Back to the Future —The Increasing Importance of the States in Setting the Research Agenda Lecture in the Series “Defining Values of Research and Technology: The University's Changing Role” Center for Advanced Study University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL April 11, 2001

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Land Grant Institutions Founding Principles The Universities Were Founded to:

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Educate a Broad Workforce and Citizenry Perform Research to Create More Productive Economy

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Provide Services to the Economic Creators Clear Coupling to Economy:

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Agriculture Manufacturing Embedded in a Liberal Arts Education Morrill Act

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Federal Support for State Functions

The Land Grant Values are Reflected in the University of Illinois Seal

The Critical Role of Federal Funding in Creating the Information Economy Source: Brooks-Sutherland Report (1995) www.nap.edu/catalog/4948.html

The Critical Role of Federal Funding in Creating the Information Economy Source: Brooks-Sutherland Report (1995) www.nap.edu/catalog/4948.html

PITAC Findings and Recommendations

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Federal Funding Has:

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Seeded High-Risk Research

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Yielded Many Billion-Dollar Industries Trained Most of Our Leading IT Researchers

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Created Ideas Which Freely Flow From Universities and National Labs to Existing and New Companies The United States Must Not Only Continue, but Also Substantially Increase, Long-term Fundamental Information Technology Research Programs in Universities

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Large Federal Programs Can Make Major Changes in Infrastructure NSF Supercomputer Centers Program

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Access to Supercomputers Large Dataset Archive NSFnet Scientific Visualization and Virtual Reality The Web Browser and Server Software Partnerships in Advanced Computational Infrastructure (PACI)

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Access Grid

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Superclusters User Portals Optical and International Networks Distributed Terascale Facility

Characteristics of PACI

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Federal Government is Primary Fund Source

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Defines the Program, Holds the Competition Evaluates the Progress State Supports Fed Initiative Thru Cost Sharing

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Major Source for Staff Salary Extra Funds for New Buildings Industrial Partners Leverage Federal Funding:

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Proprietary Projects Which Led to New Capabilities

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Funds for New Initiatives Focus on Large Companies Using Information Tech.

Community Outreach Created New Organizations

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CCnet

Private Donors Can Link Public Universities, Industry, and Federal Funds

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UIUC Beckman Institute

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$30M Private Donor

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Recurring State Operational Funds Biological Intelligence

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New Building and Facilities Human-Computer Intelligent Interaction

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Enhances Federal Funding Opportunities

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Molecular and Electronic Nanostructures Active Tech Transfer Strong Overlap with NCSA/Alliance

Governor Davis Created New Institutes for Science, Innovation, and Tech Transfer The California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology, and Quantitative Biomedical Research UCB UCSF UCSC The Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society (Proposed-UCB, UCD, UCSC, UCM) The California NanoSystems Institute UCSB UCLA UCI UCSD The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

California Institutes Characteristics

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State Provides Core Funding

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Defined the Overall Structure

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Allowed UC Campuses to Choose Research Topics Holds the Competition Funds for New Buildings and Equipment

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Major Source for Staff Salary (proposed) Requirement for 2:1 Cost Sharing

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State Seeks Leverage Increase Competitiveness for Federal Grants

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Tight Coupling with Industry

UC San Diego and UC Irvine California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

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New Funding Model (4 Years)

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State $100M

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Industry $140M Private $30 M Campus $30M Federal $100-200M (anticipated) Total $400-500M Institute Directors

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Larry Smarr (UCSD), Institute Director Ron Graham (UCSD), Institute Chief Scientist Ramesh Rao, UCSD Campus Director Peter Rentzepis, UCI Campus Director www.calit2.net

Beyond Today’s Internet

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Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime Broadband to the Home and Small Businesses Vast Increase in Internet End Points

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Embedded Processors

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Sensors and Actuators

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Information Appliances Highly Parallel Light Waves Through Fiber Emergence of a Distributed Planetary Computer

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Storage of Data Everywhere

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Scalable Computing Power

Complex Problems Require a New Research and Education Framework 220 UCSD & UCI Faculty Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Students, Industry, and the Community System Integrated Approach Focus on Intersections www.calit2.net

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The Southern High Tech Coast Is Well Organized for Partnering From Bandwidth Bay to Wireless Valley

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70,000 Fiber Strand-Miles Under Downtown SD Nation’s Center for Wireless Companies San Diego Telecom Council

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www.sdtelecomcouncil.org

200 Member Companies SIGs on Optical, Wireless, Satellite, etc.

UCSD CONNECT

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www.connect.org

UCSD Program in Technology and Entrepreneurship Many Others

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BIOCOM

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Mayor’s Science and Technology Commission UCI Chief Executive Roundtable …

A Broad Partnership Response from the Private Sector Akamai Boeing Broadcom AMCC CAIMIS Compaq Conexant Copper Mountain Emulex Enterprise Partners VC Entropia Ericsson Global Photon IBM IdeaEdge Ventures Intersil Irvine Sensors Leap Wireless Litton Industries MedExpert Merck Microsoft Computers Communications Software Sensors Biomedical Startups Venture Firms Large Partners >$10M Over 4 Years Mission Ventures NCR Newport Corporation Orincon Panoram Technologies Printronix QUALCOMM Quantum R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical RI SAIC SciFrame Seagate Storage Silicon Wave Sony STMicroelectronics Sun Microsystems TeraBurst Networks Texas Instruments UCSD Healthcare The Unwired Fund WebEx

Cal -(IT) 2 Elements of the Industrial Partnerships

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Endowed Chairs for Professors Start-Up Support for Young Faculty

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Graduate Student Fellowships

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Research and Academic Professionals Sponsored Research Programs

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Equipment Donations for Cal-(IT) 2 and Campus Named Laboratories in new Institute Buildings

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Pro Bono Services and Software

The Institute is Built on Existing UCSD/UCI Faculty Strengths

Center for Wireless Communications Broadband Wireless

LOW-POWERED CIRCUITRY ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION COMMUNICATION THEORY COMMUNICATION NETWORKS MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS RF Mixed A/D ASIC Materials Smart Antennas Adaptive Arrays Modulation Channel Coding Multiple Access Compression Architecture Media Access Scheduling End-to-End QoS Hand-Off Changing Environment Protocols Multi-Resolution Source: UCSD CWC

MicroSensors Will Radically Alter the Human-Computer Interface Valveless Microfluidics Mechanical Stress and Acceleration Sensors 0.1 mm Micro Optical Assemblies (Lenses and Mirrors) MEMS structures fabricated and tested at the UCI Integrated Nanosystems Research Facility

The Perfect Storm: Convergence of Engineering with BioMed, Physics, & IT Nanogen MicroArray 500x Magnification 2 mm VCSELaser 400x Magnification IBM Quantum Corral Iron Atoms on Copper Human Rhinovirus 5 nanometers New Clean Facilities

The UCSD Cal-(IT) 2 Building Preliminary Design Occupancy 2004 220,000 Gross SF

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New Media Arts Spaces

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Research Lab

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Visualization Labs

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Audiovisual Editing Facilities Gallery Space Helping Design Auditorium

Cal-(IT) 2 Will Seek to Foster Links Between Art, Technology, & Science “UCSD ”

The UCSD “Living Grid Laboratory”— Fiber, Wireless, Compute, Data, Software

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Commodity Internet, Internet2

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High-speed WAN (OC48+)

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Link UCSD and UCI SDSC

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High-speed optical core 8 Gigabit now 80 Gigabit in 18 months 1 Terabit in 36 Months CS Med Chem Eng. / Cal-(IT) 2 Hosp

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Campus Wireless SIO ½ Mile Source: Phil Papadopoulos, SDSC

Institute Relies on PACI Infrastructure and Developments 802.11b Wireless

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Interactive Access to: State of Computer Job Status Application Codes

The High Performance Wireless Research and Education Network NSF Funded PI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO 45mbps Duplex Backbone http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN

Wireless Antennas Anchor Network High Speed Backbone http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN Source: Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC

The Wireless Internet Adds Bio-Chemical-Physical Sensors to the Grid

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From Experiments to Wireless Infrastructure

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Scripps Institution of Oceanography San Diego Supercomputer Center Cal-(IT) 2

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Building on Pioneering Work of Hans-Werner Braun & Frank Vernon Source: John Orcutt, SIO

The Wireless Internet Will Improve the Safety of California’s 25,000 Bridges

New Bay Bridge Tower with Lateral Shear Links

Cal-(IT) 2 Will Develop and Install Wireless Sensor Arrays Linked to Crisis Management Control Rooms Source: UCSD Structural Engineering Dept.

High Resolution Data Analysis Facility Linked by Optical Networks to PACI TeraGrid Panoram Technologies, SGI, Sun, TeraBurst Networks, Cox Communications, Global Photon Institute Industrial Partners

Planned for Fall 2001 at SIO Support from SDSC and SDSU

The Institute Will Expand Our Capabilities Using NCSA/Alliance Developments

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Cluster in a Box Computational Grid Software in a Box Access Grid Software In a Box Display Wall in a Box

Source: Dan Reed, NCSA Alliance

Can Use of These Technologies Help Us Avoid the Downsides of Prolonged Growth?

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Add Wireless Sensor Array Huntington UCI

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Build GIS Data Beach High Tech Coast Focus on:

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Pollution

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Water Cycle

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Earthquakes Bridges Traffic Policy Mission Bay UCSD

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Work with the Community to Adapt to Growth San Diego Bay

The Institute Facilitates Faculty Teams to Compete for Large Federal Grants Proposal-Form a National Scale Testbed for Federating Multi-scale Brain Databases Using NIH High Field NMR Centers Stanford U. Of MN Cal Tech SDSC NCRR Imaging and Computing Resources UCSD Cal-(IT) 2 Harvard Surface Web UCLA Deep Web Duke Wireless “Pad” Web Interface Source: Mark Ellisman, UCSD