Transcript Insects - ITCS Instructional Materials, University of Illinois

Who Am I?
Insects
Insects
• Phylum Arthropoda
(means jointed foot)
• Class Insecta
includes all the true
insects
• Class Arachnida
spiders, mites, ticks
Classification of Insects
Phylum Arthropoda:
• Segmented body
• Exoskelton
• Open circulatory system
• Ventral nervous system
• Paired segmented appendages
• Respiration by gills or trachea
• Separate sexes
Insect characteristics
• Six legs
• Three body regions
(head,thorax,abdomen)
• Antennae
• Wings (most)
• Chewing or piercingsucking mouthparts
Insect Anatomy
Exoskelton
• Protection and support
• Receptor of stimuli
• Movement
Body region functions
• Head
taste, feel, eat
• Thorax
walk,jump,fly
• Abdomen
breathe, digest, excrete,
reproduce
Head
• Antennae- sensory
• Eyes- sight
compound or simple
• Mouthparts:
piercing/sucking,
rasping/sucking,
sponging,chewing/lapping, cutting/sponging,
siphoning
Examples of Mouthparts
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Chewing: beetle, wasp, caterpillar, ant
Siphoning: butterfly, moth
Piercing/sucking: flea,mosquito,aphid
Rasping/sucking: thrip
Sponging: housefly
Chewing/lapping: honeybee
Cutting/sponging: deerfly, horsefly
Thorax
Legs- movement
-3 pairs
Wings- movement & air/blood transport
- one pair of wings: mosquitoes
- two pairs of wings: dragonflies
- no wings: fleas
Abdomen
• Copulation, egg-laying and stinging
• Includes spiracles for gas exchange
• Ovipositor for egg-laying
-may be modified as a stinger
• Prolegs
-not true legs but outgrowths of abdomen
Life Cycle
• Complete
• Incomplete
• None/Ametabolous
Complete Life Cycle
• Stages
– Egg
– Larvae
– Pupa
– Adult
• Examples:
– Ant
– Bee
– Beetle
– Weevil
– Flea
http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/topics/growth.htm
Incomplete Life Cycle
• Examples
– Cricket
– Aphid
– Grasshopper
– Cicada
http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/topics/growth.htm
No Life Cycle -Ametabolous
• Examples
– Silverfish
– Springtail
http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/topics/growth.htm
Economic Damage
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None/Predatory
Destroys Fruit/Flower
Destroys Vegetative Parts (roots/leaves)
Destruction by Plant Fluid Removal
None/Predatory
• Examples-
– Honeybee
– Lady Beetle
Destroys Fruit/Flower
• Examples
– Bean leaf
beetle
– Corn earworm
ipmworld.umn.edu/chapters/hammond.htm
USDA, ARS
Destroys Vegetative Parts
(roots/leaves)
• Examples
– Japanese beetle
– European corn
borer
USDA, ARS
Destruction by Plant Fluid
Removal
• Example:
– Aphids
– Leafhopper
USDA, ARS
Slide Credits
• Phil Nixon
• Monica David, UIUC