Transcript 2nd Stakeholder Workshop STEPPIN Brussels 2008-02-28

Dissemination workshop STEPPIN 2008-06-20
Standards in Procurement:
Finding the Right Standards
Paul Wakke
DIN German Institute for Standardization
Germany
STEPPIN is supported by the European Commission under the
Europe INNOVA initiative
"Standardization is a difficult matter.
Stakeholders very often do not fight
for technical reasons but more
often for economic ones."
Waldemar Hellmich, 1917
(founder of the German standards body
for General Mechanical Engineering)
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Overview
 Introduction to Standards and Standardization
 Definition, typologies, purpose, relevance
 Standards and their context
 Levels, legislation
 Searching for and using standards in procurement documents
 Practical guidance
 Search tools
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Definition
 Standard (EN 45020:2006)
document, established by consensus and approved by a recognized body
provides rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results
aims at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context
for common and repeated use
NOTE
Standards should be based on the consolidated results of science,
technology and experience, and aimed at the promotion of optimum community
benefits.
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Typology of Standards
 Typologies for standards are developed for specific purposes and
convey a specific perspective
 The user determines the purpose of a standard
 Example: "The length of the brick shall be 360 mm"
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used to verify the continuous quality of a product
used to verify the continuity of a production line
used to verify the compatibility with other materials
used to determine what is length and what is width
used to achieve a specific optical characteristic
 EN 45020 provides typologies for standards
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Typology of Standards
 Product standard
 Specifying requirements to be fulfilled by a product or a group of products, to
establish its fitness for purpose
 Interface standard
 Specifying requirements concerned with the compatibility of products or
systems at their points of interconnection
 Service standard
 Specifying requirements to be fulfilled by a service, to establish its fitness for
purpose
 Terminology standards, testing standards, processes standards …
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Requirements in Standards
 Performance provision
 Provision for fitness for purpose that concerns the behavior of a product,
process or service in or related to use
 Descriptive provision
 Provision for fitness for purpose that concerns the characteristics of a product,
process or service
NOTE
A descriptive provision usually conveys design, constructional details,
etc. with dimensions and material composition.
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Strategic Development of Standards
 Standards are developed for strategic reasons to have economic
impact due to
 their level of development
 their grade of consensus
 the access of stakeholders to the developing body
 Levels
 national
DIN, PKN, BSI, AENOR, DS, AFNOR … ANSI, JISC, ABNT …
 regional
CEN, CENELEC, ETSI (in Europe)
 International
ISO, IEC, ITU
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Consensus in Standardization
Grade of consensus
100%
Standard
(publicly available,
via NSBs)
Industry standard
(only a couple of businesses)
Works standard, patent
(single business)
Time
Standards development process
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Legislation and Standards
 Standards used by EC as essential condition for improving
competitiveness of European industry
 to ensure free movement of goods through technical harmonization of entire
product sectors,
 to guarantee a high level of protection of public interest objectives
 New Approach Directives
 legislative harmonization limited to 'essential requirements' (obligatory, but
formulated in general terms)
 writing of specifications necessary for implementation entrusted to the
standards organizations like CEN
 25 directives (machinery safety, medical devices, personal protection
equipment, electromagnetic compatibility etc.)
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Legislation and Standards
 Standards developed due to a directive
 not mandatory
 but products manufactured according to those standards give a 'presumption of
conformity' to the essential legal requirements in the directive
 Compliance results in the right of the product to bear the CE
marking of conformity and market release throughout Europe
 List of harmonized standards cited in the Official Journal of the
European Union or at http://www.newapproach.org/
 1985
 2007
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less than 100 CEN standards
app. 12.000 CEN standards
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Practical Guidance
 Searching and using standards in procurement documents
 Finding the right standard bearing in mind economic relevance, legislative
requirements, understanding the implementation of standards…
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Practical Guidance
What the purchaser wants
What the purchaser
tells the tenderer
What the tenderer
understands
What the tenderer
plans to build
What the tenderer
does build
What the purchaser
really needs
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Practical Guidance
 Searching and using standards in procurement documents
 Step 1: Specification of procured good
 Step 2: Search for existing standards
 Step 3: Selection of appropriate standard
 Step 4: Accessing standards
 Step 5: Search for relevant information in a standard
 Step 6: Interpretation of requirements in standards
 Step 7: Reference to standards
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Practical Guidance
 Step 1: Specification of procured good
 Clear concept of what to buy
 Clear concept of performance required
 Step 2: Search for existing standards
 STEPPIN Knowledge Base
using the CPV (Common Procurement Vocabulary) linked to ICS (International
Classification for Standards)
 Standards Catalogues and databases, e.g. PERINORM
 National standards bodies (NSB)
 New Approach Standardization website (http://www.newapproach.org/)
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Searching for Standards
 Perinorm
 world's leading bibliographic
database of national, European
and international standards from
23 countries
 a total of more than
1,100,000 records.
 Standards information direct
from the standards institutes
with standards management
and full-text tools
 online and on DVD
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Searching for Standards
 http://www.newapproach.org/
 Standards related
to directives
 Website to provide
access to information
on standards and
routes into the
standardization
process
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Practical Guidance
 Step 3: Selection of appropriate standard
 Have criteria at hand
 Where there is a formal standard, there is wide acceptance among all
stakeholders
 Performance driven rather than descriptive or prescriptive
 Where there is a European standard, there is no contradicting national standard
 Select the version that is in force
 Step 4: Accessing standards
 At NSB, in databases, on websites, etc.
 Formal standards are protected by copyright - be sure to use original sources
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Practical Guidance
 Step 5: Search for relevant information in a standard
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Scope
Normative references
Provisions
Normative Annexes
 Step 6: Interpretation of requirements in standards
 Provisions in a standard may be deviated from as standards are voluntary
 Deviations result in loss of presumption of conformity (EC mark)
 Step 7: Reference to standards in tenders
 Refer to those standards necessary to result in the required performance
 Use only standards that are in force unless for specific reasons (e.g.
compatibility with existing goods)
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Questions and Discussion
 Thank you for your attention
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