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Explosive Production of New Materials (EPNM – 2008) Comparative Tensile Strength and Shear Strength of Detaclad Explosion Clad Products Curtis Prothe Andy Vargo Technical Manager DMC Clad Metal Mt. Braddock, PA R&D Engineer DMC Clad Metal Mt. Braddock, PA EPNM - 2008 Comparative Tensile Strength and Shear Strength of Detaclad Explosion Clad Products Introduction Experimental Procedure Test Results and Discussion Conclusions EPNM - 2008 Comparative Tensile Strength and Shear Strength of Detaclad Explosion Clad Products Cladding metal thickness typically too thin for tensile test coupon Clad specifications do not require clad tensile testing or identify minimum strength requirements Shear testing is common, but clad tensile strength data limited EPNM - 2008 Shear Strength Specification Requirements Clad Specification Materials Minimum Shear Strength (Mpa) ASTM/ASME A263, A264, A265 Stainless Steel and Nickel Alloys ASTM B-432 Copper and Copper Alloy 85 Reactive Metals (Ti, Zr) 137.9 ASTM B-898 140 EPNM - 2008 Crude Distillation Column Internal components attached to column walls Tensile strength data supports analysis of direct attachment to the clad surface EPNM - 2008 Comparative Tensile Strength and Shear Strength of Detaclad Explosion Clad Products Testing program initiated by DMC to investigate clad tensile strength Test broad range of clad combinations Compare results with cladding metal and base metal mechanical properties and shear strength data EPNM - 2008 Comparative Tensile Strength and Shear Strength of Detaclad Explosion Clad Products Test material selected from production plates produced at DMC between Jan-Jul 07 Cladding metal thickness>=9.5mm Heat treatment = production plate HT Tests machined and tested from same test block Shear Subsize Clad Tensile (6.4mm gauge diameter) Base Metal Tensile EPNM - 2008 Comparative Tensile Strength and Shear Strength of Detaclad Explosion Clad Products Clad Test Materials Cladding Metals Base Metals Stainless Steels / Nickel Alloys: 304L, 316L, 410S, Alloy 400, 2205, 2507 Duplex SS SA 516-70 Carbon Steel Copper Alloys: Naval Brass, 70-30 CuNi SA 516-70 Carbon Steel Titanium: Grade 1, 11, 17 SA 516-70 Carbon Steel SA 266-4 Carbon Steel Forging SA 240-304L and 316L SS EPNM - 2008 Comparative Tensile Strength and Shear Strength of Detaclad Explosion Clad Products EPNM - 2008 Comparative Tensile Strength and Shear Strength of Detaclad Explosion Clad Products EPNM - 2008 Comparative Tensile Strength and Shear Strength of Detaclad Explosion Clad Products EPNM - 2008 Shear Strength vs. Tensile Strength 650 600 Tensile strength (Mpa) 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 Shear strength (Mpa) Stainless/Nickel Alloy - Base Metal Copper Alloy - Bond Zone Titanium Gr 1 / CS - Bond Zone SA516-70 Minimum Tensile Strength Copper alloys - Base Metal Copper Alloy - Clad Metal Titanium Gr1 / SS - Bond Zone Ti Gr 1 Tensile Minimum 600 650 EPNM - 2008 Stainless Steel and Nickel Alloy Shear Strength vs. Tensile Strength 650 600 Tensile Strength (Mpa) 550 500 450 400 350 300 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 Shear Strength (Mpa) Stainless / Nickel Alloy Base Metal Tensile SA 516-70 Min Tensile 650 EPNM - 2008 Copper Alloy Shear Strength vs. Tensile Strength 700 Tensile Strength (Mpa) 600 500 400 300 200 100 100 150 200 250 300 350 Shear Strength (Mpa) Cu Alloy - Cladding Metal Cu Alloy - Base Metal Cu Alloy - Clad Interface Cu Alloy Tensile Strength 400 450 EPNM - 2008 Titanium Clad Shear Strength vs. Tensile Strength 600 550 500 Tensile Strength (Mpa) 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 100 150 200 250 300 350 Shear Strength (Mpa) Titanium - CS Titanium - SS Ti Gr1 Tensile 400 EPNM - 2008 Comparative Tensile Strength and Shear Strength of Detaclad Explosion Clad Products Conclusions: Clad tensile strength > clad shear strength Tensile strength of SS, nickel alloy explosion weld > carbon steel tensile strength Clad tensile strength of Cu alloy and titanium clad well above minimum tensile strength of cladding metals Good correlation between base metal through thickness and transverse tensile strength All of the base metal tensile tests after cladding were compliant