Transcript Good practice, ECOSIM project in the Polish site
City expectations and SUTRA project results
Jadwiga Kopeć Director of Environmental Protection Department Municipality of Gdańsk 8/12 Nowe Ogrody Str.
80 803 Gdańsk Poland Tel/fax + 48/58/3026370 e-mail: [email protected]
Plan of the presentation
1. Basic information about Gdansk 2. Sustainable development policy – problems with implementation 3. Urbanization problems 4. Indicators of sustainable development and mobility 5. Expectations of city 6. SUTRA project- basic information 7. Expectations of the City referring to Sutra project results
http://www.gdansk.gda.pl
Welcome to Gdansk !
Overview of Gdansk domain
Population of the city 460 000
Surface area 262 sq. km Number of cars
Number of trucks
Travel model split - cars - public transport - bicycling - walking 24 % 150 000 50 000 36% 34% 1 %
•
Number of passengers using public transport 184 mln/year
•
Length of roads 780 km
•
Length of bicycle paths 19 km
•
Length of public transport 348 km (electric train, trams, buses)
Sustainable development of the Municipality of Gdansk
Short term till 2004-ensuring ecological safety
Medium-term till 2007 improving the state of environment to the EU standards
Long-term till 2010 creating life conditions matching the ones in the EU countries
Urbanization problems
Urban sprawl
Loss of ecological values of big areas
Loss of green areas in the urban districts and outside of them
Post industrial areas
Increasing of the number of urbanized areas increases the demand for transport
Ineffective use of the technical building infrastructure entailing huge financial recourses
Transport – important problem
short term (2002-2004) priorities one may find: construction and modernization of roads from the city to the By-pass construction of bicycle paths in accordance with the elaborated plan elimination of vehicles which do not meet the necessary standards (quality of exhaust) elaboration of acoustic map of the city and peaceful areas The Goal Accomplishment Indicator will be decreased for the use of private cars by the citizens comparing to the year 1998 when it was 36%.
In the medium term (2003-2007) priorities are: construction of bicycle paths – especially these which enable getting to the work places in the city centre reduction of noise pollution along the main roads modernization of tramway networks analysis towards use of gas fuelled buses The Goal Accomplishment Indicator will be increased for the use of bicycles from 1 % in 1998 to 10 % in 2006. Preservation of the quiet areas as in 2000 In the long term ( up to 2010) priorities are: construction of new tram line modernization of municipal means of public transport activities towards reduction of transport nuisances The Goal Accomplishment Indicator will be participation of public transport in the general travelling activity of the citizens - 40 %
Indicators of sustainable development
Gdansk participates in the European Common Indicators project European Common Indicators (transport problems):
quality of local and outdoor air
local mobility and passengers transportation availability of local public open areas and services
children’s journeys to and from school local contribution to global climate changes
noise pollution Indicators used in SUTRA project
–
DRIVING FORCES
– – – –
PRESSURE STATE IMPACT RESPONSE
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
6.
7.
CITIES EXPECTATIONS
We need some new tools encouraging the planning of the city development in accordance with sustainable development rules to reduce threats to natural environment and resources, and to improve the quality of citizens’ life.
New tools should make the decision making process easier. They should change the way of planning from traditional to other one in which subjective evaluation of existing situation, role of interests groups, omitting or too big stressing of effects related with implementation of the undertaking will not have place.
New tools should help to create the common data base including wide scope of local data, such as population density, surface shape, meteorological conditions, soil pollution, air pollution concentration, etc.
Introduction of new tools by the cities should be followed by trainings explaining their possible use in different management levels.
New tools enabling to take optimal decision in the subject of sustainable development should include possibilities to co-operation and use of previous tools, for example program of traffic flows.
One should have opportunity to evaluate economic and environmental effects of decisions.
The tools should make possible to check if the local, regional plans are compatible with national one.
SUTRA project
SUTRA
– Sustainable Urban Transportation for Decision Support Systems, a project run between 2000 and 2002 by a project consortium consisting of 12 partners.
Project goals:
The goal of this stage was to supply and review data for building models, prepare and verify indicators and develop urban development scenarios.
The methodology and research results
Data were obtained from ARMAAG measurement sites and the Department of Traffic Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology. Complete data were not always available for the models TREM (emissions), OFIS (ozone) and VISUM (transport).
Indicators were developed for the city of Gdansk (driving forces, responses, pressures, states, impacts).
Development scenarios were drawn up: joint scenarios (using data from all towns) and detailed scenarios for Gdansk.
Social and economic results
The Gdansk University of Technology partners, the ARMAAG Foundation and the City Council, use the IT tools developed in the project.
Expectations of the city referring to Sutra project results (I)
Assessment of the impact to the new roads and water sources Data verification presented by model Assessment of city development scenarios Use of indicators
Expectations of the city referring to Sutra project results (II)
The 2001 Gdansk land use plan sets out the city’s future transport routes. Some of them are in conflict with protected green areas and underground water intakes. To identify the impact of transportation on these sensitive areas and the implications for the city, the programme Visum can be used.
With today’s waste treatment technologies, water and land pollution is increasingly caused by emissions, including those generated by traffic. For this reason specific policy decisions in Gdansk should be supported with data from transportation induced land pollution, with data covering a number of options of traffic volumes in the different parts of the city.
My comments are in particular about the routes so called Green Road and South Ring-road. With regard to the city’s underground water supply, a water circulation model is used together with the programmes Aqueduct and Mike-She.
It would be interesting to use all these tools to identify the impact of transportation on the quality of underground water.
Expectations of the city referring to Sutra project results (III)
The city plans to develope the acoustic map. In Gdansk, just like in a number of Polish cities, traffic is the main cause of noise.
It would be interesting to use the models of traffic scenarios to identify what can reasonably be done to reduce or eliminate traffic related nuisance. The model “Street canyon” could be used to identify how noise is propagated.
Expectations of the city referring to Sutra project results (IV)
The study so far has used data from automatic air monitoring stations that provide overall monitoring. Because of their location, they cover transport pollution to a limited extent only. Even in summertime when air pollution from energetic sector is low, other types of pollution such as industrial emissions, local low emissions and transport pollution remain.
Armaag has a station for measuring traffic pollution. It would be interesting to verify the data obtained from the program with the measured ones.
Expectations of the city referring to Sutra project results (V)
The city’s spatial development plan assumes that Gdansk population will remain stable until 2020 the residents will move to the new area that is now an agricultural land. A scenario like this will require new expensive infrastructure and higher operating costs.
At the same time this may affect desolation of the city’s historic centre.
Other possibility is that the city may follow an inward development plan. As new buildings are built to replace old ones and brown field sites used for development, the city may tend to grow around its centre.
It would be interesting to use programs to designate transport routes for different city development scenarios and to identify traffic patterns as new roads are completed.
Expectations of the city referring to Sutra project results (VI)
As I mentioned before, Gdansk takes part in the project “Common European Indicators”.
It would be a good idea to ensure that SUTRA indicators match the ones used in the European Commission’s CEI project.
A particularly interesting option would be to analyse the city’s position compared with other cities against selected indicators.