Transcript Documenting the Realities: The What, Where, How, When, and

Documenting the Realities:
The What, Where, How, When,
and Who of Bullying
Jessica Murphy, Fay Lamarra, Elizabeth Navarrete
WHAT IS BULLYING?
 Verbal taunts/threats
 Property damage/theft
 Written messages
 Rumor spreading
 Social exclusion
 Cyber-bullying
 Sexual harassment
- VERBAL
- PHYSICAL
- RELATIONAL
WHAT DOES BULLYING CAUSE?
 Psychological effects
 Effects on education
 Effects on drug and alcohol consumption
 School danger increase
HOW OFTEN DOES BULLYING
HAPPEN?
 Studies give different results
 Average of 1 in 3 students have been bullied
 10-15% of youth claim to have been bullied on a regular
basis
 23% of elementary school children say they are bullied
1-3 times a month
 2/3rd of teens report that they have been verbally or
physically harassed or assaulted
WHERE?
 Most bullying occurs at school
 Usually in places with little or no adult supervision (such as
hallways & playgrounds)
 44% of middle schools reported bullying problems, compared
to 20% of elementary & high schools
 Bullying increases from elementary school, peaks in middle
school, and lowers slightly in high school
 Students in grades 8-11 reported that sexual harassment
could occur anywhere in school, but mostly in the classroom,
hallways, gym, or play area
 Students can be targeted by bullies for
any perceived or actual trait, such as:
 physical appearance & clothing
 gender or sexual orientation
 race/ethnicity
 physical ability
 intellectual ability
 family's income level
 family's religion
WHO?
Girls*
usually bully other girls
aggression
usually use verbal & relational
bullying
more likely to be targets of sexual
bullying/harassment
more likely to be called
gender-based insults
more likely to report feeling unsafe
in school
girls in middle school
who mature early are bullied
Boys*
more likely to be perpetrators
& targets of physical
more likely to sexually bully/harass
other students
more likely to be called racial/
ethnic insults
boys who appear “weak”
considered easy targets
more likely to carry weapons
to school
*studies did not include data for students who might
identify as a gender “other” than girl or boy
WHO? Cont.
 10% of middle/high school students have had a hate
term used against them
 Targets for bullying are usually students with few friends, few
social skills, or those who are considered to be outsiders or
“different” in some way
 Students with ADD or ADHD are more likely to be both bullies
& targets
 Latino/a students are more likely than white or black students
to experience race-based harassment
WHO? Cont.
 7 in 10 students frequently hear “gay” used as an insult to
mean stupid, weak, or “uncool”
 19% of boys have been called “gay” by their peers
 Students who are openly LGBT report more bullying &
harassment
 Many are targeted because other students perceive them to
be gay, not because they actually are gay
 8 in 10 LGBT students have been harassed in school; 1 in 5
assaulted at school
 1 in 3 LGBT youths have attempted suicide; 4 times higher
than the rate for other youths
“Bullying is just a kid thing…
they’ll grow out of it”
What can all this bullying result in?
 although bullying declines slightly in high school,
criminal incidents increase
 rape, assault with/without a weapon, robbery/theft,
vandalism
 60% of boys who persistently bullied others in school had a
criminal conviction by age 24
 U.S. Department of Education found that in 3/4ths of student
school shootings, the shooter acted out of anger/revenge for
being bullied, harassed, or ostracized in school
REACTIONS TO BULLIES
 Is this a serious problem?
 What do students think of this?
 What do teachers think of this?
 Bystanders
HOW MUCH DO WE NOT KNOW?
 Between 1/3rd & ½ of bullying cases go unreported
 Do students report bullying?
 Who reports least often?
 What is the school’s view?
 Gap between teachers knowledge & student’s opinion
 Instances of bullying have increased since the 90s,
but in reality only the awareness & documentation of
bullying has increased
CONCLUSIONS
 Where it happens
 Who it targets
 Results
 Psychological
 Criminal
 Documentation & research
REFERENCES
 Orpinas & Horne, Bullying Prevention, 2006
 Murray Thomas, What schools Ban and Why, 2008
 BullyingStatistics.org
 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
 How-to-stop-bullying.com
 Center for Disease Control’s Youth Risk Behavior Survey
 American Association of University Women
 U.S. Department of Education
 Itgetsbetter.org
 Stopbullying.gov
 GLSEN, From Teasing to Torment, 2005