Transcript BIM
Introduction to BIM BIM Curriculum 01 Topics History / Overview From 2D to BIM The BIM Concept Future Trends Evolution of AEC CAD 2D solutions Electronic drafting board 3D solutions Modeling for purely visualization purposes BIM solutions Models with integrated architectural information Construction Coordination (5D) Timing/scheduling and Cost estimation AEC CAD Timeline 1960 Experimental CAD in research 1970 1980 Commercial CAD on mainframes and workstations Commercial CAD on personal computers 1990 BIM 4D-5D CAD Commercial 3D CAD Hand Drafting 100% 3D CAD 50% BIM CAD usage % 2D CAD 4-5D CAD 0% 1980 1990 2000 Working Concept - 2D CAD Draft everything in 2D No 3D model is created Design changes maintained manually on every drawing Typically, each drawing is saved in its own file Evaluation - 2D CAD Benefits Compared to hand drafting • • • • Faster modifications Accuracy Smart drafting tools (fills, dimensions) Repetitive elements (blocks, xrefs) Compared to other CAD methods • • • Easy to understand concept (electronic drafting) Relatively small files due to reduced data Quick (but less intelligent) solution for all building types Drawbacks • • • • Changes on one drawing don’t influence other drawings Drawing coordination is essential No more content compared with hand drawing Collisions and other design problems are difficult to identify Working Concept – 3D CAD The application has both 2D and 3D capabilities Buildings can be modeled in 3D if necessary 3D and 2D information can be included in a single file Drawings can be partially derived from the model No automatic documentation Application mostly works with 2D and 3D drawing tools instead of real architectural elements Additional content can be created including visualization and basic quantity take-offs Project File Drawings Manual or automatic update 3D Model Evaluation– 3D CAD Benefits Compared to 2D CAD • Easier checking of planning errors • Managing changes is easier • Visualization and calculation Compared to BIM • Users may work purely in 2D if they wish • Smaller file size • Easier to model complex geometries Project File Drawings Manual or automatic update Drawbacks (compared to BIM) • • • Concept doesn’t follow the architectural design process Documentation is not fully automatic No architectural content like in BIM applications 3D Model The BIM Concept BIM= Building Information Modeling Also known as „Virtual Building” or „Building Simulation” Drawings, building views, visualizations, calculations and quantity take-offs are automatically derived from the 3D model. Working Concept – BIM Single file concept: The complete building model and all of its representations are included in the BIM file Real architectural elements used for modeling Changes of the model affect all related drawings (and vice versa) Automatic generation and updating of documentation Architectural content (libraries) Building information data attached to the elements Additional materials (rendering, animation, quantity take-offs, schedules) Evaluation– BIM Benefits Compared to 2D and 3D CAD • Elements have architectural meaning • Changes on one drawing have influence on all others • Rich visualization content (animation, sun studies, renderings etc.) • Automatic quantity take-offs, schedules • Connection to structural, energy calculation, collision detection etc. software Drawbacks • Higher training requirements • Might be difficult to learn the BIM approach for people who were previously 2D users • Might be more difficult to handle complex geometry (e.g. freeform structures) then in 3D and 2D CAD Real Architectural Elements - BIM Drawing representation Model representation • • • • • Floor plan, section and elevation views Adjustable contours, fills, backgrounds Scale sensitivity 3D shapes connected to drawing elements Surface color and texture Non-graphical information • • • • Material descriptions Quantities, volumes Cost Values specific to certain elements (e.g. lux values of lights, fire resistance of doors) Model Based Documentation - BIM Coherence between model and drawing All drawings derived from the model Model itself coordinates drawings Automatic scale change The complete project lifecycle can be controlled from a single file Rich 3D visualization content helps you to win the job Estimation-BIM Additional information attached to the model • • • Quantity Materials Descriptions Product details Construction details Safety details • BIM DATA 3D model Cost Instant Calculation • • • Quantity take-offs Room Inventories Door-Window Schedules Calculations Collaboration -BIM The AEC industry is moving towards integration of disciplines. The collaborative mode will become a standard approach. Only advanced datasharing technology will enable effective enough communication to support this working method. Areas of collaboration: Internal External External Collaboration-BIM The BIM data can be shared with the project stakeholders via: IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) DXF-DWG (Autocad Drawing) PDF (Portable Document Format) XML (Extensible Markup Other native CAD file formats Language) Internal Collaboration-BIM Central File Advanced BIM applications allow the seamless sharing of the virtual building data between the project team members Workspace 3 Workspace 2 The teamwork approach: Central file contains the complete virtual building database Team members work on local copies Team members have dedicated workspaces Team members send and receive changes regularly Workspace 1 Send & receive changes Local Copy 1 Local Copy 2 Local Copy 3 Analysis, Coordination-BIM Further processing the BIM data allows a wide range of analytical activities: Jetstream from NavisWorks Code checking (collision detection) Energy efficiency analysis Structural analysis EnergyPlus Xsteel from Tekla Trends: Construction Coordination Construction industry is moving towards automated solutions. Adding time and cost information to the 3D model results the virtual construction model. Time (4D) Cost (5D) Linked Schedules BIM Model (3D) Linked Estimating Recipes Virtual Construction Workflow Constructability Analysis and Coordination Schedule 5D Model Cost Estimate Project Control Accounting 2D Drawings Procurement Fabrication