21st Century Networking and Applications Keynote Address CENIC 2002 San Diego, CA May 6, 2002 Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

The 21 st Century Internet- A Mobile Internet Powered by a Planetary Grid

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Emergence of a Distributed Planetary Grid

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Internet Develops Parallel Lambda Backbone Scalable Distributed Computing Power Storage of Data Everywhere Broadband Becomes a Mass Market Wireless Internet Access--Anywhere, Anytime

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Broadband Speeds “Always Best Connected” Billions of New Wireless Internet End Points

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Information Appliances Sensors and Actuators Embedded Processors

Closing in on the Dream

“What we really have to do is eliminate distance between individuals who want to interact with other people and with other computers.” ― Larry Smarr, Director National Center for Supercomputing Applications, UIUC “Using satellite technology…demo of What It might be like to have high-speed fiber-optic links between advanced computers in two different geographic locations.” ― Al Gore, Senator Chair, US Senate Subcommittee on Science, Technology and Space SIGGRAPH 89 Science by Satellite Source: Maxine Brown, EVL, UIC

Why Optical Networks Are Emerging as the 21 st Century Driver Scientific American, January 2001

The Next S-Curves of Exponential Technology Growth Lambda Grids Production/ Mass Market 100% Technology Penetration Experimental/ Early Adopters 0% Research Time Technology S-Curve DWDM Experimental Networks Internet2 Abilene Connections Program Gigabit Testbeds ~1990s 2000 2010 Networking Technology S-Curves

California’s Institutes for Science and Innovation Are New Network Drivers California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology, and Quantitative Biomedical Research UCD UCSF UCB UCSC UCM Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society California NanoSystems Institute UCSB UCLA UCI California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology UCSD www.ucop.edu/california-institutes

CENIC and CISI Plan to Create CalREN-XD An Experimental and Research Network Portland UCD Seattle

CENIC/Carrier POP Carrier OpAmp Site

Sacramento UCD Med Ctr UCB LBNL Emeryville San Francisco

Backbone Carrier Fiber Optional Carrier Fiber

UCSF Mission Bay Stanford LLNL Denver

Campus-MAN Demark

SLAC Palo Alto NASA Ames Research Park Sunnyvale UCSB UCLA Santa Barbara CalTech JPL

Campus Campus Network MPOE Campus Fiber

Los Angeles 818 W 7th UCR

Last Mile Fiber

USC UCSD SDSC ISI UCI Anaheim Qwest SD

1.5 Miles est.

SDSU Santa Fe

Future Last Mile Fiber Backbone 10Gig  Pacific Light Rail 10G 

Thornton and VA Hospitals

4 Miles est.

Hillcrest Hospital SPAWAR Pt Loma

A LambdaGrid Will Be the Backbone for an e-Science Network

Apps Middleware Clusters Dynamically Allocated Lightpaths Switch Fabrics P L A N E C O N T R O L Physical Monitoring

Source: Joe Mambretti, NU

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The Grid Physics Network Is Driving the Creation of an International LambdaGrid Paul Avery (Univ. of Florida) and Ian Foster (U. Chicago and ANL), Lead PIs

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Largest NSF Information Technology Research Grant 20 Institutions Involved Enabled by the LambdaGrid and Internet2 LHC Sloan Digital Sky Survey CMS ATLAS

Some Scientific Applications Require Experimental Optical Networks

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Large Data Challenges in Neuro and Earth Sciences

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Each Data Object is 3D and Gigabytes Data are Generated and Stored in Distributed Archives Research is Carried Out on Federated Repository Requirements

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Computing Requirements

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PC Clusters Communications

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Dedicated Lambdas Data

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Large Peer-to-Peer Lambda Attached Storage Visualization

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Collaborative Volume Algorithms Response

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OptIPuter Research Project

NIH is Funding a Brain Imaging Federated Repository Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN) NIH Plans to Expand to Other Organs and Many Laboratories Part of the UCSD CRBS

National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastructure

Center for Research on Biological Structure

Why Not Constantly Compute on Federated Repositories?

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Currently

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Instrument Coordinates

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Virtual Human NLM Project

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Transformations to Organ Coordinates

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Surgical View of Body Define Differences in Organs Eg. UCLA Human Brain Mapping Project —Art Toga

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Fly Through Organs

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Virtual Colonoscopy ( www.vitalimaging.com

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Future

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Train AI Software on

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Millions of Human Image DataSets Define Distribution Functions Thresholds for Medical Attention

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Life Cycle of Single Individuals

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Automatic Early Warnings

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NSF’s EarthScope Projects Are Producing an Explosion of Large Data Synthetic Aperature Radar (SAR)

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Digital Terrain Dataset of California > a Billion Points

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Repeat SAR Images of Ground Deformation

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Earth Change and Hazard Observatory (ECHO) SAR Mission

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A Typical Computation Comparing Several Prior SAR Maps

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8000 CPU Hours 4D Vis. Must Move 32 GB of Data to the Vis. Center at Scripps in 0.5 Sec! US Array

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Broadband Seismometer Array Permanent GPS Geodesy Reference Network Resolution of Crustal and Upper Mantle Structure on the Order of Tens of Kilometers

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All Data to Community in Near Real Time Source: Frank Vernon (IGPP SIO, UCSD)

Rollout Over 14 Years Starting With Existing Broadband Stations

Multi-Megapixel Displays are Required for Seismic and Geosciences Monitoring Cal-(IT) 2 / SIO / SDSC / SDSU

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The OptIPuter is an Experimental Network Research Project Driven by Large Neuroscience and Earth Science Data Multiple Lambdas Linking Clusters and Storage

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LambdaGrid Software Stack

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Integration with InfiniBand PC Clusters Interactive Collaborative Volume Visualization Lambda Peer to Peer Storage With Optimized Storewidth Enhance Security Mechanisms Rethink TCP/IP Protocols NSF Large Information Technology Research Proposal

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UCSD and UIC Lead Campuses USC, UCI, SDSU, NW Partnering Campuses Industrial Partners: IBM, Telcordia/SAIC, Chiaro Networks, CENIC

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First Stage in OptIPuter Research: Metro Optically Linked Visualization Walls Driven by SensorNets Data

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Real Time Seismic

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Environmental Monitoring Emergency Response Distributed Corporations Linked UCSD and SDSU

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Dedication March 4, 2002 Linking Control Rooms UCSD SDSU 44 Miles of Cox Fiber Cox, Panoram, SAIC, SGI, IBM, TeraBurst Networks SD Telecom Council

Planned Chicago Metro Electronic Switching OptIPuter Laboratory

16x1 GE Internationals: Canada, Holland, CERN, GTRN, AmPATH, Asia… Int’l GE, 10GE 16x10 GE 16-Processor McKinley at University of Illinois at Chicago Metro GE, 10GE 10x1 GE + 1x10GE Nat’l GE, 10GE 16-Processor Montecito/Chivano at Northwestern StarLight Nationals: Illinois, California, Wisconsin, Indiana, Abilene, FedNets. Washington, Pennsylvania…

Source: Tom DeFanti

Creating Metro, Regional, State, National, and Planetary Optical Networking Laboratories Asia Pacific Vancouver CA* net4 SURFnet CERN Seattle Portland Pacific Light Rail Asia Pacific San Francisco Los Angeles USC UCI UCSD, SDSU San Diego (SDSC) Chicago UIC NU NCSA Atlanta PSC NYC AMPATH Source: Tom DeFanti and Maxine Brown, UIC

The Mobile High Performance Internet The Next Step for CENIC?

Subscribers (millions) 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Source: Ericsson Mobile Internet Fixed Internet 2004 2005

Using the FCC Unlicensed Band to Create a High Speed Wireless Backbone

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The High Performance Wireless Research and Education Network

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A Cal-(IT) 2 Academic Partner

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Enabling a Broad Set of Science Applications and Crisis Management

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NSF Funded PI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO 45mbps Duplex Backbone http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/topo.html

Allows for SensorNet Deployment to Remote Locations

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ROADnet —Bringing SensorNets to the Dirt Roads and the High Seas High Bandwidth Wireless Internet

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Linking Sensors for:

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Seismology Oceanography Climate Hydrology Ecology Geodesy

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Real-Time Data Management Joint Collaboration Between:

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SIO / IGPP UCSD SDSC / HPWREN SDSU Cal-(IT) 2 R/V Revelle in Lyttleton, NZ Santa Margarita Ecological Reserve http://roadnet.ucsd.edu/

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Wireless Internet is Moving Throughout The Physical World First US Taste of 3G Cellular Internet

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UCSD Jacobs School Antenna

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First Beta Test Site Linking to 802.11 Mobile “Bubble”

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Tested on CyberShuttle

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Joint Project with Campus

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From Railway to Campus at 65 mph!

Rooftop Qualcomm 1xEV Access Point www.calit2.net/news/2002/4-2-bbus.html

Experimenting with the Future - Linking Fiber and Wireless Video Cams Useful for Highway Accidents Linked by 1xEV or Disasters Cellular Internet Mobile Interactivity Avatar

Computer Vision and Robotics Research Lab Mohan Trivedi, UCSD, Cal-(IT) 2

Data Organization and Mining Are at the Heart of the 21 st Century Internet Web Portal Customized to User Device Visualization The SDSC/Cal-(IT) 2 Knowledge and Data Engineering Laboratory SensorNets —Real-Time Data Data Mining, Simulation Modeling, Analysis, Data Fusion Knowledge-Based Integration Advanced Query Processing Database Systems, Grid Storage, Filesystems High speed networking Source: Chaitan Baru, SDSC Networked Storage (SAN) Storage hardware

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How Can the “Future Internet” Enhance Capabilities for Homeland Security?

Three Tier System

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Wireless SensorNets Brings Data to Repositories

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Collaborative Crisis Management Data Centers

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Remote Wireless Devices Interrogate Data bases Building a “Living-in-the-Future” Laboratory

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UCSD, UCI, and SDSU Campuses

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San Diego, Orange County, Cross Border

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Collaboration with City, County, and State Govts.

Wireless Internet Information System for Medical Response in Disasters (WIISARD)

Responder wireless device and system

Source: Dr. Leslie Lenert, UCSD SOM

Patient wireless device and system Wireless bridging systems Location aware system Command visualization system Hospital system Disaster database

Emergency Response Scenario Transportation Assets With Mobile Internet Bubble

Hot Zone Hospital #1

WMD attack site (Stadium)

Prevailing wind Compromised Transportation Corridor Triage Transport station

Mobile Bubbles

Field

Patient RF IDs First Responder PDAs

Treatment Station

Source: Dr. Leslie Lenert, UCSD SOM

Warm zone

Control Room GPS Tracking

Hospital #2 (on bypass)