Transcript Law Of Attraction Ex Girlfriend Back

PSYC 2314
Lifespan Development
Chapter 19
Early Adulthood:
Psychosocial Development
Tasks of Adulthood
• Maslow’s
– Love and belonging
– Success and esteem
• Erikson’s
– Intimacy vs. isolation
– Generativity vs. stagnation
Tasks of Adulthood
• Social Clock: a culturally set timetable that
establishes when various events and
behaviors in life are appropriate and called
for.
– Age-stratified: society in developed regions
– Less age-stratified: society in less developed
regions
– SES: primary influence
Intimacy
• Two primary sources
– Close friendships
– Sexual partnership
Friendship
• More important than family members as a
buffer against stress
• Guides to self-awareness
• Sources of positive feelings
Friendship
• Young adulthood is the prime time to
solidify friendships and make new ones:
– Most try to postpone the overriding
commitments of marriage and having children.
– Because today’s elderly are healthier, few
young adults must provide care for aging
parents.
Gateways of Attraction
• Four factors for friendship as romance:
– Physical attractiveness
– Apparent availability
– Absence of unwanted traits and other
“exclusion criteria”
– Frequent exposure
Gender Differences
• Friendships between men are often based on
shared activities and interests, and
discussions center on external matters.
• Friendships between women tend to be
more intimate and emotional, based on
shared confidences and practical assistance
in times of crisis.
Gender Differences
• Women are much more likely than men to
reveal their weaknesses to friends. It may
be primarily a way coping with problems.
• Men tend to be more competitive. Hence,
friendship for men may be largely a way of
maintaining a favorable self-concept.
Gender Differences
• Reasons why men’s friendships may be less
intimate than women’s:
– Mutual vulnerability is a characteristic that is
discouraged in men.
– The tendency of boys to be more active and girls more
verbal may lay the groundwork for interaction patterns
in adulthood.
– Many men avoid any expression of affection toward
other men for fear of its association with
homosexuality.
Cross-Sex Friendships
• Expand each partner’s perspective on many
issues
• Problematic
• Men often try to sexualize a platonic
friendship
Dimensions of Love
• 3 components:
– Passion
– Intimacy
– Commitment
Dimensions of Love
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Liking—intimacy
Infatuation—passion
Empty love—commitment
Romantic love—passion and intimacy
Fatuous love—passion
Companionate love—intimacy and commitment
Consummate love—passion, intimacy and
commitment
Development of Love and Marriage
• Cohabitation: living together
– A prelude to marriage
– Cohabitants tend to be less happy, less healthy,
and less satisfied with their financial status
Factors Influencing Marital Success
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Maturity of the partners
Homogamy vs. heterogamy
Social homogamy
Marital equity
Divorce
• Role of expectations
• First emotional impact: increased hostility
• Adjustments
– Unhappy partners suddenly notice lost benefits
that they did not know they had
– Hadn’t realized the strength of their emotional
dependence.
Divorced, with Children
• Add financial pressure
• Require ex-spouses to compromise about
visitation
• Visibly remind both parents what might
have been (or what actually used to be)
• Make remarriage less likely
Spouse Abuse
• Contributing Factors
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Social pressures that create stress
Cultural values that condone violence
Personality pathologies
Drug and alcohol addiction
History of child maltreatment
Spouse Abuse
• Two Forms:
– Common couple violence: yelling, insulting,
and physical attack
– Patriarchal terrorism: husband uses violent
methods of accelerating intensity to isolate,
degrade, and punish wife
Spouse Abuse
• Prevention
– Educating children and protecting them from
violence
– Counteracting the poverty and deprivation that
underlies abuse
– Treating the alcoholism
– Family examples and family connections
Generativity
• Four traditional stages of the career cycle:
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Exploration
Establishment
Maintenance
Decline (retirement)
Today’s Workforce
• Work path for individuals is much less
linear and secure
• Skills are quite specific, yet may be
obsolete tomorrow
• Much more diverse
Implications of Trends
• Young adults should not plan, or train for,
one job in one career that will last a lifetime
• Workers today need greater sensitivity to
cultural differences
• Young adults should focus on developing
basic skills communication, logical thought,
and human relations.
Implications of Trends
• Women, minority-group members, and
those with a disability may continue to
bump into a glass ceiling.
Dual-Earner Family Life
• Myth: children suffer from neglect
• Opportunities: higher family income, more
active relationships with their fathers, and
the opportunity to witness more flexible
role models
• Challenges: perception of marital equity,
family logistics, salary inequity.
Alternative Forms of Parenthood
• Stepparents, adoptive parents, foster parents
– Strong bonds between parent and child are
particularly hard to create when a child has
already formed definite attachments to other
caregivers who are still available to the child.
– Because they are legally connected to their
children for life, adoptive parents have an
advantage over stepparents in establishing
bonds with their children.