Airpower Through The Post Cold War (Part 2)

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Overview

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Video Clip/Beyond the Wild Blue Operation PROVIDE COMFORT/NORTHERN WATCH

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Background to conflict and lessons learned

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Operation SOUTHERN WATCH

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Background to conflict and lessons learned

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Operation PROVIDE RELIEF/RESTORE HOPE

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Background to conflict and lessons learned

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“Beyond the Wild Blue”

Video

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“Beyond the Wild Blue”

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The Crisis in Iraq

UN Security Council established a “no-fly zone” over northern Iraq to protect the Kurdish people from attacks by Saddam Hussein Operation Provide Comfort began on 5 Apr 91 as a humanitarian relief effort to deliver food, clothing, and supplies to Iraq’s Kurdish refugees C-130s began airdropping supplies on 7 Apr 91 Lasted approximately eight years and was then replaced by Operation Northern Watch

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The Crisis in Iraq Lessons Learned - ONW

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The need to avoid “Fratricide”

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The limitations of airdrops

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Host-country tensions

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The need for alternate bases Lack of an “exit strategy”

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The Crisis in Iraq

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Operation Southern Watch (OSW) was a Combined Task Force enforcing the “no-fly zone” below the 36th parallel in southern Iraq Not an aggression against Iraq – executed as a self-defense measure Coalition partners included the U.S., UK, France, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait More than 850 Iraqi SAM and AAA fire directed at coalition aircraft Iraq violated the “no-fly zone” more than 160 times More than 150,000 USAF sorties by 1998

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“What we’ve effectively done since 1992 is conduct an air occupation of a country…” Gen Fogleman, Jul 1995

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The Crisis in Iraq Lessons Learned - OSW

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Became a test for USAF AEF concept in Oct 1995

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Quality of life changes needed due to high “Ops-Tempo”

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Reorganized Security Forces

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The Crisis in Somalia

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In-mid 1992, drought and civil war devastated Somalia Food supplies became a weapon of war Operation Provide Relief began on 22 Aug 1992 by the U.S. to deliver food to Somali refugees Military and civilian aircraft used Over 2,000 sorties, carrying 48,162 metric tons of food

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The Crisis in Somalia

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Although a humanitarian effort:

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44 American soldiers lost their lives 175 were injured or wounded Danger of failure due to warlord interference Operation Restore Hope

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Coalition peacekeeping operation from 9 Dec 92 – 4 May 93 First test of Rapid Global Mobility from the CONUS

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The Crisis in Somalia Lessons Learned

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First large scale test of newly formed AMC and the Tanker Airlift Control Center (TACC) Difficulties evolved in the planning, coordinating and managing of the operation Austere infrastructure of Somalia added to the lack of adequate bases for strategic airlift aircraft

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Summary

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Background to the Conflict Iraqi threats Air Defense Threat The Plan of Attack Concept of Operations Five Strategic Rings Targets Campaign Overview Video Clip/Beyond the Wild Blue

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Summary

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Video Clip/Beyond the Wild Blue Operation PROVIDE COMFORT/NORTHERN WATCH

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Background to conflict and lessons learned

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Operation SOUTHERN WATCH

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Background to conflict and lessons learned

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Operation PROVIDE RELIEF/RESTORE HOPE

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Background to conflict and lessons learned

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Summary

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Operation DENY FLIGHT

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Background to conflict and lessons learned Operation ALLIED FORCE

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Background NATO Actions Operation ALLIED FORCE Begins Operation ALLIED FORCE

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Lessons learned by U.S. Military Political Lessons Learned Impact of Lessons Learned on Future DOD Budget CFD Review

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