Transcript Slide 1

4th Grade Reading
1st Strand
Vocabulary
Understanding how to
determine the
meaning of a word.
Blank
2nd Strand
Develop a General
Understanding
Finding answers by
looking in the text.
3rd Strand
Dear Parents,
In Grade four
your student is
aiming for a score
of 211 on the
OAKS Reading
Assessment in
five strand areas.
4th Strand
Develop an
Interpretation
Thinking about story
meaning beyond what the
text may say.
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Read to Perform
a Task:
Looking at Graphs,
Charts and Indexes of
many kinds to locate
information.
5th Strand
Contents &
Structure of
Information Text
Analyzing Informational
text for many purposes.
To the Parents:
This booklet can help you and your child work together at
home to improve reading comprehension using a format that
will enable your child to perform well on the OAKS reading
test.
This booklet has three goals:
1. For the parent: To explain what the “strands” (goals) are
for each area of reading comprehension your child will be
tested on.
2. For parent and child: To provide state test samples you
can practice at home that are similar to the ones on the
test.
3. For parent and child: To inform you of books you can read
together and discuss at home that encourage the use of
the reading strategies [strands] your child will be tested
on.
Free
To the Teacher:
This book is designed as a tool that should be delivered to the
parents but with a brief overview and explanation (modeling)
on how to use this book throughout the school year.
The test samples and strand data for this booklet can be found on the Oregon State Department of
Education web site. The use of this booklet was designed for the Hillsboro School District based on HSD
Power Standards along with the ODE strand categories. This booklet is paid for and furnished to teachers
for instruction by the HSD.
The concept of this booklet was created by Rick & Susan Richmond
© Rick & Susan Richmond 2010 Revision: Original 03-2010
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, without written permission from Rick & Susan Richmond and the Oregon State Department of
Education and the Hillsboro School District.
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STRAND 1
I can figure out a new word by...

knowing words that mean about the same ( SYNONYMS)…
knowing words that mean the opposite (ANYTONYM)…
apply knowledge of IDIOMS ( such as “you eat like a
horse”)..

knowing that some words have many meanings ( such as
tear –to tear it apart and tear – his eyes began to tear)…
CONTEXT CLUES! I can figure out a new word
by…

looking at other

looking at
words nearby.
structural clues (prefixes and suffixes ).
Parent Note: Most questions on the OAKS test for
Vocabulary, asks students to find a word that means
about the same (synonym) or using context clues.
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Synonyms/Antonyms/Idioms
Every time Philippe painted a Blue Parrot and the Sun for his
mother, the gallery owner had a buyer. The price went up and
Philippe could not resist. But every time he sold a Blue Parrot, he put
aside some money for his mother.
A synonym closest in meaning to the word resist as it is used in this
selection would be. . .
A.
B.
C.
D.
respond.
believe.
refuse.
understand.
Multiple Meanings
What began as a personal project, just for fun,
blossomed into a business, with
Becky as the president of the company.
Parents, these are
the kind of
questions your
child is asked in
Vocabulary on
the grade 4
reading test.
This story tells you that Becky’s project
blossomed into a business. This means that
A. she ran her business from her
garden.
B. she sold lots of Glo-sheets.
C. she would only sell to flower
shops.
D. she became a teenager.
Grade four Books to Read at Home that Enhance
Content and Structure of Informational Text
Vinnie and
Abraham
actual combine
informational
with fictional
text but still
provide a good
study of
Persuasive
Verses
Informational
Reading.
Ocean is an
Informational
text that helps
readers
understand the
difference
between Fact
and Opinion.
All by Herself
are various
poems about
different girls
who made
changes in our
world. Each
poem can be
studied for
Author’s
Purpose.
Looking at Structural Clues
(understanding the prefix “de” in descend leads to
understanding the word.)
Ellis Island is an
Informational
text that helps
readers relate to
the Author’s
Purpose.
Hot air always rises, so your balloon, filled
with the hot air, floats upward. As the air in it
cools, the balloon will descend.
As the air in it cools, the balloon will descend.
Another word for descend would be. . .
A. drop.
B. rise.
C. float.
D. shrink
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Grade Four Books to Read at Home that Enhance Vocabulary
Recognizing cause and effect…
Which sentence from the article gives a
cause-and-effect relationship?
“Wolves are the largest wild
members of the dog family.”
B. “Because wolves are shy, you
won’t see them if you visit these
areas.”
C. “Scientists say wolves tend to be
intelligent and shy.”
D. “The head male usually decides
when and what to hunt, and he
settles fights.”
Its not just knowing what a word means, but
knowing HOW TO FIGURE OUT THE MEANING of a
word when reading!
A.
Parents, these are the kind
of questions your child is
asked in Content and
Structure of
Informational Text on the
grade 4 reading test.
Author’s Purpose…
WHAT MAKES A ROLLER
COASTER GO?
Gravity—the force that makes
things fall toward the
ground. Roller coasters are
powered by gravity, except
at the very beginning of the
ride.
The author probably wrote this
selection
A. to teach you how to be
safe on roller coasters.
B. so you will learn what
makes a roller coaster
move.
C. so everyone will have a
good time on a roller
coaster.
D. to tell how useful roller
coasters can be.
Little Lord
Fauntleroy
and books
about eras in
history,
present new
vocabulary in
context.
The “old
classics” such
as The Secret
Garden, use
vocabulary
laced with
multiple
meanings.
Amelia Bedelia
and books about
puns on words
and joke books!
Fiction and
NonFiction
books that
teach about
science or
social
studies
information.
A Girl
Named
Disaster
and any
books about
people from
other
cultures,
use new
vocabulary.
Informational or Persuasive Text?
RUNNING WITH THE PACK (INFORMATIONAL TEXT)
Read this NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC WORLD article to find out
more about wolves
Bud Not buddy
and books that
use a different
vocabulary that
we do today
that require
using context
clues to figure
out new words.
In this article, the author is mostly trying to
A.
B.
C.
D.
persuade the reader.
entertain the reader.
inform the reader.
tell a story to the reader.
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McBroom
the
Rainmaker
and other
Tall Tales
use lots of
idioms!
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STRAND 2
STRAND 5
When I read informational text, I can…

distinguish between the main idea and supporting details.

summarize a sequence of events OR identify the main
events.
When I read Literary (fiction) text, I can …

tell about significant or important events and ideas that
are found explicitly (“right in the text”).

distinguish the order of events or a special event from a
sequence.

identify the main problem and how its resolved.
Parent Note: Most questions on the OAKS test for
Demonstrating a General Understanding, ask students
to answer questions that can be directly found in the
text.
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I can analyze and evaluate the Content and
Structure of Informational Text…

drawing conclusions about the author’s purpose.

distinguish between cause and effect and between
fact and opinion.

distinguish between informational and persuasive
text.
Parent Note: Most questions on the OAKS test for
Content and Structure of Informational Text, require a
higher level of thinking.
Questions center around the differences between fact
and opinion and the author’s purpose.
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Grade Four Books to Read at Home that Enhance
Developing an Interpretation
Parents, these are
the kind of
questions your
child is asked in
Literary Text
Books such as
Manica Magee in
Literary Text can
help develop a
student’s
understanding of
Main Ideas.
Books such as The
Great Gilly
Hopkins encourage
readers to predict
the outcome!”
In this adventure
Bound for
Oregon there are
many examples of
Cause and Effect.
This true
story
Traitor,
allows
readers to
draw
inferences
based on
evidence in
the text.
Amelia
Earhart
encourages
readers to
predict the
outcome in
non-fiction
text.
Like most
biographies
Betsy Byards
story focuses
on a Main
Idea.
Demonstrating
a General
Understanding
on the grade 4
reading test.
Informational Text Main Idea and
Details
The truth is that healthy wolves do not attack
people. Scientists say wolves tend to be
intelligent and shy. They live in groups called
packs, and cooperate to survive. Wolves once
roamed most of North America.
Wolves are the largest wild members of the
dog family.
All of the following are true about wolves
EXCEPT…
A. wolves are a member of the dog
family.
B. healthy wolves attack people.
C. wolves need to cooperate to survive.
D. wolves once roamed most of North
America.
Sequencing or identifying main events in
Informational Text
To get started, the roller-coaster cars hook on to a chain.
It pulls them to the top of the first hill.
How do roller-coaster cars get started?
A.
B.
C.
D.
They are hooked to a chain.
They are powered by gravity.
The gears connect it to the ground.
They are pushed by people on the ground
Identifying the Problem and Solution
THERE WAS ONLY ONE PROBLEM. Wishbone
wasn’t a roller-blading kind of guy. Feet were
more his kind of thing—four of ‘em, to be exact.
So all he could do was watch.
What was Wishbone’s problem in this story?
A.
B.
C.
D.
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He
He
He
He
disliked some of the kids.
forgot his roller-blades.
wasn’t picked for the team.
could not roller-blade.
Page 6
Grade Four Books to Read at Home that Enhance
Demonstrating General Understanding
Informational Text
Literary Text
Chapter books
such as the
Wolf Stalker
series have key
events explicitly
explained.
Chapter books
such as the
Three Days on
a River in a
Red Canoe
detail sequence
and special
events.
Bethoven
Lives
Upstairs
emphasizes
problems and
solutions.
Predicting Outcomes in
Literary Text . . .
“Arlo,” he said, “I don’t see anything
wrong with trying to break a world
record.”
Science and
Social
Studies books
present main
ideas and
details.
The Keeping
Quilt is a true
story about a
woman from
Russia and
analyzes key
events.
A River
Runs Wild
and other
true life
history
sequences
events.
What is most likely to happen next in
the story?
A. Arlo will choose a completely
different record to try to break.
B. Mr. Dayton will decide to try to
break a record of his own.
C. All the boys will help Arlo as he
tries to break the record.
D. Arlo will work on ways to help
him break the banana-eating
record.
Determining Causes for
Actions based on Setting or
Character Traits
Sitting in the car waiting for her mom
to return from shopping, Becky
decided she might as well try to finish
her math homework. But it was
growing dark and getting hard to see
the paper. “I didn’t have a flashlight,
and I didn’t want to open the car door
because then the whole car would
light up,” recalled Becky. “So I
thought it would be neat to have my
paper light up somehow, and that’s
when the idea came to me.”
Parents, these
are the kind of
questions your
child is asked in
Developing an
Interpretation
This informational
passage suggests the
Main Idea.
Today, gray wolves still
occupy much of Canada,
but they are considered
endangered in most of the
United States
The main idea the author
wants us to get from
reading this article is that
wolves
A. work closely together
in packs in order to
survive.
B. used to live in many
parts of North
America.
C. are dangerous if you
don’t know how to
treat them.
D. are an endangered
species because they
need help hunting.
What caused Becky to think of
inventing the Glo-sheet?
A. She wanted to start her own
business and make money.
B. She liked glow-in-the-dark toys.
C. She wanted to be the youngest
female inventor.
D. She was having trouble seeing
her math homework the little
horse at the end of the line.
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STRAND 3
STRAND 4
When I read to Locate Information I can…
I can Interpret Informational text by...

predicting outcomes.

draw valid inferences and conclusions based on textual evidence.

identify the main idea.

look at Titles and Chapter Headings.

look in the Table of Contents.

look at illustrations.

look at captions.

look in glossaries.

look in indexes.
I can Interpret Literary text by...
When I read to Interpret Information I can…

predicting outcomes.

determine causes for actions based on setting or character traits.

interpret information in diagrams.

identify the main idea in a passage.

interpret information in charts and tables.

Drawing valid inferences and conclusions.

interpret information in graphs.
I Can….
Parent Note: most questions on the OAKS test for
Developing Interpretation, asks students to “read
between the lines,” or make a guess based on clues in
the story.
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
Use headings and subheadings in
Informational Text to locate information.
Parent Note: Most questions on the OAKS test for Read
to Perform a Task, ask students to show they can read
a graph or chart to find answers.
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Using Text Features NOTE:
Parents, Your
child will be
asked to answer
these kind of
questions in
Read to
Perform a
Task
In fourth grade
students should
also be able to
understand tables,
charts, and
diagrams.
Grade Four Books to read at home that Enhance
This item was taken from the Washington
State Assessment Bank.
Read to Perform a Task
Which idea from the selection is shown in the
picture?
A.
B.
C.
How Barnacles Make the Whale Appear
Gray.
How Large a Gray Whale is.
How Gray Whales get the Food they
need.
Using a
Glossary
to find
new
information.
Using a Chart
Crafts and
Hobby and
“How To”
books teach
reading and
following
directions
and
illustrations.
Read to perform a task
Illistrations…
At what wind speed does the
wind scale tell you that flags
flap?
A.
B.
C.
D.
13-18
19-24
25-31
32-38
m.p.h.
m.p.h.
m.p.h.
m.p.h.
The stitches around the open end of the bag
are put there to…
A.
B.
C.
D.
Reading a
“Kids Menu”
helps children
find
information
under
headings and
sub-headings.
Student
Dictionaries
are a great
resource for
many skills
needed in
reading for
information!
Oceans
has Charts and
Graphs and
amazing ways
to use them,
much as Magic
School Bus but
all Informative
Text.
The
Guinness
World
Records
and other
record books
have many
tables and
diagrams.
add decoration to the balloon.
allow air to escape from the
balloon.
pull the bag into a balloon
shape.
cut down on the weight of the
balloon.
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