Transcript EOC Test Preparation: End of the Cold War and Modern America

EOC Test Preparation: End of the
Cold War and Modern America
Conservatism, Reagan, Cold War
• Conservatism
– 1960s
– Traditional values, opposed to big government,
private property rights, strong military against
communism
Conservatism, Reagan, Cold War
• 1964 Election
– Barry Goldwater won the
nomination for Republican
candidate
• But Johnson (Dem.) won
– Goldwater’s run proved that many
people favored conservatism,
showed that the Republicans were a
strong party, and that the southern
states approved of his stance on CRs
Conservatism, Reagan, Cold War
• Ronald Reagan
– Actor, charismatic, conservative
– 1966: won election for governor of CA
– 1976: ran for president but lost nomination to
Gerald Ford
– 1980: ran for president again and won against
President Jimmy Carter
Conservatism, Reagan, Cold War
• Reaganomics
– Plan based on supply-side
economics
• Economy would be stimulated
and would recover quickly if
supply of goods increased
• Cut taxes and encouraged certain
business to achieve this goal
• Aka “tickle-down theory”
– Wealth and benefits of owners
would “trickle down” to consumers
and working class
Conservatism, Reagan, Cold War
• National Debt
– Reagan believed that role
of gov. needed to
decrease and US military
needed to be stronger
• So: spending money on
military but cutting taxes
and decreasing regulation
• Massive spending + less
revenue from taxes =
DEBT.
Reagan and the “Evil Empire”
• “Evil Empire” = USSR
• Reagan believed the arms
race would help the US
while hurting the USSR
• Reagan and Gorbachev
– Mikhail Gorbachev was the
leader of the USSR
– Formed a friendship and
signed a treaty to reduce the
number of US and Soviet
missiles in Europe
Iron Curtain
• Gorbachev established glasnot (political
openness)and perestroika (allowing limited free
enterprise—capitalism)
• Eastern Europe communist nations had
collapsed…seemed like USSR was next
• Nov. 9, 1989
– East German gov. allowed people to travel freely to
West Berlin.
– Germans began to tear down the Berlin Wall
– End of the Cold War
• USSR dissolved a few years later
The Legacy of Reagan
• Reagan committed US troops to
Lebanon for UN peacekeeping mission
– Over 200 soldiers died, pulled troops
out w/o reaching peace
• Iran-Contra Affair
– Officials secretly sold weapons to Iran
in exchange for US hostages being held
in the Middle East
• Used $$ to fund anti-communist rebels in
Nicaragua (Contras)
• Still, he left office as a very popular
president
Events and Issues (1990-200)
• George H. W. Bush
– Was Reagan’s VP
before becoming
president
• Persian Gulf War
– 1990: Saddam
Hussein invaded
Kuwait, made US
nervous (oil fields)
– Bush and UN
formed alliance of
28 countries that
took military action
– 4 day war, liberated
Kuwait
Events and Issues (1990-200)
• Foreign Oil
– US dependent on
foreign oil
– Most citizens wanted
to drill at home to fix
the issue
• Environmental concerns
• Pursue alternative fuels
Events and Issues (1990-200)
• Election of 1992
– Bill Clinton wins
– “New Democrat”: moderate
rather than liberal
Clinton’s Presidency
• Economic & Domestic Affairs
– Went from budget deficit to surplus
– NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)
passed
• Free trade (no restrictions) between US, Canada,
Mexico
• Fear of labor unions
– Tried to fix healthcare system…
“Contract with America” and 1994
Election
• Republicans gained control of House and
Senate in ’94.
• Contract with America
– Newt Gingrich, Speaker of the House
– Pledge by conservatives to scale back role of gov.,
cut taxes, balance budget.
“Contract with America” and 1994
Election
• Clinton, Gingrich, and the budget battle
– Couldn’t compromise over budget-cuts
• Gov. shut down
– Shut down actually improved Clinton’s ratings
• People believed republicans and Congress were the
most responsible for shut down
• Welfare reform
– Placed new restrictions on entitlements and
scaled back social spending
• This helped Clinton win 1996 election
Scandal and Impeachment
• Paula Jones and Monica Lewinsky
– Sexual harassment and sexual relationship
– Clinton lied about both incidents
• Dec. 19, 1998 House voted to impeach
Clinton.
– 2nd president to be impeached
– Senate acquit him
2000 Election
• Closest election ever
– George W. Bush and Al
Gore
• Florida
• Supreme Court had to
rule to stop any future
recounts of ballots
• Tensions high between
Dems and GOP.
The US and Middle East
The US and the Middle East
• War on Terror
• Saddam and WMDs (2003)
– Invade Afghanistan and Iraq
• 1978 Camp David Accords
– Settle tensions between
Egypt and Israel
• 2011 multiple
uprising/revolutions in ME
Issues at Home
• Immigration
• Economic disparity
– Difference in wealth
between different groups
of people
• Real Estate Crisis
• Taxes
– Cut or raise them?
• Globalization
EOC BOOKWORK
• P. 224-226
– #s 1-10 multiple choice