Transcript Document

Exam Accessibility: progress
towards enabling disabled
students to use assistive
technology in the exam room
Abi James,
Assistive Technology Researcher
BDA / University of Southampton
Accessibility Journey
© Copyright C Michael Hogan and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons Licence
Role of standards and guidance:
managing risk and expectations
Regulatory
framework
Technical
guidance
Accessible
Assessments
A.T. use in high stake UK exams:
where the journey began
BDA NTC ask:
• Are the PDFs
accessible?
• What tools are
compatible?
2012/3: JCQ
boards allow
2007: SQA “computer
readers”
in
all
piloted
GCSE/GCE
digital
including
exams
those testing
reading
2013/4: JCQ
boards allow
school to order
“non-interactive
questions
papers” for
computer reader
users
Preparing the landscape for A.T. use:
Awarding bodies & PDFs
• Awarding bodies unaware of “accessibility”
issues and requirements
• Traditional graphic design and proof
reading processes
• Past papers showed number of problems
– Permissions
– Text as images
– Test in PDF reading aloud incorrectly
Making AT use in exams a reality,
Embracing the political and legislative framework
Encouraging sharing of best practice (and failures)
Building confidence in the technology and processes
Gaining momentum
How many candidates use
assistive technology?
Reader
Scribe
Computer
reader
PDFs
GCSE
No of candidates
2012/13: 48,300
2013/14: 51,750
2012/13: 26,250
2013/14: 26,250
2012/13: 750
2013/14: 2,050
No of papers:
2013/14: 4800
% of 2014 English
GCSE entries
9.5%
4.8%
0.4%
0.9%
Steps taken so far since 2013
1. Demonstrated to regulators, government &
awarding bodies the problems with
inaccessible PDFs
2. Tested sample papers to advise on required
changes
3. With UKAAF & experts develop standards for
Accessible PDF for assessments
4. Following consultation UKAAF standard
published Jan 2015
UKAAF Accessible PDF for
assessments
• Covering use of PDF for exams with computer
readers
• Pragmatic, realistic approach
• To build confidence and understanding across
the sector
• First steps to ensuring accessibility needs are
considered within creation of exam papers
• 1 of 5 GCSE boards already achieving
standard
UKAAF Accessible PDF for
assessments
• Accessibility in line with assessment criteria
• Transparent in terms of the level of support
for different groups of candidates to work in
parallel with the modification processes.
– Level 1: standard PDF papers for sighted
candidates; to be compatible with text to speech
– Level 2: modified content for candidates who are
blind or have significant VI; to be compatible with
screen readers
UKAAF Standards – what do
they mean for A.T. developers?
• Is your software compatible with the
standard?
• How do we get end-users, schools and
colleges to know about the standard ?
– Setting the expectations of the customer
• Can you assist with developing standards
and guidance further?
What does the future hold?
• PDFs are here to stay for paper equivalent
exams
• Issues with reading aloud maths & notation
– regulatory & technical barriers
• Still many areas where A.T. use is difficult
due to lack of guidance.
• Online assessment
– Functional Skills, recent Ofqual review
highlighted accessibility improvements required
– Professional qualification & psychometric
testing moving more online
Making it a reality, working together
Encouraging
sharing of
best practice
(and failures)
Building
confidence in
the
technology
and processes
Bringing
together
stakeholders
Accessible
Assessment
for all
Using the
appropriate
technology
Gaining
momentum
Embracing the
legislative and
regularity
framework
How do we
engage with
assessment
& publishing
community?
To get involved
• UKAAF contact:
– [email protected]
• Abi James
– [email protected]