Transcript The Road To War - Hillsdale Public Schools

The Road To
War
Interactive
• http://www.eighteentwelve.ca
Talk about miscommunication….
August 1810
• William Henry Harrison,
Governor of the Indiana
Territory, meets with Chief
Tecumseh with 30 members of
the Shawnee nation looking
on.
• Harrison’s Assistant says to
Tecumseh, “Your father requests
you sit by his side”
What do you think Harrison’s
assistant meant by this?
What did Tecumseh feel it meant?
What Tecumseh thinks….
“My
Father! The Great Spirit
is my Father!…The earth is
my mother…Houses are
made for white men to hold
councils in. Indians hold
theirs in open air.”
Tecumseh Wants to Push Back Settlers
• Remember almost one million settlers
moved West of Appalachians by 1810.
• Many conflicts broke out between
American Indians and the settlers.
• Treaties were made between the United
States and the Indians, many times
ignored.
Treaty of Greenville
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVhLo
XCbr6A
Treaty Of Greenville
• Made in 1795 between Miamis and
other Indian nations with the
United States
• They gave up land that we call
Ohio now and in return, they
received $20,000 and promise of
more money as long as there was
peace.
Tecumseh’s Confederation
• Ohio became a state in 1803
• Settlers kept moving west into
Indiana
• Tecumseh and his brother
Tenskwatawa (the Prophet) vow
to keep settlers out.
• In 1808, The Prophet builds a
village for his followers along the
Tippecanoe Creek in the Indiana
Territory.
• Tecumseh organizes Indians into a
confederation or league.
“Everywhere our people have passed away, as the
snow of the mountains melts in May. We no longer
rule the forest. The game has gone like our hunting
grounds. Even our lands are nearly all gone. Yes, my
brothers, our campfires are few. Those that still burn
we must draw together.
Behold what the white man has done to our people!
Gone are the Pequot, the Narraganset, the Powhatan,
the Tuscarora and the Coree.... We can no longer trust
the white man. We gave him our tobacco and our
maize. What happened? Now there is hardly land for
us to grow these holy plants.
White men have built their castles where
the Indians’ hunting grounds once were,
and now they are coming into your
mountain glens. Soon there will be no
place for the Cherokee to hunt the deer and
the bear. The tomahawk of the Shawnee is
ready. Will the Cherokee raise the
tomahawk? Will the Cherokee join their
brothers the Shawnee?”
What future President was Governor
of the Indiana territory?
A. Andrew Jackson
B. William Henry Harrison
C. Abraham Lincoln
D. Barack Obama
What Chief of the Shawnees formed
a confederation of Indian Nations to
fight Americans?
A. Tecumseh
B. Tenskwatawa
C. The Prophet
D. Pocohantas
This person was nicknamed “The
Prophet” and was defeated at
Prophetstown
.
A. Tecumseh
B. Isaac Brock
C. Tim Tebow
D. Tenskwatawa
Conflicts Between Settlers and American
Indians
Battle of Tippecanoe
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v_nNL
SNmkmQ
Showdown at Tippecanoe
• In 1811, Harrison marched 1,000
soldiers against Prophetstown while
Tecumseh was away.
• The Prophet led a surprise night
attack against the troops.
• Both sides suffer heavy losses in this
battle called “Battle of Tippecanoe.”
Results
• Harrison’s forces defeated The
Prophet’s forces and destroyed
Prophetstown.
• Fighting with American Indians hurt
relations between US and Britain.
• British were supplying guns and
ammunition to Indians and encouraging
them to attack US settlements.
Which Indian Tribe did
Tecumseh belong to?
A. Shawnee
B. Cherokee
C. Creek
D. Ramapoughs
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v_nNL
SNmkmQ
Hillsdale War Hawks call for war
• Madison did not want war.
• Members of Congress from West and South
(all but New England states) called for war.
• Nationalism-a devotion to one’s country is
what stirred the War Hawks.
Reasons to go to war
• United States could seize Florida from
British ally Spain
• Britain arming American Indians
• Britain seizing American ships
• Canada
Congress Declares War
• British warships blockade
American ports to stop trade
with France.
• June, 1812 Madison asks
Congress to declare war.
War of 1812
• Britain was already in
bitter fight with
Napoleon
• At the same time US
was unprepared for
war.
Who downsized the Army and
Navy?
A. John Adams
B. Thomas Jefferson
C. James Madison
D. John Snodgrass
Problems US had
• The United States Navy had only 16
ships. The British had a huge fleet.
• The United States Army was small
and ill equipped. Many officers knew
little about warfare.
• The government relied on volunteers,
who were poorly trained and had little
experience in battle. Many deserted.
USS Constitution
• In August 1812, USS Constitution, Old
Ironsides, wins a battle with HMS
Guerriere off the coast of Newfoundland
• http://www.dvidshub.net/video/140222/war
-1812-old-ironsides#.UYnKWpWZ4wM
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MMdB
WWDWRQ8
The real name of “Old Ironsides”
was?
A. HMS Declaration
B. USS Constitution
C. USS Intrepid
D. USS Independence
War in the West
• War Hawks wanted to conquer
Canada
• General William Hull moved
American troops from Detroit into
Canada.
• Canada had only a few troops led
by British General Isaac Brock
How Does Brock Win?
• He parades his soldiers in red
coats..Why?
• He also leads Americans to
believe a large number of
Indians were fighting.
Who were the War Hawks?
A. New England farmers
B. Congressmen fron the South and
West
C. Congressmen from New England
D. Followers of Schmidt and Walden
Battle of Lake Erie
• 1813, Captain Oliver Hazard Perry
built own ships and sailed his tiny
fleet against the British
• After losing his own ship, he moves
to another ship and Americans win
battle.
“We have met the enemy and they are
ours.”
Battle of Lake Erie
• http://battleoflakeerie-bicentennial.com
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Qzxjq3Jn
1E
Who made his own ships and
won the Battle of Lake Erie?
A. Admiral Bulldog Bower
B. Andrew Jackson
C. Captain Oliver Hazzard Perry
D. Francis Scott Key
Tecumseh is Killed
• The British and their ally
Tecumseh retreat from Detroit
into Canada.
• General William Henry Harrison
pursued them.
• Tecumseh died in the Battle of
the Thames.
• Indian Confederation falls apart.
Battle of Lundy Lane or Battle of
Niagra Falls.
Battle of Niagara Falls or Battle
of Lundy’s Lane
• http://vimeo.com/46697212
Another Future President Gets
Involved
• Andrew Jackson leads American
troops in the Creek War.
• With the help of the Cherokees,
Jackson wins a victory at Battle of
Horseshoe Bend.
“Your people have destroyed my
nation”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YA1lzFb2
FoE
What is this a picture of?
What was Andrew Jackson’s
nickname?
A. Young Peanut
B. Old Hickory
C. The Prophet
D. Old Ironsides
British Burn Washington
• August 1814
• British came in from the
Chesapeake Bay
• They marched to capital
• Dolley Madison gathered up
papers and Washington’s portrait
before leaving White House
• http://www.history.com/topics/treaty-ofghent/videos#dolley-madison-saveswashingtons-portrait
Auntie Em, It’s a twister!!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gm5PQr
MzRm0
Who was James Madison’s First
Lady who saved the White House
portrait of George Washington?
A. Hillary
B. Rita
C. Martha
D. Dolley
• http://www.dvidshub.net/video/140217/war
-1812-our-flag-stillthere#.UYnL_JWZ4wM
Fort McHenry
• From Washington, British march north
toward Baltimore.
• Fort McHenry key to Baltimore defense
• September 13-14, 1814, British bombard
harbor
• Francis Scott Key watched and wrote Star
Spangled Banner
Who wrote the Star Spangled
Banner?
A. Francis Scott Key
B. Waldo Cannotbefound
C. John Quincy Adams
D. Oliver Hazzard Perry
Battle of New Orleans
• http://www.dvidshub.net/video/140217/war
-1812-our-flag-stillthere#.UYnL_JWZ4wM
Battle of New Orleans
• Britain prepared to attack New
Orleans in late 1814.
• They hoped to sail up Mississippi
• Andrew Jackson waiting
• Jackson had help from Choctaw
Indians, and citizens of New
Orleans including hundreds of
African Americans
When did the Battle of New
Orleans take place?
A. After treaty ending the war was
signed.
B. After Andrew Ewing got help
from the Creek Indians
C. After Spain gave us Florida
D. All of the Above
We win Battle after War is over
• American soldiers dug trenches.
• On January 8, 1815, Britain
attacked.
• More than 2,000 British soldiers
died. Only seven Americans died.
• Andrew Jackson becomes hero
• The United States and
Great Britain signed a
treaty two weeks before
the Battle of New
Orleans, ending the war.
Battle of New Orleans
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50_iRIcxs
z0
New Englanders Protest War
• The British blockade hurt New
England’s sea trade.
• New Englanders feared that the
United States might win land in
Florida and Canada, which would
become new states. That would
make the South and the West more
influential than New England.
Who won the Battle of New
Orleans?
A. Andrew Jackson
B. William Henry Harrison
C. Oliver Hazzard Perry
D. General Joseph Snodgrass III
• Delegates from New England states
met at the Hartford Convention. They
threatened to leave the Union if the
war continued.
• While the Hartford Convention was
still meeting, news of a peace treaty
arrived.
The Hartford Convention took
place in
A. Connecticut
B. Washington, DC
C. Prophetstown
D. Massachusetts
New England states threatened to
A. Secede from the Union
B. Blockade the ports
C. Become War Hawks
D. Trade with Great Britain
TREATY OF GHENT
•The Treaty of Ghent ended the
War of 1812. It was named
after the city in Belgium
where it was signed. In the
treaty, Britain and the United
States agreed to go back to the
way things were before the
war.
Treaty of Ghent
• http://video.pbs.org/video/2088252811/
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGfpD
kjhMu0
War of 1812 was a result of
American conflicts with
A. French and British
B. British and Native Americans
C. French and Spanish
D. British and Spanish