Transcript Inter-Ethnic Crime Investigations in Kosovo

Inter-Ethnic Crime
Investigations in Kosovo
Ethnical Demography Pristina
(Based on data from OSCE – January 2008)
MUNICIPALITY
OFPODUJEVE/PODUJEVO
Population : estimated 130.000 - 99 % Kos-Alb
Minorities: Roma and Ashkali living mainly
in Podujevo city and around
MUNICIPALITY OF FUSHE KOSOVO
Population : estimated 30.000 – 85 % Kos-Alb
Minorities : Kos-S 2800, Ashkali 3800, Roma 600,
Egyptians 200, Bosniaks 40, Gorani 30
MUNICIPALITY OF
GLOGOC/GLOGOVAC
Population : estimated 73.000
Minorities : None – mono-ethnic KosAlb community
MUNICIPALITY OF PRISHTINA
Population : estimated 500.000 from
which 475.OOO Kos-A
Minorities: K-Serb 12500, Roma and
Ashkali 4550, Bosniaks and Gorani 450
MUNICIPALITY OF OBILIC
Population : estimated 30.000 – 25.000
Kos-Alb,.
Minorities : 3.400 Kos-S, 550 Roma,
300 Ashkali and 70 Bosniaks
MUNICIPALITY OF LIPJAN
Population : etimated 76.000 – 83 % KosAlb
Minorities : 9500 Kos-S, 1500 Ashkali, 360
Croats, 330 Roma
Ethnical Demography
Mitrovica/Mitrovicë
MUNICIPALITY OF LEPOSAVIC
Population : estimated 18600 of which 18000
Serbs
Minorities : K-Alb 200, Bosniaks 240, 2500
IDP’s(internally displaced persons of which
230 Roma
MUNICIPALITY OF ZUBIN
POTOK
Population : estimated 14900 with KSerb K-Serbs (14000)
Minorities : 800 K-Alb, 229
Croatian refugies
MUNICIPALITY OF
SKENDERAJ/SRBICA
Population : estimated 72.600 with KAlb majority
Minorities : 350 K-Serbs, 50 Ashkali,
15 Bosniaks
M/UNICIPALITY OF
MITROVICA/MITROVICE
Population :
South : 110000 with K-A majority and
other minority groups
North : appr. 20000 of which 17000 K-S
Minorities :
South : Turks, Roma, Egyptians, Ashkali
North : about 3000 of all the different
communities
MUNICIPALITY OF ZVECAN
Population : estimated 17.000 large
majority of K-Serbs (16.000) 350 KAlb mainly in Boletin, Lipje and
Zhanzha
Minorities : 250 Croatians
MUNICIPALITY OF VUSHTRRI
Population : estimated 102.600,
Minorities : 4000 K-Serbs, other
minorities Turks, Roma, Egyptians,
Ashkali and Circassians
Ethnical Demography Peja
MUNICIPALITY OF PEJA/PEC
Population : estimated 170.000 –KAlb majority
Minorities : most K_Serbs are
living in Gorazdevac (850)
Bosniaks, Ashkali , Rolma and
Egyptians living in rural areas
MUNICIPALITY DE ISTOG
Population : estimated 56000
Minorities : 1650 Bosniaks, 40 Roma and
about 2220 Egyptians. About 800 Serbs are
living in Crkolez , Osojan and Suvi Lukavac
MUJICIPALITY DE
DECANE/DECANI
Population : Estimated 40000 - KAlb majority
Minorities : Egyptians, Roma and
Bosniaks
MUNICIPALITY OF
DJAKOVA/GJACOVICE
Population : estimated 150000
Minorities : 60 Bosniaks living in the
town, Roma, Ashkali et Egysptians,
about 8600
MUNICIPALITY OF KLINA/KLINE
Population : estimated 55000
Minorities : Roma, Ashkali and
Egyptians, about 2000 in total.
Between 200 and 400 K-S have
returned to the region
Ethnical Demography Gjilan
MUNICIPALITY OF
NOVOBERDE/NOVOBRDO
Population : estimated 3900 of
which 61 % K-Alb and 31 % KSerbs
Minorities : Roma families
living in Bostan village
MUNICIPALITY OF
VITI/VITINA
Population : estimated 60.000
of which 56400 K-Alb
Minorities : 3300 K-Serbs, 60
Croatians and 20 Roma
MUNICIPALITY OF
KAMENICE/KAMENICA
Population : estimated 63.000 – K-Alb
82 %
Minorities : 17 % K-Serbs, 500 Roma
MUNICIPALITY OF
GJILAN/GJILANE
Population : Estimated 130.000
– K-Alb majority
Minorities : 11800 K-Serbs,
370 Roma, and a few hundred
Turks
Ethnic Demography Prizren
MUNICIPALITY OF
RAHIOVEC/ORAHOVAC
Population : estimated 73700 living
mainly in rural areas and 23000 in town.
Minorities : 550 Roma, 1300 K-Serbs
MUNICIPALITY OF
MALISHEVE/MALISHEVO
Population : estimated 65.000 with a KAlb majority (99%)
Minorities : 65 Roma
MUNICIPALITY OF SUHA
REKA/SUVA REKA
Population : estimated 80.000 majority
of K-Alb
Minorities :No K-Serbs, small
community of Roma, 535 Ashkali
MUNICIPALITY OF DRAGASH
Population : estimated 41.000 K-Alb
majority (66 %)
Minorities : 33 % Gorani/Bosniak
living in the Gora region
MUNICIPALITY OF PRIZREN
Population : estimated 240.000 – K-Alb
majority
Minorities : 22.000 Bosniaks, 9000 Turks,
5300 Roma, Ashkali and Egyptians, 30 KSerbs living in the town of Prizren and 166
in different villages
Ethnic Demohraphy
Ferizaj/Urosevac
MUNICIPALITY OF SHTIME
Population : estimated 29.000 – KAlb majority
Minorities : small number of KSerbs
MUNICIPALITY OF
FERIZAJ/UROSEVAC
Population : estimated 170.000 with KAlb majority (160.000)
Minorities : K-Ashkali 3750, Roma
260, Gorani 230, Bosniak 68, K-Serbs
70 and Turks 40
MUNICIPALITY OF STREPCE
Population : estimated 13600 with KSerb majority (9100) and 4500 K-Alb
Minorities : 37 Roma
MUNICIPALITY OF KACANIK
Population : estimated 43.000
Minorities : Some Roma and K-Serbs
Hate Crime/ Inter-Ethnic Crime
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Inter-Ethnic crimes are a branch of the wider
category of Hate-motivated crimes
Definition Hate Crime
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“Any criminal offence, including offences against
persons or property, where the victim, premises, or
target of the offence appear to be selected because of
their real or perceived connection, attachment,
affiliation, support or membership of a real or
perceived group identified according to its race,
national, ethnic or social origin, association with a
national minority or with a political group, language,
color, religion, sex, age, mental of physical disability,
sexual orientation or other similar factor”
Law based definition InterEthnic crime
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Any criminal offence (against persons or property)
Where the victim, premises or target of the offence
Appear to be selected
Because of their real or perceived connection
attachment, affiliation, support or membership
Of a real or perceived group
Identified according to its race, ethnic origin,
association with a national minority
Legal Provisions
Law on Jurisdiction, Case Selection and Case
Allocation
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Art 3.4
Art 11.1
Based on these articles hate crimes can be
assigned to EULEX Judges and Prosecutors
Legal Provisions
Criminal Code of Kosovo
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Art. 115
Art. 116
Art. 117
Art. 147
Art. 158
Art. 260
EULEX Inter-Ethnic structure
Strengthening Department
Administration
Major Crime
Crime Division
Organised Criùme
Border
Operations
Inter-Ethnic
Criminal Analysis
Pristina (2)
Ferizaj/Urosevac (2)
Gjilane (2)
Peja (2)
Prizren (2)
Mitrovicë/Mitrovica
(3)
Forensics
Tasks Monitors
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All Police stations
Detecting PEMIs
Follow-up of PEMIs and EMIs
Reporting
Intervene
UNMIK Definition PEMI
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Vulnerable ethnic group
Offender unknown or from different
ethnic group
Circumstances disclose no likely,
ethnical-neutral motive
EULEX IE APPROACH
DEFINITION PEMI
Every incident in which members of two or
more ethnic groups are involved, offences with
unknown offender against persons or property
of minorities
EULEX - database
Victims Statistics
Victims according to their nationality during these years
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Albanians
8
20
46
49
86
43
29
8
43
Serbs
4
32
119
74
407
121
165
54
33
Boshnjaks
1
4
6
9
21
30
4
0
3
Roma
0
3
11
3
33
27
0
0
2
Ot hers
1
15
21
17
352
15
1
0
3
Statistics - Problems
Type of penal acts per year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Vrasje
5
3
5
1
18
2
1
0
0
Sulm
3
22
53
43
34
57
24
12
32
Zjarvenje
0
5
2
7
495
13
0
0
0
Vjedhje
1
7
8
5
36
41
1
0
0
Demet Kriminale
1
16
59
48
127
37
17
6
21
Kano sje
0
14
42
48
72
0
13
4
8
Te tjera
4
6
25
0
97
60
6
2
7
PEMI versus EMI
Incidents affecting minority communities versus
PEMI/EMI
1000
900
800
700
600
500
Incidents
400
EMI/PEMI
300
200
100
0
From
August
2005
2006
2007
1st half of
2008
# of cases according to victims ethnicity
0% 7%
7%
29%
K-Albanians
K-Roma
57%
K-Serbs
K-Others
K-Bosnians
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EULEX Statistics
January till April 2009
80
70
Mitrovica
60
Peja
Prizren
50
Ferizaj
40
Gjilan
30
Prishtina
20
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Statistics Mitrovica/Mitrovicë
January till April 2009
Mitrovica
60
50
40
30
20
Mitrovica
10
0
Kosovo Police Evaluation
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IE crimes are dealt with in the same way as any
other crime
No specific structure or assigned officers
Investigations are generally well conducted
Problem : no cooperation of population
Recognizing of IE Crimes/recording as such
Underreporting
RESPECTED AUDIENCE!
Questions ?