Transcript What kinds of work do people do?

Employment Structure
WHAT KINDS OF WORK DO
PEOPLE DO?
Sector
Definition
Examples
Primary
The extraction or cultivation of raw
materials. Growing things or taking
them out of the ground or water
Farmer, fishing,
forester, coal miner, oil
extraction
Secondary
The manufacturing and
Factories making cars,
processing of raw materials into a computers, clothes, etc
finished product. Making things!
also construction.
Tertiary
Providing a service
Doctors, teachers,
sales, managers,
actors, footballers, etc
Quaternary
Part of Tertiary sector, but
focusing on research and
development and IT
Research scientist,
designer, consultant
What percentage of people work in different sectors is called the
EMPLOYMENT STRUCTURE of a country.
Number
in class
Employment structures
The proportion of people working in
each sector of industry (primary,
secondary and tertiary) is called the
employment structure.
 Employment structures change over
a period of time and vary from place
to place

Employment structures
There are three classifications of
industrial activity:
 Primary
 Secondary
 Tertiary
Exercise: Primary, Secondary or
Tertiary?
shop assistant, fisherman, baker, teacher,
coalminer, builder, policeman, lumberjack, watch
maker, lawyer, farmer, automobile production,
footballer, grazing, musician, ship building,
carpenter, pilot, quarrying, metal worker, air
hostess, hunter, craft, car welder, forestry,
construction, bus driver, assembling cars,
shepherd, manufacturing with raw materials
Employment Structure in the UK
The UK has a low proportion of people working
in primary industry. This is partly because of
mechanisation. Machinery has taken over jobs
in the primary sector. Also, as primary
resources have become exhausted (e.g. coal)
The UK now imports a considerable amount of
its non-renewable resources. The number of
people employed in the secondary sector is
falling. This is because fewer people are
needed to work in factories as robots are
taking over jobs. The tertiary sector is the main
growth area. Most people work in hospitals,
schools, offices and financial services. Also, as
people have more free time and become
wealthier there is a greater demand for leisure
services. Therefore more jobs become
available in the tertiary sector.
http://www.geography.learnontheinternet.co.uk/topics/empstruct.html#structure
Employment Structure in Brazil
Brazil is a NIC or Newly Industrialised
Country. While it is developing its
economic base there are still a large
number of people employed in primary
industries such as farming. There is a
large proportion of people employed in
tertiary industries. One reason for this
is because of the growth of Brazil as a
tourist destination. Also, there have
been significant improvements in the
provision of health care, education and
transport.
http://www.geography.learnontheinternet.co.uk/topics/empstruct.html#structure
Employment Structure in Ghana
Ghana is an LEDC or Less
Economically Developed Country. The
majority of people work in the primary
sector. This is due to the lack of
machinery available in farming,
forestry and mining. Farming is very
important because people often grow
the food they eat. Few people work in
secondary industries due to the lack of
factories - machinery is too expensive
and multi-national companies rely on
the raw materials available in Ghana to
assist in manufacturing products.
http://www.geography.learnontheinternet.co.uk/topics/empstruct.html#structure
Class survey

Produce a divided bar chart for 4 countries, choose 1
country from Europe, 1 from Asia, 1 from South America
and 1 from Africa
Example of a Divided bar chart:

Compare the charts, how are they the same?
How are they different? Why?
Class survey
1. How and why do patterns of employment structure vary in contrasting regions
and countries across the World?
M.E.D.C.s are More Economically Developed Countries and tend to…
L.E.D.C.s are Less Economically Developed Countries and tend to…
2. How and why do employment structure patterns change over time?
Reasons for changes in the employment structure
over time
The decline of the Primary and Secondary Sectors:
 Cheaper imports have forced them out of business
 More efficient and cheaper machinery has been
used to replace workers
 Natural resources used in the primary sector are
running out.
 Increase in size of the tertiary sector.
 Higher incomes have lead to an increase in the
demand for services provided by the tertiary sector