Transcript Haitian & Latin American Revolutions

HAITIAN & LATIN AMERICAN REVOLUTIONS
AP World History
Chapter 29
COMPARE & CONTRAST THE OUTCOMES OF
FRENCH & AMERICAN REVOLUTIONS
Outcomes
France
USA
Outcomes
Monarchy-Louis XVIII
Federal Republic
Important Documents
Declaration of the Rights of Man
Constitution/ Bill of Rights
Causes
-social inequality
-financial crisis
-taxes
-”No taxation without
representation”
Radical
• Guillotine
• De-Christianization
Much more conservative
REMINDERS
•
I/O Circle Tomorrow
•
Essay due Friday ( see wiki)
•
DBQ Wed
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Thursday Review Day
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Friday Chapter 29 test
16c-18c:
New Ideas Brewing in Europe
Inspiration of American & French
Revolutions
Declaration of the
Rights of Man & of the
Citizen, 1789
Declaration of
Independence, 1776
Enlightenment
Thinkers
European Empires: 1660s
Latin American Revolutions!
BACKGROUND
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Saint Domingue was a French colony (
sugar &coffee plantations) produced
40 % of worlds sugar
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90% of population were slaves working
under brutal conditions
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40,000 whites, 30,000 gens couleur,
500,000 black slaves
TERMS TO KNOW•
Gens de couleur- free people of color
as well as mulattoes
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Maroons- escaped slaves
REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS
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Boukman- Voudou priest, led 12,000
slaves in rebellion killed white settlers,
burned their homes, destroyed
plantations
Toussaint L’Ouveture
Leads a Revolution
in Haiti
(1804)
TOUSSAINT-LOUVERTURE 1744-1803 “BLACK
GEORGE WASHINGTON”
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Former slave
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Skilled organizer, and military
commander, wrote constitution 1801
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In 1802 he was captured , then died in
French prison
OUTCOMES OF HAITIAN REVOLUTION
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Only successful slave rebellion in
history !
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In 1804 Haiti was declared
independent ( the 1 st republic in Latin
America)
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US did not recognize the new republic
CAUSES OF LATIN AMERICAN WARS OF
INDEPENDENCE
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Inspired by the Enlightenment
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Tensions between Creoles &
peninsulares
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Napoleon invaded Europe causing
confusion and & opportunity to rebel
Napoleon on the March
Provides a model & a diversion!
Simón Bolivar:
The Latin American George
Washington”
 Creole who was
inspired by
Enlightenment
 Led military
campaigns against
Venezuela,
Colombia, Ecuador,
Peru
 Tried to unify S.
America into Gran
Colombia
Bolivar’s Accomplishment
The Caribbean:
An “American Lake”
EFFECTS OF LATIN AMERICAN WARS OF
INDEPENDENCE
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Free from Spain by 1825
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Power continued to be in the hands of Elite( caudillos, Creoles, military leaders)
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“More independence than freedom”
THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL REVOLUTION IN THE
CARIBBEAN AND SOUTH AMERICA WAS
LAUNCHED IN:
A.
Haiti
B. Argentina
C. Cuba
D. Colombia
E. Jamaica
IN LEADING THE REVOLUTIONS OF SOUTH
AMERICA, SIMON BOLIVAR ADVOCATED
A. that Spanish colonial rule be replaced with an indigenous monarchy
B. that ethnic nationalism be the basis of the new states
C. the popular sovereignty
D. the abolition of slavery and full male suffrage
E. all of the above
REVOLUTIONS IN LATIN AMERICA WERE
FREQUENTLY A POWER STRUGGLE BETWEEN
WHAT TWO GROUPS?
A. masters and slaves
B. peninsulares and creoles
C. European and indigenous peoples
D. Europeans and mestizos
E. colonial militias and European mercenaries
IN LATIN AMERICA, LEADERS WHO WERE
CALLED CAUDILLOS
A. were those most sympathetic to the old regimes
B. ruled without the cooperation of the church
C. were personalist leaders who held power without constitutional sanction
D. were chosen by popular election
E. were the sons of rich industrialists