Transcript 1. dia - esteri.it

The Hungarian Energy Policy 2007-2020
and the Renewable Energy Situation
Dr. Poós Miklós
director
Ministry of Economy and Transport, Energy Department
Institute of Italian Culture, Budapest
29 November 2007
The Hungarian Energy Policy 2007-2020
The energy policy connections with other strategies
MoET Strategy
(2007-2010)
Climate
Change
Strategy
Renewable
Strategy
Sustainable
Development
Strategy
Hungarian
Energy
Energy
Policy
policy
2007-2020
Energy
Efficiency
Strategy
And
Action Plan
Biofuels
Strategy
Sustainable
Transportation
Strategy
Others
Like
liberalisation
The main pillars of the energy policy
Security of Supply
Competitiveness
Sustainability
Energy policy as a framework strategy
• „The Hungarian Energy Policy 2007-2020” document
yesterday was approved by the Government!
Next step: Parliamentary discussion and approval.
• The document is a framework strategy. The detailed policies
and measures in other sub-strategic like the follows:
Hungarian Renewable Energy Strategy 2007-2020
National Strategy on Energy Efficiency
and Energy Efficiency Action Plan
Security of Supply
Objective
To maintain and
improve the
continuity and
security of energy
supply.
Sections
 Energy mix
 Energy import
diversification
 Strategic energy stocks
 Infrastructure developments
 Supply for the people,
social responsibility
Competitiveness
Objective
Contribution of
the energy sector
to increase the
economic
competitiveness
of Hungary.
Sections
 Liberalized energy markets,
integration to the EU
internal energy market
 Energy prices
 Technological development
and R+D
Sustainability
Objective
To enforce the
principles of
sustainable
development.
Sections
 Energy efficiency, energy saving
 Renewable energy sources
 Climate change: connections
between energy and climate
policies
 Connections between energyand transport policies
Renewable Energy Situation in
Hungary
Renewable energy situation
Share of RES in TPES
in Hungary and in the EU
%
The EU-25 average
is about 50 % higher
than in Hungary.
7
6.3
6
6.0
5.6
5
5.8
5.7
5.1
4.7
4.4
4.3
4
3.7
3.4
3
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.5
2.6
EU 25
2
Hungary
1
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Green electricity developments in Hungary
GWh
Electricity Consumption and Share of RES Based
Electricity Production in Hungary
%
44000
6
42000
5
4.5
40000
3.7
38000
34000
4
3
2.3
36000
0.7
0.6
2
0.8
1
32000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
• In relevant EU
Directive the
Hungarian indicative
target is 3,6% by
2010.
• A We have reached
already (in 2005) this
target, mainly with fuel
change from coal to
biomasse in some
power stations.
The renewable source structure in green electricity
Turn out new
energy plantation
„energy crops”
•Biomass (crop)
•Biogas
•Hydro
•Wind
•Biomass (from
forest)
Shares of different renewable sources
Biomass
38.3%
Geothermal
6.6%
Community
waste
3.6%
Biofuel
1.7%
Hydro
1.2%
Biogas
0.8%
Wind
0.3%
Firewood
47.4%
Data in 2005
Solar
0.2%
• The dominant fuel is
biomass, accounting to
almost 90% of total RES
contribution
• Biomass is followed by
geothermal energy and
communal waste.
• It is expected that wind
energy will increase in
importance in the future
when 330 MW of wind
farms licensed in March
2006 are commissioned .
Significance of various RES I.
Biomass
• Hungary has a significant potential for sustainable
production of biomass, with 5 M hectares of productive
farmland and 3 M hectares of forest.
• Since 2000 rapid utilisation of solid biomass in electricity
generation: round-wood is co-fired in old coal-fired power
stations, but with very low efficiency.
• Solid biomass is almost fully utilised, demand for wood
used in electricity generation increased prices in market
for wood.
• Further increase in supply is only possible by increased
use of waste wood, or the introduction of ‘energy crops’.
Significance of various RES II.
Biomass for Transport
• Share is still low, but increasing (by 2020 10%)
• Reflecting the structure of agriculture, focus is on bio-ethanol
•
•
from cereal plant, and on bio-diesel from sunflower seeds and
rapeseed.
Hungary has surplus production of about 3 M tonnes of cereal
(in a normal year), which can not be exported due to WTO and
EU CAP Reform restrictions. Government expects that
decreasing contributions of agriculture to food supply and
exports will be compensated for by switching agricultural
production to energy crops, by saving farmers’ jobs and
preserving social and economic structures in rural areas.
A number of new investments in bio-ethanol production are
under way, the sector has a strong appeal to foreign investors.
A large part of biofuel production is expected to be exported.
Significance of various RES III.
Geothermal energy
• Hungary has abundant resources of geothermal low-temperature
energy in the form of warm/hot water. Due to high salt content of water
the brine must be reinjected to avoid environmental damage. This limits
its potential.
Wind
• So far a minor contributor to RES based production, but the support
regime has generated a strong investment interest in the last few years.
• Due to grid safety concern the regulator limited capacity and access for
new wind installations to a total of 330 MW in the next few years.
• New licences will be permitted as the integration of weather–dependent
RES into the grid is secured.
Hydro
• Hungary is a flat country, with low available hydro resources.
Support of RES based electricity generation
• A generous feed-in tariff has been in place since the Electricity Act
•
•
•
2001, with priority access to the grid. Feed-in tariffs are valid until
2010.
A licence from the HEO is required to receive the feed-in tariff.
The volume of supported electricity and the duration of the feed-in
tariff in the licence is limited by the HEO, to avoid subsidy after the
investment has been fully recovered.
The feed-in tariff was set by Parliament at 8,21 euro cent, subject to
be indexed yearly by CPI. Today it is 9,5 cent/kWh which is 80%
higher than the average electricity wholesale price.
Support of biofuel for transport through
taxation
• From 1 July 2007 a tax reduction to 0% excise
tax applied for biofuels blended up to 4.4% of
the volume of gasoline.
• From 1 January 2008 same tax exemption will
apply to 4,4% of biodiesel blended into diesel.
• Fuel distribution companies not complying with
the 4,4% requirement pay extra tax of HUF 8 per
litre at the wholesale level.
Investment support for RES
• Direct investment support for RES is available
through EEOP, financed from EU Structural
Funds. Between 2007-2013 250Meuro is
available for supporting RES projects.
• Under the II. National Development Plan
sustainable solid biomass production forms will
be supported, such as pellets and wood chips.
Renewable energy: target numbers
In Total Primary Energy Supply by 2020:
14-16%
Biofuels:
2010: 5,75%
2013: 8%
2020: 10%
Thank you very much for your attention
La ringrazio molto per la vostra attenzione
www.gkm.gov.hu
[email protected]