Transcript APA Style - TCC OWL Home Page

APA Style
The Basics
NEC FACET Center
Why use APA?
• Allows others to
access your sources
• Establishes
credibility
• Helps you stay
organized
• Prevents plagiarism
Setting up your paper:
• One-inch margins
• Double-spaced
• Title page – centered text placed in top half of
page
• Page number in header (right justified)
• Title of essay in header (left justified, all
capital letters)
Breakdown of APA
•Title page
•Parenthetical citations
•Reference page
Title Page Example
Running Head: ALCOHOL USE AMONG TEENS
Alcohol Use Among Teens
Jane B. Smith
Tulsa Community College
1
First Page of Paper
ALCOHOL USE AMONG TEENS
2
Alcohol Use Among Teens
Begin typing your essay here. Remember to
left justify, indent the first line of each paragraph,
and double-space all text.
Use in-text citations when. . .
•Quoting
•Paraphrasing
•Summarizing
Source within a source
• Don’t quote a source that your source
has also quoted.
– Instead, find the original source and quote it
directly.
– This eliminates confusion within your paper
and the reference list.
How do citations work?
They direct your reader to your
reference page.
Include only the
necessary elements,
so I don’t become
confused.
Necessary Info
Year of publication
Page number
Author’s last name
Example:
In fact, one technician suggests, “General
wisdom of every new technology progresses
through four phases: Disbelief, Hype,
Backlash, and finally Acceptance or
Rejection” (Feeley, 2006, p. 53).
(Author’s last name, year,
and page number)
Another Approach:
In fact, Feeley (2006) suggests, “General
wisdom of every new technology progresses
through four phases: Disbelief, Hype,
Backlash, and finally Acceptance or
Rejection” (p. 53).
When introducing a
quote by an author, info
in parenthesis changes.
What info would you
provide in the parenthesis?
A recent report indicates, “The Anycast Station
features a six-input 4:2:2 video switcher, and
audio mixer . . . and server” (_Mill,
_ _2006,
_ _ _p. _42_ ).
What info would you
provide in the parenthesis?
Lester (2004) argues, “few realize the price
they pay for such extremities” (_ _ p._ 32
_ _ _ ).
A source with no author?
However, some speculate, “35% will
adopt these new systems by next year”
(_“America’s,”
_ _ _ _ _ 2006,
_ _ _p._93_ _).
Use quotation
marks for titles of
articles or chapters
and italics for titles
of books.
If the source doesn’t list an
author or editor, provide the
first one or two words of the
title.
A source with multiple authors?
3 to 6 authors first reference:
(Kelly, Richer, & Switz, 2006, p.32)
3 to 6 authors subsequent references:
(Kelly et al., 2006, p.32)
7 or more authors:
(Kelly et al., 2006, p. 32)
Misc. APA Rules
• Quotes longer than 40 words should be
indented 5 spaces.
• When summarizing, do not give a page
number (only use last name and publication
year).
Reference Page
Author
Publication
Information
Title of the Work
Other Necessary
Information
Book with one author:
Simmons, L. (2004). Six steps to combating
ignorance. Durham, NC: Duke University
Press.
Last name, First initial. (pub. Year). Title of
book. Publication city: Publisher.
Book with two or more authors:
Cleve, K., & Russell, M. (2005). A nation at a
glance: America in the twentieth century.
New York: Glenhaven.
Cleve, K., Palmer N., & Russell, M. (2005). A
nation at a glance: America in the
twentieth century. New York: Glenhaven.
Source with 7 or more authors: in-text citation - list only the
first author; reference page - list all authors’ names
Article in an edited book or
anthology:
Smith, A. (2002). Editing for clarity. In R.M.
Miller (Ed.), Writing with precision (pp.
120-132). Detroit: St. Martin’s Press.
Last name, First initial. (pub. Year). Title of
article or chapter. In Editor’s name (Ed.),Title
of book (pp. ). Publication city: Publisher.
Article from a database:
Moser, P., & Mun, T. (2004). Supply and
demand. Business First, 32 (2), 34-37.
Retrieved March 10, 2010, from General
BusinessFile ASAP database.
Last name, First initial. (pub. Year). Title of
Article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), pp.
Retrieved date, from database name.
Document in a website:
U.S. Department of State. (1997). Germany:
Economic policy and trade practices,
1996. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from
http://tradeport.org/ts/countries/germany.html
Name of organization or author. (pub. Year). Title
of document. Retrieved date, from website url
Source with unknown
author or editor. . .
Start with the title—everything else is the same.
Book with unknown author:
Taking control. (1999). New York: Norton.
Source with
Organization as Author. . .
Hawaii Department of Education. (2005).
Kauai district schools, profile 2004-05.
Honolulu, HI: U.S. Government Printing
Office.
List the name of the
organization as the author.
For each reference page
entry. . .
• Invert each author’s name • Italicize all book and
journal titles.
• Put publication year in
parenthesis after author
• Do not italicize or use
info
quotation marks around
article titles.
• In titles of books and
articles, capitalize the first
• Give the state only if the
word of the title and
city is not well-known.
subtitle and any proper
• Use a hanging indent .
nouns.
• In titles of journals,
capitalize first word and all
When in doubt, look
other important words.
it up!
Example of a Reference Page
ALCOHOL USE AMONG TEENS
11
References
Amanae, O. (2006). The basics of troubleshooting. Technology
in a Modern Age Journal, 41, 72-79. Retrieved from
Lexis-Nexis database.
Brazil, K., & Mayes, S. (2005). Keys to aesthetics: The look of
HDV technology. Denver: Green Publishers.
Luther, L. (2005). Incorporating technology into the workplace.
Business Forum, 35, 322-326.
Again. . .
Consult a writing
handbook when questions arise.
I don’t bite—at
least not very
hard.
Helpful Websites
• www.apastyle.org
• owl.english.purdue.edu
• http://lrc.tulsacc.edu
Other Resources
•FACET Center
– Writing handbooks
– Editing help
•LRC
– APA Manual
– Bibliomaker