Transcript The End to a Century - Hudson Falls Central School District

The End to a Century
Four Decades of
Somewhat Calm
1968-2008
LBJ’s Great Society – Welfare Reform
Medicaid
Medicare
– Aid to the Poor
– Care for the
Elderly
Food Stamps Program
Most of the programs failed because of money being spent on defense
(WAR!)
Affirmative Action Confirmed
• University of
California v.
Bakke
• Bakke sued
university that his
rights were being
violated by the
mandatory
admission program
that required a
quota of minority
students be
admitted
• After being
beaten by the
Police at the
Stonewall Inn,
Homosexual
people began to
riot and for a
movement to
gain equality.
American Indian Movement
• Indians protested at
Alcatraz and Wounded
Knee in order to reach
equality
Manson Family Cult convicted of
Tate-LaBianca Murders
Helter Skelter
Roe v. Wade
Title IX
Watergate Scandal
•
•
•
•
•
G. Gordon Liddy headed the Committee to Re-Elect the President (CREEP)
Authorized to fund a “black-ops” info finding mission against the Democratic
Party
In attempt to wire-tap the DNC office at the Watergate Hotel burglars were
arrested
Through investigative journalism led by Woodward & Bernstein of the
Washington Post Nixon and his administration were implicated
House moved to impeach, but recently reelected President Nixon resigned
before the vote
* Interesting note – Fred Thompson served on the investigative Watergate Committee
The Un-Elected President
Gerald Ford
1976 Bicentennial
OPEC Oil
Embargo
• Organization of
Petroleum
Exporting
Countries
• Reaction to U.S.
support of Israel
in the Yom
Kippur War
Jimmy Carter
Wins Election
• Inherits Inflation
Problems
• Stagflation –
combination of
decrease in value
of money and low
corporate output
• Banned the use of DDT
• Response to Rachel Carson’s Silent
Spring
– A “strange stillness” had replaced the sound
of birds
NOW, led by Betty Friedan,
marched for support of the ERA
Luke Saved the
Galaxy
Travolta Lit Up the
Disco Stage
Elvis
Overdosed
Harvey Milk became the first
openly gay elected official in San
Francisco – he was later
assassinated
Jonestown Massacre
• Over 900 followers of the People’s Temple
Cult and the Reverend James Jones
committed mass murder/suicide
Tom Wolfe refers to the 1970s
as the “ME” Decade
Carter’s “Finest Hour”
Camp David Accords summit with Anwar Sadat,
Menachem Begin - 2 Frameworks: Sinai
returned to Egypt, West Bank and Gaza,
"autonomy" to PLO
Détente
Continues
• China’s Ruler
Deng Xiaoping
visits the U.S.
and the Harlem
Globetrotters
SALT II – Limited ICBMs
Love Canal, NY
• Sited for having tons of toxic waste
China Syndrome Eerily Mirrors
Reality as Three Mile Island Reactor
Nears Melt Down
Iran-Hostage
Crisis
• U.S. sponsored
government in
Iran is
overthrown by
the Ayatollah
Khomeni
• Student
Protestors take
hostages at US
Embassy
U.S.
Boycotts
1980
Summer
Olympics in
Moscow to
Protest
Communism
“Do You believe in Miracles?”
Ronald
Reagan Wins
the 1980
Election
• “Are you better off
than you were 4
years ago?”
• Electoral Votes
486-49
• Former Actor and
governor of
California
• “Win one for the
Gipper!”
$16 million
Inauguration
(Ordered 3.5
tons of jelly
belly’s)
Reagan becomes Hero Freeing
Iran Hostages
Shift in Politics toward
CONSERVATISM
Cold War Heats Up
• Support
Mujahedeen
in Afghanistan
against the
Soviet Union
• Send Stinger
missiles
• Support
Dictators like
Ferdinand
Marcos in the
Philippines
"Our reluctance for conflict should
not be misjudged as a failure of will.
When action is required to preserve
our national security, we will act."
• U.S. becomes the
global arms
merchant selling
fighters and weapons
to the world
• (Remember the
“military-industrial
complex”
Eisenhower warned
against?)
“Rawhide” is Shot!
James Brady was shot. A future
gun control bill would be named
after him.
Reagan places first female onto
Supreme Court
Sandra Day O’Connor
G.I. Joe Rereleased
“…we have moved to reconstruct our national
defenses. We intend to keep the peace--we will
also keep our freedom."
1982 – Relinquish Iraq from
sanctions and begin selling arms to
them to support their war against
Iran
Urged
Americans not
to ignore "the
aggressive
impulses of an
evil empire."
• SDI – Strategic Defense
Initiative
– Missile/Laser Defense
system to destroy nuclear
attack in the atmosphere
– “Star Wars”
May of 1983 Return of the Jedi hit
the Box Offices
1983
Television
special
showed the
effects of an
imagined
nuclear attack
Israel attacked Lebanon and
Reagan sent troops to keep the
Peace. October 1983 a terrorist
drove a van full of explosives into
the Marine barracks.
Invasion of Grenada
1984 Election
Geraldine Ferraro runs
for VP
Gary Hart loses lead
after Scandal
The Boss yells at
Reagan for using his
anti-Vietnam song as
a political campaign
song.
Video Killed the Radio Star
The Era of Big Government is Over!
• Supply-Side Economics (Trickle Down Theory/Voodoo
Economics)
• Tax cuts provide more money for use in saving and
investing
• Mostly benefited the wealthy who were supposed to
invest their increased profits in more jobs and production
Deregulation
Cut back on government regulations in
airlines, technology, phone services, etc.
would hopefully stimulate the economy
after the 1982 recession. (Also, increase
federal insurance for Savings & Loans.)
Endorsed by Ronald Reagan, Tom
Clancy wrote his first Cold War
thriller
Raised the spector fo the
Japanese taking over the
American economy
Bernhard Goetz – “Subway
Vigilante”
Nancy
Reagan
initiates
the “Just
Say No”
campaign
against
drug use
geared
toward
youth
Achille Lauro was hijacked
Shiites Hijack TWA 847
Gorbachev Replaces Chernenko
and starts Glasnost (“Openness”)
and Perestroika (“Restructuring”)
“Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this
wall!”
Challenger Disaster
Iran-Contra Affair Broadcast on TV
• NSC applied money gained from selling weapons to Iran
in order to fund the Contra opposition forces in
Nicaragua
Did the president know?
• “I do not recall.”
Ronald Reagan makes first
mention of the AIDS Epidemic
But won’t meet with Ryan White
1st Trillion $ budget
Total Debt $2 Trillion
GNP $5 Trillion Dollars
“Greed is Healthy”
• Michael
Milken
become
the “Junk
Bond
King”
Black Monday October 19th 1987
• Stock Market Crashed by more than 25%, larger
than in 1929.
– Thank goodness for consumer spending!
George Bush “the elder” wins
election of 1988
“A Thousand Points of Light”
In November 1989, the Berlin Wall
Opened for Good!
• Triumph of Solidarity in Poland marked the
beginning of the fall
• Boris Yeltsin wins first free elections in
Russia in 1991
Manuel Noriega is taken from
leadership in Panama by American
Troops
Bush reversed campaign pledge
and supported bipartisan bill to raise
taxes
When hundreds of Savings and Loans
banks went bankrupt in the 1980s, the
U.S. government bailed them out by
transferring about $500 billion from
U.S. taxpayers to a select group of
extremely rich, powerful people.
The industry was deregulated under the Reagan/Bush administration and restrictions
were eased on the industry so much that abuse and misuse of funds became easy,
rampant, and went unchecked. Each of the Bush family benefited from this payout.
Iraq Invades Kuwait August 2, 1989
Operation Desert Storm Launched
January 16, 1990
Bush announced at 9 pm Feb. 28
"Kuwait is liberated. Iraq's army is
defeated. I am pleased to
announce that at midnight tonight,
exactly 100 hours since ground
operations began and six weeks
since the start of Operation Desert
Storm, all United States and
coalition forces will suspend
offensive operations."
The beating of Rodney King by four LA police Mar. 3
was captured on videotape, riots would break out May 12, 1992, after an all-white jury acquitted the four
policemen, and Bush mobilized 5000 Marines and troops
to help the National Guard restore order. Like rap music,
the Rodney King videotape expressed in the mass
media the frustration and anger of the urban poor.
Ice T advocated murdering police in his "Cop Killer" of 1992
Riots break out in response to
King’s Trial
Clarence Thomas Approved for
Supreme Court
Bill Clinton Wins 1992 Election
WTC Bombing 1993 (Jan. 26)
David Koresh and 95 followers of his
Branch Davidian cult in Waco, TX
committed suicide or burned to death
in the fire caused by an attack by FBI
armored vehicles April 19, 1993
Hillary Clinton pushed for Universal
Health Care
• Could not overcome the established power of the health
lobbies or the fears of socialized anything in the postCold War era.
Clinton announced July 19 the
"Don't ask, don't tell, don't pursue"
policy to allow gays to serve in the
military
George Bush sent some
marines in Op. Restore
Hope to protect relief
missions, but warlord
Mohamed Aidid would
not concede control of
Mogadishu. After 17
Rangers were killed in
Mogadishu Oct. 3,
portrayed in the Black
Hawk Down book and
film, Clinton within 6
months withdrew
American forces from
Somalia.
N.A.F.T.A.
• North American Free Trade Agreement
– Ended tariffs with Canada and Mexico to
increase production
– Factories moved to Maquiladoras across
Mexican-American border
O.J.
“If the glove does not fit
you must acquit”
Midterm Elections of 1994
a Setback
• Republicans used
their Contract with
America to win the
midterm election Nov.
9 to gain control of the
Senate 53-47 and the
House 230-204 for the
first time since 1954,
and Newt Gingrich
would become the
Speaker of the House
Oklahoma City
Bombing
• April 19, 1995
• Timothy
McVeigh
• Domestic
Terrorism
• Many Children
Killed
The FBI arrested Ted Kaczynski,
The UnaBomber
Too Many Scandals
Kenneth Starr was
appointed to
Independent Counsel
to investigate the death
of the deputy White
House counsel Vince
Foster and the
Whitewater land
transactions by
President Bill Clinton.
IMPEACHMENT!!!
• The House voted to impeach Clinton Dec. 19,
1998
• The trial, which ran from Jan. 7 to Feb. 12, 1999,
ended in the president's acquittal on the two
charges against him, perjury and obstruction of
justice
Response to
Embassy Bombings
in Africa
• America fired a
volley of more than
70 cruise missiles in
August at guerrilla
training camps in
Afghanistan
• Bombed chemical
plant in the Sudan
reportedly operated
by the Saudi
multimillionaire
Osama bin Laden
DOT.COM
Clinton overrides New Deal
Banking regulations
George W. Bush (47.8%) defeated
Al Gore (48.3%) and Ralph Nader
(2.7%) in the presidential election
Nov. 6
Bush v. Gore
• Election undecided for 5
weeks due to conflicting
counts of the Florida ballots
• U.S. v. Florida - Supreme
Court Dec. 12 overruled the
Florida state court decision
to recount, giving Florida's
25 electoral votes
• Gore won 500,000 more
popular votes than Bush
nationwide
•Regents Hint: Sometimes the popular winner does not win the
Electoral College [Inherit problem with the Electoral College]
9/11 – Let Us Not Forget
Congress approves Patriot Act to
support War on Terrorism
Homeland Security add to the Cabinet
War on Terrorism
• Commission
finds Osama Bin
Laden and Al
Queda
responsible for
WTC Bombing
• Attack
Afghanistan to
destroy the
Taliban who
support Al
Queda
Extend War on terrorism into Iraq
• Weapons of
Mass
Destruction
• Supporter of
Terrorists
• UN Weapons
Inspectors
Report finds no
evidence: Bush
loses
Coalition/UN
support
May 17th, 2004
• Massachusetts Supreme Court decided it
was a violation of the state constitution to
deny same-sex couples access to
marriage
• Election Day 2008 – California voters
revoked this same right
Federal Reserve Gains Control
over Economy
• Controls
Interest Rates
& Production of
Currency in
order to make
monetary
policy
Alan Greenspan
The New World Economy
World Trade Organization
Social Security?
Will There be Enough?
Should We Privatize?
Housing Boom!
• Banks offer low interest rates on
mortgages and “subprime” rates for those
with lower income.
• Suburbs expand into the “BIG” houses of
new construction
• Interest Rates rise suddenly and many
people cannot afford the raise in the cost
of their monthly mortgage
“Too Big To Fail”
• Investment banks like AIG, Lehman
Brothers, Bank of America begin to fail as
their investments in unsafe mortgage
protections bottom out.
Government Rescues
Economy?
• End of Bush presidency the government
passed a multi-trillion dollar bill to assist
our economy from falling into too deep of
an recession.
• Unemployment Rate currently 9.4%
Barack Obama is elected to the
presidency - 2008