Transcript PowerPoint 演示文稿

开放英语4
This Is English 4
安徽电大
钱丰收
Unit 20
The consumer society or the
wasteful society?
教学目的与要求
在本单元中，
你将学习并了
解现代社会的
消费观及废物
利用的问题
教学内容
• 学习与餐饮及废物利用相关的词汇
• 过去分词用作定语
• Thirty per cent of meals consumed by families in the USA are eaten at
one of the big chains.
• 情态动词can和must在被动句中的用法
• All CFC coolants must be removed from fridges.
• 真实条件句
• If all their friends have the latest trainers or mobile phones ,they want
them too.
• 现在完成时和现在完成进行时
• The government has banned the import of items like old TV sets and
computers.
重点掌握的内容
• 真实条件句
• 分词作定语
Activity 1
•
•
•
•
•
ready-made meal(半成品),
fast food,
junk food,
a take-away,
convenience food
Activity 2
P22 Global Food
• … 30% of meals consumed by families in the
US.过去分词作定语
• adapt (oneself) to --- make oneself suitable for
使自己适应于
while conj. whereas; and 然而；而(进行对比)
• Some people like coffee, while others like tea.
有些人喜欢咖啡, 而有些人喜欢茶。
• popular (with) adj. Widely liked or appreciated
为大众所喜爱的或欣赏的
This dance is popular with young people.这种舞很
受青年人喜爱。
• (be) full (of) adj.
Containing all that is normal or
possible 满的，充满的 （与 of 连用）
• go hungry 挨饿
• No longer = not … any longer adv. 不再
He could no longer be trusted and they had to let
him go.
=He could not be trusted any longer and they had
to let him go.他不再被信任，他们让他走。
• pick up v. To take up (something) by hand
拿起, 用手拿起（某物）
He picked up a book and then read it.他捡起
一本书，然后读了起来。
• deliver（to）
v. To bring or transport to the proper place
or recipient; distribute递送，分送
• Some new books have been delivered to the
school.一些新书已被送到学校。
Activity 2 P21
• 1. F. “ 30％ of meals consumed by families in the
USA are eaten at one of the big chains like…”
• 2. DK
• 3. F “ McDonals’s had approximately 25,000
restaurants in over 120 cou7ntries.”
• 4. F
• “served 29 million people a day (in over 120
countries)”
• 5. T
Activity 2 P21
• 6. F
“ the secret of their success
is a marketing strategy of ‘think
global, act local’”
• 7. T
• 8T
• 9. F “because it is said to be
unhealthy and full of fat”
• 10. T
Activity 3
P24
1. …America are eaten at one of the
big chains.
2. …McDonald’s
3. …a golden arch …
4. Around 80% of McDonald’s …
5. … that fast-food chains produce …
6. … often buy a ready-made meal…
Language Focus
P22
过去分词作定语
形式：动词原形＋ed
概念：表示被动的、已完成的动作
例如：
a developed country
发达的国家 ( 表示已完成 )
a forced smile
强颜欢笑
( 表示被动 )
过去分词作定语
1）单个过去分词一般放在所修饰的名词前
面，有时也可以放在修饰的名词之后，
2）过去分词短语作定语时，要放在所修
饰的名词后面。被修饰的名词是过去分
词所表示的动作的承受者。
Example
• Did you pay a visit to the tomb of
the unknown soldier?
( 单 个
过去分词)
• = Did you pay a visit to the tomb
of the soldier who is unknown.?
• 你去看了无名英雄之墓吗？
Example
• They are problems left over by
history. (过去分词短语)
• = They are the problems which
are left over by history.
• 这些是历史遗留的问题。
Example
• These are pictures taken by my
young sister.
• = These are pictures which were
taken by my young sister.
• 这些是我妹妹拍摄的照片。
Example
• The story written by the
famous writer is being printed
at the factory.
• = The story that is written by
the famous writer is being
printed at the factory.
• 这位著名作家写的小说现在正
在工厂印刷。
Activity 4 Part B P25
•
•
•
•
•
•
1. sold
2. cooked
3. eaten
4. produced
5. employed
6. bought
Activity 5 P26
• 1. …sold by supermarkets are
often expensive
• 2. …produced by fast-food
chains is a problem.
• 3. … employed by fast-food
chains are often not paid
much.
Language Focus P26
情态动词can 用于被动语态
形式：can＋be＋过去分词
概念： 能够(被)……，可以(被)……
Example
• Can I be excused?
• 我会得到原谅吗
• The ball can't be picked up in
football.
• 踢足球时不许可用手持球。
• These problems can be solved.
• 这些问题能够得到解决。
Activity 6
P27
1.Fast-food restaurants can’t usually be found
in….
2. A lot of time can be saved with …
3. A franchise can be bought from …
4. Children’s birthday parties can be held in …
5. Beer can’t be bought in ....
6. Local food can be adapted to make it “global”.
Language Focus P29
连词 If 引导的真实条件
形式：
从句：If +主语+谓语（一般现在时）
，
主句：主语 + will/won’t（情态动词）
+ 动词原形
概念：
1) 条件状语表示“如果……，那么……”，
这种条件是可以实现的。
2) if 引导的从句位于主句之前时，要用逗
号。在主句之后则不用逗号。
3) 如果条件状语是将来时, 只能用一般现
在时表示。
Example:
•
•
You may stay here if you keep quiet.
如果你保持安静你可以待在这儿。
•
If I have time, I’ll go to the meeting
together with you.
如果我有空，我将和你一起去开会。
•
Example:
• If that is true, what should we do?
• 假设那是真的我们该怎么办呢?
• She will play the piano only if she
is paid.
• 只有付给她报酬，她才愿意演奏
钢琴。
Activity 9
•
•
•
•
P29
1. take, want
2. have
3. goes, buys
4. eat, doesn’t
look
• 5. am, make
• 6. cooks
• 7. orders
• 8. get
Activity 12
What a Waste! p28
–
sth. happen to ＋ sb./sth. v. To come to pass.
发生；对…产生影响
Did you hear what happened to David last night?
你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗?
– dispose of v. To attend to; settle
处理；解决
We have to dispose of this pile of old papers and
magazines.我们得把这堆旧报纸和杂志处理掉。
• remove (from) v. To take away; withdraw 拿
走；撤走，除去
We removed his name from consideration.我们
把他的名字排除在考虑的范围之外.
• It’s (not ) likely + to do sth.
＝ to be probable; be expected (不)可能做…
She is not likely to come next month.
她下月很可能不来。
• get rid of v. To free from
使摆脱，解除，免除
He was finally able to get rid of all financial
worries.他终于使自己摆脱所有的财政忧虑。
• break up v. to separate or become separated into
parts by breaking
拆散；破碎
Those old railway carriages will be broken up for
scrap.那些旧火车车厢将用来拆取废铁。
• shut down v. cause to cease or suspend
operation or business 停业；使关闭
The school shuts down during busy farming
seasons.这所学校在农忙季节停课。
• throw away vt. To get rid of as useless (作为
无用而) 扔掉; 抛弃
Don't throw away your old shoes, give them to
me.不要扔掉你的旧鞋子，给我吧。
Activity 12 P32
•
•
•
•
1. They dump it in the street.
2. No, it doesn’t.
3. They took effect on 1 January 2002.
4. They must be removed because they deplete
the ozone layer.
• 5. It has been suffering from problems caused
by imported waste electrical goods like
computers.
• 6. Unsafe recycling methods have caused
environmental damage.
现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
Language Focus
P30
• 现在完成时
• 形式：have + 过去分词
• 概念: 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。
• 现在完成进行时
• 形式：have + been ＋ 现在分词
• 概念： 表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或
重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。
• 时间状语：与现在完成时相同。
• From1995 to 2003 the total salaries of
the company’s employees have
increased twenty times.
• 从1995年到2003 这家公司员工的工资
已经增加了20倍。
• I haven’t seen you for a long time.
What have you been doing these years?
• 我已经好久没见到你了。这几年一直
在干什么？
Activity 14 Part A P30
1. People have been improving
waste.
2. Workers have been breaking
up computers.
3. ….
Activity 14 Part B P31
1. The government has
introduced new regulations.
2. The government has closed
factories.
3. …
Language Focus
P34
情态动词 must 用于被动语态
情态动词must 用于被动语态
形式：must + be + 过去分词
表 示 ： “ 必 须 （ 被 ） …… ， 应 当
（被）……，一定（被）……”
• If it is really lost, it must be found. 如果
真丢了, 一定要找回来。
• The book must be finished by the end of
month.这本书必须月底读完。
• Difficulties can and must be overcome.
困难能够而且必须克服。
Activity 16
P31
1. Waste electrical goods must
be disposed of safely.
2. The ozone layer can be
protected.
3. All waste electrical goods can
be recycled.
4. Fridges must not be dumped
in the street.
5. The use of CFC coolants can
be cut down.
6. The export of waste electrical
goods to other countries
must be banned.
Thank You!