Transcript Document

10. Profits of Praise
Maxims on praise
 Our praises are our wages.
--Shakespeare
 I can live for two months on a
good compliment.
---Mark Twain
About praise
 Group discussion on class:
 1 Try to collect more sayings about praise.
 2 Exchange one’s attitude about praise
with each other.
About praise
世界上，不只是演员需要掌声，如果没有赞扬和
鼓励，任何人都会丧失自信，我们大家都有一 种双
重需要，即被别人称赞和去称赞别人。
没有人不会被真心诚意的赞赏所触动，因为只有
真诚才能使赞语具有效力，真诚地赞扬人，才能帮助
我们消除在日常接触中所产生的种种摩 擦与不快。
如同艺术家在把美带给别人时感到 愉快一样，任何
掌握了赞扬艺术的人都会发现， 赞扬不仅给听者，
也给自己带来极大的愉快。 它给平凡的生活带来了
温暖的快乐，把世界的 喧闹声变成了音乐。
人人都有值得称道的地方， 我们只须把它说出来
就是了。
The power of praise
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赞扬是阳光,
没有它生活的花儿便不能开放;
赞扬是黏合剂,
能聚合众多的朋友在您身边;
赞扬是一缕清新的空气,
扫除沉闷,催人向上;
给予赞扬只需付出片刻的思索和努力,
然而产生的效果却难以估量.
The organization of the text
PartⅠ(paras.1-3) a praise changed the author’s
attitude.
PartⅡ(paras.4-6) some statements about praise and
its power
PartⅢ(paras.7-10) praise can bring us something
unexpected
PartⅣ(paras.11-12) an experiment of the scientists
shows that praise helps people to improve quickly
PartⅤ(paras.13-14) the author calls on to pay more
attention to the power of praise
Word learning
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profit 益处 利润
exhaust 使筋疲力尽
stain 玷污
weary 厌倦的 厌烦的
discourage 使灰心
dozen 一打（二十个）
quit 退出 离职
apply 运用 实施
reluctant 勉强的
earn 赢得 挣得
compliment 赞美
invest 投资
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graceful 优美的大方的
embarrass 使尴尬
defensive 防御的
pat 轻拍
convey 传达
flatter 奉承
relay 传送
rewarding 值得的 报答的
glorious 辉煌的
appreciate 欣赏 感激
constructive 建设性的
alert 警觉的
Complete the table below
hostess
girl
students
god
gentlemen
Prince
lion
policewoman
aunt
nephew
heroine
cow
actor
Complete the table below (key)
hostess
boy
students
girl
students
god
goddess
gentlemen
lady
prince
princess
lion
lioness
uncle
aunt
nephew
niece
hero
heroine
bull
cow
actor
actress
host
policeman policewoman
The frame of Part Ⅰ
 In the para. 1, author narrated her own experience
as a waitress on the first day and said “I was ready
to quit”.
 But in paras. 2-3 the author received praises from
the customer and her manager, suddenly she
changed her attitude towards her job.
 In one word, the author stated
her own point of view towards
praise and its power.
The frame of Part Ⅰ
Translate the following sentence of para.1:
As I made out a complicated check for a family
with several children who had changed their
ice-cream order a dozen times, I was ready to
quit.
当我为有好几个孩子的一家人开好一份复杂的帐单时－－因
为这些孩子们在要冰激凌时换来换去有十几次之多－－我都
准备辞职不干了。
Those few words of praise had changed
everything.
那两句赞扬的话改变了一切。
The frame of Part Ⅱ
 In para. 4, the author stated what is praise and
the importance of praise to human beings:
praise is like sunlight to human spirit.
 In para. 5, the author told us that why can praise
of a word bring us pleasure.
 In para. 6, the author put forward her point of
view that: people are not used
to giving praise because we are
not accustomed to accepting it.
The frame of Part Ⅰ
 Translate the following sentences in
paras.4-6:
Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit; we
cannot flower and grow without it.
对于人的精神来说，赞扬就像阳光一样；没有它我们就不能
开花生长。
Perhaps it’s because few of us know how to
accept compliments gracefully.
这也许是因为我们很少有人最低怎样大大方方地接受赞扬。
The frame of Part Ⅱ
When one thinks of the speed with which
spiteful remarks are conveyed, it seems a
pity that there isn’t more effort to relay
pleasing and flattering comments.
当我们想到那些充满恶意的言辞
传播得速度之快，我们就会感到，
人们没有做出更大的努力来传递
令人愉快、高兴的评语似乎是太
遗憾了。
The frame of Part Ⅲ
 In para. 7. It tells us: praise is especially
rewarding to those whose efforts goes unnoticed
and unmentioned.
 In para. 8. It shows that praise is particularly
appreciated by those doing routine jobs.
 In para. 9. the author narrates a fact that:
although we know the value
of praise, we are still not
perceptive enough.
The frame of Part Ⅲ
 In para. 10. the author
takes teachers for example:
teachers are aware of
the value of praise.
 To sum up, Part Ⅲ mainly
tells us that: praise can bring
us something unexpected.
The frame of Part Ⅲ
Translate the following sentence of paras.7-10:
Praise is especially rewarding to those whose
efforts goes unnoticed and unmentioned.
对于通常不为人们注意或提及的努力加以赞扬是特别有益的。
Mothers know instinctively that for children an
ounce of praise worth a pound of scolding.
母亲们本能地知道，对于孩子们来说，一句赞扬抵得上十句
责骂．
The frame of Part Ⅳ
 In paras. 11-12. The author stated the result of
an experiment carried out by the behavioral
scientists. It shows that praise helps people to
improve quickly.
 In virtue of this experiment,
the author emphasizes the
power of praise to human
beings.
The frame of Part Ⅳ
 Translate the following sentence of paras.1112:
Behavioral scientists have done countless
experiments to prove that any human being
tends to repeat an act which has been
immediately followed by a pleasant result.
行为科学家已经做过无数
次试验，证明任何人都往
往会重复一个立即产生出
愉快结果的动作．
The frame of Part Ⅴ
 In paras. 13-14. The author ended the passage
by calling on to pay more attention to the power
of praise.
 In this part, the author quoted the saying of
Mark Twain—I can live
for two months on
a good compliment.
which strengthened
her point of view.
The frame of Part Ⅴ
Translate the following sentence of paras.1112:
To give praise costs the giver nothing but a
moment’s thought and a moment’s effort.
给予赞扬只需要给予者付出片刻的思索和片刻的努力．
We will not only bring joy into other people’s
lives, but also, very often, added happiness
into our own.
我们将不仅给别人的生活带来欢乐，而且还常常会给我们
自己的生活增添更多的乐趣．
Language points
 1 profit:
 n. advantages or good obtained from sth.;
money gained in business
 Eg. Your mother did that for your profit.
 What’s the profit of doing that thing?
 Frank makes profits
by buying and
selling stocks.
Language points
 vt. Be of advantage to
 Eg. The new bus route profits those who do not
have cars.
 It will profit you to absorb as much knowledge
as
possible while at university.
 vi. Be benefited or helped
 Eg. I profited a lot from the trip abroad.
Language points
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2 exhaust:
v. ① tire out
Eg. We all felt exhausted by the stiff hike.
② use up
Eg. The hero’s strength was exhausted
after a long time in prison.
 The king soon exhausted every penny in
the national treasury.
Language points
 n. outlet, in an engine or machine, for steam,
vapor, etc. that has done its work
 Eg. The young man committed suicide by
breathing in the car exhaust.
 The motorcycle has an open exhaust.
Language points
 3 as, like:
 As can be used with a noun in the same
way as like, both being prepositions.
But there is some difference in meaning in
that as has more emphasis on a specified
capacity whereas like is basically
synonymous with “in the manner of”
Language points
 Take a look at the difference between as and
like.
 He worked as a slave.= he was a slave.
 He worked like a slave.
= He worked in the manner of a slave, but he was
a free man
Language points
 4 load:
 v. put a full amount of things on or in sth.
 Eg. The father loaded the family into their
new truck and drove west.
 n. that which is to be carried or supported
 Eg. Your arrival took a load off my mind.
 The tractor has a full load wheat.
Language points
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5 discourage:
Cause to lose courage or confidence
Eg. Don’t let failure discourage you.
The hero in the Greek mythology was never
discouraged by his numerous misfortunes.
Language points
 6 make out: write out
 Eg. The shop assistant made out a receipt for
the customer who bought a camera.
 7 dozen: twelve
 Eg. These eggs are sold at 99 cents a dozen.
Language points
 8 quit:
 Stop doing something and leave
 Eg. George doesn’t like his present job as a
waiter. He is quitting.
 I have quit my job. I am now making a living by
freelancing.
Language points
 9 only too: very
 Eg. If you invite him, he will be only too
glad to attend.
 10 reluctant: unwilling
 Eg. The official made a reluctant promise
under the pressure that he would look into
the matter.
Language points
 11 somehow:
 In one way or another; for some reason that one
does not understand or is not sure about
 Eg. We shall go there somehow.
 Time is pressing, but I will finish the work
somehow in time.
Language points
 12 not much of a: not a very good
 Eg. He is not much of an artist.
 The food is so-so, it wasn’t much of a dinner.
 13 earn:
 Bring to or get as deserved, win
 Eg. Her hard work earned her the respect of her
fellow workers.
Language points
 14 embarrass:
 make awkward or ashamed
 Eg. The young teacher felt embarrassed
to speak to a roomful of students.
 15 pass on:
 Convey to another
 Eg. I passed the message on to all those
whom it concern.
Language points
 16 shrug off:
 Dismiss something as
not deserving one’s
attention or as unimportant
 Eg. James cut his hand, but he shrugged
off his injury and went on his work.
 She can shrug off her troubles and keep
smiling.
Language points
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17 pat:
n. tap with the open hand
Eg. She gave the puppy a slight pat.
v. tap gently with the open hand or with
something flat
 Eg. She patted the seat next to her for him to sit
down.
Language points
 18 When one thinks of the speed with which
spiteful remarks are conveyed, it seems a pity
that there isn’t more effort to relay pleasing and
flattering comments. :
 When one considers how quickly offensive
remarks are passed from one to another, it
seems a pity that we do not make effort to pass
on compliments that will bring pleasure and
satisfaction.
Language points
 convey:
 v. ① make (ideas, views, feelings, etc)
known to another person
 Eg. I can hardly convey my gratitude in
words.
 ② take; carry
 Eg. Conveyer belt in the airport convey
passengers from one gate to another.
Language points
 flatter:
 give an often exaggerated feeling of
pleasure to; praise insincerely (in order to
please)
 Eg.He was flattered into believing that he
was really exceptional.
 George was flattering Mary when he said
she was a brilliant artist; he didn’t really
mean it.
Language points
 comment:
 n. opinion, explanation or judgment written or
spoken about an event, book, person, state of
affairs, etc.
 Eg. Any comments on this topic are welcome.
 v. give opinion, explanation or judgment
 Eg. The State Department spokesman refused
to comment on the recent political situation in
East Europe.
Language points
 19 it’s especially rewarding to give praise in
areas in which efforts generally goes unnoticed
and unmentioned.
 It’s particularly beneficial to praise those who do
unexciting routine jobs and whose efforts is
usually ignored or overlooked.
 generally: usually; in most cases
 Generally the morning post arrives at 7:00.
Language points
 20 when the shirts are done just right:
 when the shirts are washed or cleaned exactly
as excepted.
 21 paper boy:
 A boy who delivers or sells newspapers
Language points
 22 appreciate:
 understand and enjoy; be thankful for
 Eg. It was such a wonderful play I really
appreciated it.
 23. constructive: helping
 Eg. Students are urged to make full use of their
summer vacation time.
Language points
 24 routine:
 adj. not unusual or exciting; regular
 Eg. Relax. This is just a routine medical
check.
 n. fixed and regular way of doing things
 Eg. His daily routine begins with checking
E-mail messages.
Language points
 25 an ounce of praise is worth a pound of
scolding:
 Praise (in whatever small amount) is far more
valuable than scolding (in whatever large
amount)
 worth: having a value of; deserving
 Eg. This book is worth 10 dollars.
 scold: blame with angry words
 Eg. He scolded her for coming back late.
Language points
 26 drown:
 ① cover completely with water
 Eg. Two years ago, most of the town was
drowned by the floods.
 ② (cause to) die in water because unable to
breathe
 Eg. Since ten years ago, over 50 people were
drowned in the river.
Language points
 27 favorably:
 with approval
 Eg. The young monitor was looked on
favorably as a rising star.
 28 ignore:
 not to take notice of; pay no attention to
 Eg. Those who ignore the traffic lights will
be fined.
Language points
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29 criticize:
① find fault with
Eg. Why are you always criticizing him?
② form and give a judgment of; to assess
the merits and demerits of
 Eg. The Sunday newspaper devoted a
page to criticizing new books, films, and
plays.
Language points
 30 react:
 ① respond
 Eg. The government reacted to criticism and
improved its image this year.
 ② respond to something with a feeling or take
action (against)
 Eg. Peasants uprose in arms to react against
the harsh regulations of the Qin dynasty.
Discussion
 1 Do you think praise plays an important
role in our daily life? List some profits of
offering or accepting praises.
 2 How do you understand Shakespeare’s
word ”our praises are our wages”?
 3 Good at offering praise to other is a kind
of virtue, according to you, how to acquire
this virtue?