Transcript FBI Forensics Case Presentation

By: Antonia Lin, David Kim, Reilly Flodin
In Collaboration With: Eric Walker, Nhi
Nguyen, Taylor Andrews

“The scene at Dr. Doodle Donley’s Monarch University laboratory
is a depressing one. Dr. Doodles Donley’s laboratory investigated
bacterial and viral pathogens. Apparently Dr. Donley had
recently been honored with the prestigious “Scientist of the Year”
award and she was throwing a party to honor herself. The entire
University was invited. At around 2 am, the night security guard
was making his rounds, and he noticed a light on in Dr. Donley’s
lab. The place was a mess…the remains of a “rockin” party was
obvious, but Dr. Donley’s bruised and battered body was a
surprise. The security guard called the Monarch University police
at 2:05 am. The police determined that several vials were
missing from the level 4 containment room and Dr. Donley was
presumed to have been attacked by some sort of foulish play.
Apparently Doodles was an expert in the field of microbiology. In
other words, she studied virii and bacteria. So far it has been
determined that several vials of Mycobacterium leprae and HIV
were missing. Luckily Dr. Donley’s injuries were not life
threatening; however, she did seem to have a concussion and
couldn’t identify the attacker(s).” ( VERBATIM FROM THE FBI
REPORT)
 The
FBI and a special Monarch homeland
security team have been called in to
investigate. We are part of this team and it
is our job to learn as much as we can about
pathogens and forensic science techniques to
figure out which pathogen was stolen, the
possible plans for the pathogen, and bring to
justice Dr. Donley’s attackers. We will
conduct interviews, collect evidence and
carry out labs, use the internet, and take
notes from Dr./General Barium Sir! (Donley’s
long lost cousin) to learn as much as we can
in FBI Bootcamp.
The last type is by extracting DNA from the root
of the hair to use in DNA analysis. The root of
the hair is also useful because by examining it
scientists can determine if the hair fell out
naturally, or was pulled out by force.
 Hair analysis is very useful for cold cases
because it can still be examined long after other
samples, like blood or urine, have become
unusable. Hair can also be used to link people to
crime scenes.
 While it does not prove they are guilty of the
crime, it can prove that they were on the scene.

 Primary
transfer is when someone loses a
hair from their head, or wherever. This is
common, since humans shed about 100 hairs
per day.
 There is also secondary transfer. This is when
someone’s pet sheds some hair on them, and
then the hair is transferred to the crime
scene.
 Hair
analysis is a relatively controversial field.
The standards used for processing the hair,
like cutting, washing and collecting it vary.
 False positives for drug use can occur,
especially if someone has been exposed to
the drug second hand.
 Hair dyes and hair care products may also
affect the results. The competence of the
examiner also effects how accurate the
results are.
The study of lip prints is called Cheiloscopy.
 After the idea for analyzing lip prints was
introduced in the 19050’s, Japanese scientists
began researching it. It became clear that each
person has their own unique lip print, just as
they have a unique fingerprint.
 This is because the lip has elevations and
depressions that pattern its surface.
 In forensics, lip prints can be collected off a
wide variety of surfaces, including: clothing,
cups, glasses, cigarettes, windows and doors.
Interestingly, lip prints must be collected from
the diseased before they have been dead 24
hours or they will not be correct.

 Lip
prints are classified by several different
types.
-Type 1is vertical grooves in the lip.
-Type 1’ is the same type of grooves as type
one, but the grooves do not go the entire
length of the lip.
-Type 2 is branched grooves across the lip.
-Type 3 is intersecting grooves.
-Type 4 is reticular grooves.
-Type 5 is other patterns that may occur
across the lip.
Types 1, 1’, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
 Fingerprints
are unique impressions left
behind from someone touching something.
These impressions have distinct patterns,
and anyone can be identified through their
fingerprints. Even identical twins with
exactly the same DNA have different
fingerprints.
 Fingertips have microscopic pores that
secrete oils and sweat that leave a residue
anywhere that the fingers touch.
 Fingerprints
are very useful in identifying
criminals at crime scenes because almost no
crimes are committed without using one’s
hands.
 There are three classes of fingerprints,
plastic, visible, and latent. Plastic prints are
fingerprints that make an impression on a
pliant surface like putty or tacky paint.
 Visible prints are made when someone has a
material on their fingers that leaves a visible
mark, like blood or makeup.
Latent prints are the most common and are
made of the oils and residues on the hands, but
can only been seen using one of many chemical
techniques. One of the most common
techniques is dusting.
 This is done by dipping a very soft brush into a
fine powder, usually black, gray, white or red.
The detective then carefully brushes the powder
over the print and blows the excess away.
 The powder sticks to the oils and residues left by
the finger. Once the print becomes visible, it is
photographed and then lifted using a special
type of tape. Some other methods are:

Some other methods are:
 Chemical - ninhydrin is attracted to the amino
acids and can lift prints on paper.
 Iodine fumes can be used to lift fingerprints on
paper- reacts with oils, turning them brownishviolet.
 Surfaces that have fingerprints can be dipped
into or sprayed with silver nitrate, which turns
black with salt.
 Superglue fumes make white crystals in the
presence of moisture in fingerprints also used.
 Specialized light sources (lasers and ultraviolet
lights) can be used when chemical doesn’t work.

Fingerprints are classified by whether they are
arches, loops or whorls.
 Loops are the most common, then whorls, and
very few are arches.
 Arches are divided into plain arches, which are
symmetric arched friction ridges and tented
arches, which become so narrow that their core
is a single friction ridge.
 Loops look like a cursive ‘e’, but can be slanted
to either side of the finger. They are divided
into radial loops, which flow towards the thumb,
and ulnar loops, which flow towards the little
finger.

 Whorls
are circular or spiral shapes. They
are subdivided into plain whorls, double
loops whorls, central pocket whorls, and
accidentals. (8 subcategories).
 To identify a fingerprint, experts start with
the basic patterns of the ridges, but depend
heavily on the details called minutiae within
fingerprints.
 These minutiae include ridge endings, dots,
short ridges, bifurcations, and trifurcations.
Also, the sweat pores and oils pores can be
used as markers.
Hair analysis is a forensic field that dates as far
back as the 1800’s. Modern technology has
revolutionized the field however.
 There are 3 types of analysis forensic scientists
can do on a hair to test for various things.
 One is chemical tests, which can tell the
scientists if the owner of the hair has used illegal
drugs, or has any nutritional deficiencies.
 Another type is to study the hair under a
microscope to compare it to another hair to
determine if they are from the same person or
animal.

Blood is a very useful piece of evidence for
identifying someone. For example, when a stain
is found at a crime scene, after identifying it as
blood by using a solution that changes color
when it comes into contact with blood, it can be
tested to see who it is.
 To do this, the blood type is tested, using only a
few of the 100 plus antigens.
 Serologists (blood studiers) use many techniques,
but the most common is ABO testing, which tells
whether the blood’s owner is A, AB, B or O blood
type. It is done by using two solutions that
contain antibodies to type A and type B antigens.

 The
blood clumps around the solution that
has antibodies that correspond to its antigens.
 The people the blood stain could be can be
further narrowed down by using the Rh factor,
which tests whether or not a protein known
as Rh factor is present.
 DNA
fingerprinting is another technique used
to identify people by the evidence left
behind. The sample of DNA is usually taken
from a blood sample left at a crime scene.
 First, it is replicated using the PCR
(polymerase chain reaction) technique. This
technique involves synthetic proteins copying
certain sections of the DNA many times,
usually the STR loci.
 Short
tandem repeats (STR) is a highly
polymorphic region of the DNA that repeats a
section usually about 4 base pairs long,
which can be used to tell the difference
between multiple suspects.
 The true power of differentiation comes
from the multiple loci that STR exists at,
which can tell the difference between a
large number of people. The probability of
two people having the same STR loci is 1 in
1,000,000,000,000,000,000 theoretically, but
in practice is more likely.
HIV is a lentivirus, or a virus that can deliver a
lot of genetic into the DNA of a host cell.
Lentiviruses have the capability to replicate in
non-dividing cells. This lentivirus, HIV, causes
AIDS (aquired immunodeficiency syndrome).
 AIDS is a condition in which failure of the
immune system permits life-threatening cancers
to flourish.
 HIV infection arises by the transfer of preejaculate, semen, breast milk, or vaginal fluid.
In these bodily fluids, HIV is present as a virus
within infected immune cells and free virus
particles.
 HIV progresses to AIDS at a varying rate affected
by host, viral, and environmental factors. HIV
infects important cells in the human immune
system like helper T cells and macrophages.

 Four
major routes of transmission:
- Breast milk
- Unsafe sex
- Transmission from an infected mother to
her baby at birth
- Contaminated needles
Currently there is no cure for HIV and AIDS, but
there are treatments that can slow down the
path of the disease.
 One treatment that is making life with HIV/AIDS
is called HAART, or highly active antiretroviral
therapy. HAART is commonly called the “AIDS
cocktail" because it is mix of drugs. It is a
powerful combination of at least 3 active
antiretroviral medications.
 The goal of AIDS cocktails today is to decrease
the virus in the blood the so it’s no longer
detected. HAART is a very effective treatment
and it can delay progression to AIDS, can help
restore and sustain the immune system, and
ease problems.
 HIV medications are obtainable with fewer shortand long-term side effects and taking more than
one drug assist to prevent drug resistance.

 Facts:
- Without treatment, the net median survival
time after HIV infection is expected to be 911 years.
- HIV infects ~ 0.6% of the world's population.
- UNAIDS estimated that 33.3 million people
were living with HIV at the end of 2009.
Various bodily symptoms are shown here.
Leprosy is a chronic disease produced by the
bacteria Mycobacterium leprae and
Mycobacterium lepromatosis.
 Someone with leprosy can be seen with lesions
on their skin. If not treated, leprosy can be
progressive, causing lasting damage to the
nerves, eyes, skin, and limbs.
 Leprosy is known to be neither sexually
transmitted nor extremely infectious after
treatment.
 About 95% of people are naturally immune and
sufferers of leprosy are no longer infectious after
2 weeks of treatment.
 Most think that Mycobacterium leprae is spread
from person to person in respiratory droplets.

 Epidemiology
:
- From 141 countries and territories, the
global registered frequency of leprosy at the
beginning of 2010 was 211,903 cases.
- Most formerly highly endemic countries
have now reached elimination of leprosy.
 Leprosy can leave open wounds susceptible
to gangrene. Gangrene is “localized death
and decomposition of body tissue, resulting
from either obstructed circulation or
bacterial infection” (Google definition).
With gangrene, after enough rotting of the
skin, limbs can fall off.
 Prevention:
In a recent trial, a single dose of
rifampicin decreased the rate at which
contacts acquired leprosy in the two years
after contact by 57% and 265 treatments
with rifampicin prevented one case of
leprosy in this period.
 Present Recommendations:
- Pauci-bacillary leprosy: 1-5 skin lesionsTreat with rifampicin and dapsone for 6
months.
-Multi-bacillary leprosy: More than 5 skin
lesions- Treat with rifampicin, clofazimine
and dapsone for 12 months.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dr. Lazarus Dangerkitty (Mr. Vass)
Dr. Red Walrus (Mr. Walker)
Dr. Thomas Canada (Mr. Thomas)
Dr. Kelvin High (Mr. Lowe)
Dr. Ian Still (Mr. Stillian)
 Blood
underneath Dr. Donley’s fingernails: Dr.
Kelvin High (Mr. Lowe) = B Lip prints on two glasses matching: Dr.
Donley and Dr. Dangerkitty.
 Fingerprints on Dr. Donley’s glass: Dr. Donley,
and Dr. Kelvin High.
 Pet hair found on Dr. Donley’s sleeve: Dr.
Dangerkitty’s favorite cat.
Party scene: There are multiple glasses,
one of which is spilled over. Spilled liquid
is evident, as well as blood stains. There
is a cutting board, a knife, and a tipped
over chair. Signs indicate a struggle.
Findings indicate that blood is from
suspect #3, otherwise known as Dr. Kelvin
High.
Party Scene: Multiple lip stains, one of
which has traces of lipstick.
Party Scene: There are multiple
glasses, one of which is spilled over.
Spilled liquid is evident, as well as
blood stains. There is a cutting
board, a knife, and a tipped over
chair. Signs indicate a struggle.
Findings indicate that blood is from
suspect #3, otherwise known as Dr.
Kelvin High. (Close-up).
Lab scene: There was a
lab coat with two samples
of hair; both animal and
human hair.
Lab scene: Bunsen burner, tongs, beaker, and a test
tube.
Lab scene: Bunsen burner,
tongs, beaker, and a test tube
Actual crime scene: Shoe print,
and blood stain. Blood is not from
Dr. Donley. Shoe print is approx
size 1 to 11 ½.
Actual Crime Scene: Consists of Body
outline and Shoe print, and blood stain.
Blood is not from Dr. Donley. Shoe print
is approx size 1 to 11 ½.
Fingerprints:
Catalogue of
multiple fingerprints
from multiple
people, including
Sloopy Stretch, Ian
Still, Kelvin High,
Thomas Canada,
and Gerty Rice.
Fingerprints: Catalogue of multiple
fingerprints from multiple people,
including Sloopy Stretch, Ian Still, Kelvin
High, Thomas Canada, and Gerty Rice.
Insurance Letter: Consists of a insurance policy dated 5/3/05 at
9 in the morning, insuring Dr. Donley’s brain for one million
dollars. Benefactors include all members of Monarch University,
with exact amounts determined by the department chair.
Diary Entries: Consist of multiple diary entries from Dr. Donley.
Range from January to February in 2006. Reflects her views of
her colleagues, none positive. Last entry, on 2/4, says that she
has made some kind of discovery, but is wary that others will use
the information.




After Dr. Donley was rewarded with the prestigious “Scientist of
the Year” award, many of her colleagues were jealous, not only
of her prestige, but also of the grant money awarded.
They believed that she was being egotistical for organizing a
party to celebrate her achievement, or praise herself.
Dr. Lazarus Dangerkitty, one such colleague who appears to be
quite ominous about his loss, decides to use this time in order to
get Dr. Donley out of the way once and for all to pursue his
dreams to send felines into outer space. Because of his
unorthodox ideas, Dr. Dangerkitty, he is often short of funding.
He plans to kill Dr. Donley and retrieve her insurance claim she
has put on her brain. He then decides to steal the newly
discovered bacteria and HIV virii, and transform the virii Dr.
Donley created in order to further his own career.
Dr. Kelvin High has had a long standing issue with Dr. Donley. In
early years, he was infatuated with Dr. Donley. However, as the
years went on, this infatuation festered into disgust. Dr. High
doesn’t feel he garners the respect he deserves from Dr. Donley
for his accomplishments. He’s constantly trying to get the respect
of one he believes to be of high standing.
 Once
upon a time, Dr. Donley was preparing
for her jamming party. It was to be the
greatest party Monarch University had ever
seen. Music, to attract more guests, would
include dubstep and whatnot (womp, womp,
womp, etc). Guests would include all of the
university, to ensure the fun would continue.
But what’s a party without condiments? “Oh
goodness,” Dr. Donley thought to herself,
“there seems to be no time nowadays (what
with all the forensics projects I need to
grade). Better run and get the food!” And
she was off.
 Well
on her way to Costco in her fuel
efficient Prius, Dr. Donley passed by a sign in
the road. It read: “Beware. The end is near.”
Not an advocate for superstitions and such,
Dr. Donley ignored the warning. How could
she pay attention to them? She was in a dire
need of an assortment of chips, soda, and
snacks! Dr. Donley ran though the aisles and
obtained the beloved snacks and was well on
her way to the party roughly an hour later. It
was already ten minutes to the party!
 The
party was killer, both literally and
figuratively. People, unsure of how to dance
at a science party, were awkwardly moving
to the beat. However, Dr. Donley took center
stage, amazing everyone with her godly
dance skills. It seems she was talented in
just about everything. This didn’t play well
with her jealous colleagues, although it
entertained her students to no end.
Exhausted, Dr. Donley moseyed on over to
the food area.
 Over
the drinks, Dr. Donley meets her
colleagues. Among the colleagues is, of
course, Dr. Dangerkitty. As he is conversing
with Dr. Donley, he takes an opportunity to
spike her drink with cyanide as she looks
away to greet another guest. He then quietly
slips away. Dr. Donley, returning to her drink,
notices a faint almond smell. She
immediately suspects the person she is
talking to, Dr. Kelvin High. Angry, she takes a
nearby knife resting on the cutting-board and
threatens him to leave.
 All
guests, having smelled the cyanide,
proceed to leave the party, including Dr.
Kelvin High. The crowd then leaves the party,
with Dr. High sneaking off to Dr. Donley’s lab.
Here, he reads her personal diary, appalled
with what he reads. This was the last straw.
He gathers various weapons, including a gun,
machete, ninja stars, and a flamethrower. He
proceeds to Dr. Donley’s party.
 The
time is now: epic ninja fight scene.
Perhaps an adequate description of the
following would be a compilation of every
cheesy ninja/action movie in human
existence. Anyways, Dr. High returns to the
room, armed. He starts off big, using his
flamethrower in a futile attempt to kill the
heroic Dr. Donley. Dr. Donley, having
anticipated a moment like this, had
biologically enhanced her bodily functions.
She, in a Matrix-esque move, dodges the
flame with ease.
 Infuriated,
Dr. Kelvin High proceeds to throw
ninja stars. Dr. Donley dodges all and
suddenly leaves all of Dr. High’s weapons
useless. Dr. High, proceeds with his own
physical barrage, and Dr. Donley is mildly
thrown back. They are in the middle of the
party room, sparks flying, in the most
intensive martial arts combat one could ever
witness. Dr. Donley, in attempt to leave a
spiting scar on Dr. High, affectively scratches
Dr. High, leaving his blood beneath her
fingernails.

Dr. High then deals a finishing blow to Dr.
Donley’s head, and in a fit of maddening and
catty rage, Dr. High retreats, and Dr. Donley is
left alone again, panting for breath and
incapacitated. Meanwhile, Dr. Dangerkitty, in
the midst of all the fighting, stealthily sneaks
into Dr. Donley’s lab. While here, he steals her
bacterial research and catches his eye on the
insurance papers. Realizing how much money he
could gain from these, he steals them. He then
leaves. Passing the party on his way back to his
own lab, he sees Dr. Donley incapacitated and
proceeds to incapacitate her further, accurately
depicting his sick and vile ways.
 Unfortunately
for Dr. Dangerkitty, Dr. Donley
recuperates for one final defensive move and
fights him as well. Dr. Dangerkitty, using his
kittens as lethal killing machines, proves to
be too much for Dr. Donley. Dr. Donley,
determined, proceeds to knock out jawdropping numbers of demon kittens, and in
doing so doesn’t notice Dr. Dangerkitty
behind her back! He strikes her head once
more, and finally leaves the party, now
effectively in its own right, a crime scene.