Transcript 9.3 Getting Energy to Make ATP

9.3 Getting Energy to Make
ATP
Cellular Respiration
Fermentation
Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
Process by which mitochondria break
down food to make ATP
3 Steps of Cellular Respiration
1. __________________
2. _______________ (Krebs Cycle)
3. ___________________________
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1st stage: Anaerobic 2–3 stages: Aerobic
Glycolysis = No Oxygen
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Series of chemical rxns in the cytoplasm that
breaks down _____________, a 6 carbon
compound, into 2 molecules of
________________, a 3 carbon compound.
2ATP used to start glycolysis and 4ATP produced
= not efficient source of energy
What is the net ATP produced? #NADH?
#Hydrogens?
Citric Acid Cycle = Oxygen
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Pyruvic acid from the cytoplasm moves into the
______________.
Before it can begin the CAC, it must undergo
some changes before it enters the
_______________________.
Pyruvic acid gives off a molecule of ______ and
combines with coenzyme A, to form
________________.
Acetyl-CoA produces NADH and H+ and this
begins the ____________________________.
Citric Acid Cycle continued
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1: Acetyl CoA reacts with 4C compound to form a Citric Acid (4 + 2
= __C)
2: CO2 produced, converting a 6C molecule to a ___C molecule.
(6-1 = __) During this time NADH and H+ is produced.
3: Another molecule of CO2 released, makes a 4C compound, 1
ATP, and 1 NADH
4: 4C compound goes through a series of reactions and produces
FADH2, NADH, and H+
Carbon chain rearranged and starts all over again when set up with
Acetyl – CoA
(NAD + and FAD are used as electron carriers for the ETC of the
mitochondria)
For every turn of the cycle 1 ATP and 2 CO2 molecules produced
Electron Transport Chain
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Inner membrane of the mitochondrion
1: _______and _______deliver energized electrons to the
mitochondrial membrane
2: Electrons are passed from protein to protein, releasing
_______along the way. Some of the energy is used directly to form
________ or H+ ions into mitochondria.
Inside becomes __________charged, so outside the membrane
becomes ____________. This drives the energy for _________
production
3. Final electron acceptor = Oxygen. It reacts with 4 H+ and 4
electrons to form 2 ______ molecules.
Adds _______ ATP molecules to the 4 already produced.
Why is oxygen so important to the process?
Lactic Acid Fermentation
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Follows glycolysis and provides a means of producing
ATP until oxygen is readily available
Aerobic or anaerobic?_______________________
2 molecules of _______________ produced in glycolysis
use NADH to form 2 molecules of _______________.
Releases NAD+ and 2 ATP for each _____________
molecule
Lactic acid is transferred from muscle cells, to the liver
that converts it back to pyruvic acid. Lactic acid that
builds up in muscle cells = muscle ______________.
Alcoholic Fermentation
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Used by yeast cells and some bacteria to
produce _______ and ______________.
Glucose Glycolysis (2 pyruvic acids) 
carbon dioxide + alcohol + 2 ATP
Efficient?_________________________
Comparison of Photosynthesis and
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
(Chloroplasts)
_________synthesized
Energy from sun stored in
___________________
____________ given off
Produces sugars from PGAL
Requires _____________
Occurs only in presence of
____________________
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Cellular Respiration
(Mitochondria)
__________ broken down
Energy of _______ released
______________ taken in
Produces _____________
and _______________
Does not require ________
Occurs in all living _______
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Comparison of Fermentation
To
Cellular Respiration
Lactic Acid
Alcoholic
Cellular Respiration
Glucose
Glucose
Glucose
Glycolysis (pyruvic acid) Glycolysis (pyruvic acid) Glycolysis (pyruvic acid)
____________
CO2 + __________
CO2 + H20
=_______
= __________
= __________
Homework/Classwork
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WS 9.3
9.3 Section Assessment Q1 and 5 pg 237
Photosynthesis/Cellular Respiration Flow
Chart – Fill in with a partner