Data Centre Design •University of Cardiff new data centre •256 80W quad core servers in 6 racks •High efficiency UPS, low power servers •Hot aisle/cold aisle •Chilled water cooling (free cooling) •PUE 1.3 Photos courtesy Hugh Beedie Greening Government ICT UK government strategy July 2008 Aims for government ICT systems: - Energy consumption carbon neutral by 2012 - Carbon neutral across lifetime by 2020 1 year on: - each dept has green IT action plan -savings of 12,000 t C and > £6.8 million http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/media/141533/greening_gov_ict080724.pdf Green IT Enabling SMART 2020 “ICT’s largest influence will be by enabling energy efficiencies in other sectors, an opportunity that could deliver carbon savings five times larger than the total emissions from the entire ICT sector in 2020” ICT can cut global CO2 emissions by 15% by 2020 •Smart Motors •Smart Logistics •Smart Buildings •Smart Grid Thank you! [email protected] www.goodcampus.org and www.susteit.org.uk Thanks also to the organisers: The Professional Commons, Internet Society Hong Kong, IT Voice and Civic Exchange, Democratic Party, Office of Sin Chung Kai and Community Development Initiative 單仲偕辦 事處 “Office of Sin Chung Kai”