Transcript The War of 1812

The War of 1812
I. Background
•
•
1. 1812-1814
2. Untied States of America versus
The British Empire (England)
• 3. At the time, England was already at
war with France
• 4. U.S. Army was small & disorganized.
The Navy only had 16 ships!
1. Another War between France
and England
• A. Both sides want to get the U.S. involved
• B. We want to stay neutral- foreign affairs are not
our problem
• C. France and England are both paranoid that the
U.S. is selling arms to their enemy.
• D. We pass the Embargo Act which prevents all
trade with France and England just to keep
ourselves from getting involved.
2. British begin interfering with
U.S. foreign trade
• A. British Navy boards U.S. merchant
vessels, seizing the vessel and cargo.
• B. Britain is upset that we have stopped
trade.
• C. They steal the vessels and crews to fight
the French.
3. British were IMPRESSING
U.S. sailors He..heh.
That
• A. When British
seized a U.S. merchant
ship, they would force
the crew to join the
British Navy.
• B. Forced the
American crew to
change citizenship.
American is
Now ours!
Oh no! I can’t live on
fish and chips!
•
4. “Warhawks” blamed the
British for Native American
Unrest
A. Senators and
Congressmen blamed the
British for encouraging
Western Tribes to rebel.
• B. Some believed the
British were arming the
Native Americans.
(Remember Tecumseh,
the Prophet and the Battle
of Tippicanoe? )
5. U.S. wanted some more land
• A. Used war as a pretext for grabbing the
rest of Canada from England and Florida
from Spain(England’s ally).
A. President James Madison
Do we
Have to go
To war?
B. The “Warhawks”, led by
Henry Clay Is this the best
photo
They could
find?!
This here
war against
Britain is a
fine idea!
C. Tecumseh - Leader of the
Shawnee tribe at Tippicanoe
Creek.
Let’s get
Together
And woop
Some
U.S. butt…
Before they
Woop on
Ours!
D. General William Henry
Harrison -fought Teumseh at
Tippicanoe
Dang…
Maybe I can
Use my army
Fame to run
For President!
E. Francis Scott Key- Wrote the
“Star Spangled Banner”
Someday,
Famous persons
Shall recite my
Poetry at large
Sporting events.
A. “Constitution” vs.
“Guerriere”, 1812
• Naval battle off of the
Canadian coast
• Brisish had already
blockaded U.S. ports.
• “Constitution” was
able to shoot off both
masts of the British
vessel.
• Our first naval victory.
B. Invasion of Canada
• Americans thought
Canadians would
welcome them.
• Thought Canadians
wanted to be “free” of
England…Wrong!
• U.S. forced to retreat!
C. Battle of Lake Erie, Thames
1813
• Fierce battle but the
U.S. is able to retain
control
• After the British
retreat, troops regroup
(with Tecumseh) and
fight again at Thames,
where Tecumseh is
killed.
D. Battle of Horseshoe Bend,
1814
• -General Andrew
Jackson vs. Creek
Indians in Mississippi
• Jackson used the help
of the Cherokee to
defeat the Creeks.
E. Burning of Washington D.C.,
Battle at Fort McHenry, 1814
British concluded its war
with France and
therefore had more
troops to send to the
U.S.
Invaded D.C. and burned
down the White house
• Marched on to Baltimore
Harbor and Fort McHenry
• British rockets bombard
fort the whole night.
• U.S. flag remains flaying
and the British finally
retreat.
• Francis Scott Key is so
moved by U.S.
determination he writes
poem/song… “Oh say
does that star-spangled
banner yet wave…”
F. Battle of New Orleans
• British tried to take New Orleans so they could
control the Mississippi River.
• Andrew Jackson fought them off with troops
which included African Americans, locals,
sharpshooters, frontier fighters.
Oops! The battle was fought two
weeks after the British signed a
peace treaty in Ghent, Belgium.
This will stop
Fighting between
Our nations…
• We didn’t
know the treaty
was signed…
very slow mail
from Europe!
Yeah…in a
month
or so!
• A. America proves
itself as a global
power!
• We test our naval
strength and are
successful!
• NO LAND GAINED,
NO MONEY
MADE…was it worth
it?
Works for
Me!