Transcript What is an ICE - Pivotal Engineering

Pivotal Hydrogen
Internal Combustion Engine
“The right tool for the job”
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Scale of Opportunity
Pivotal Engine is a
A multi-application technology
It is a global industry opportunity
Pivotal will grow into a global powerunit provider bridging the chasm
between efficiency / low CO2 and
viability
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The engine industry is very mature so
incremental development has been the
safe option
But, the world is changing and
external forces are disrupting
‘business as usual’
New demands bring opportunity and
sometimes the simple solution is best
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What we have
Simple, highly developed and truly novel ICE
Multi-fuel capability
The ideal hydrogen fuel design
High thermal efficiency
High power density
Secured global IP
A comprehensive understanding of the
opportunities and the path to
commercialization
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What is an Internal Combustion Engine
?
A device that
processes fuel/air - harnesses combustion
Fuel
Torque
Engine
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Fuel characteristics dictate design
Hydrogen is a very different fuel so incremental changes to convert the old engine
will not deliver the hydrogen engine we need
Progress often demands that we take a step
back in order to head in the right direction
The Pivotal design presents a leapfrog
opportunity
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Hydrogen Combustion Characteristics
• Low volumetric power density
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Low energy required for ignition
High flame speed (at stoichiometric ratios)
High auto-ignition temperature
Short quenching distance
High diffusivity
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Hydrogen Combustion Characteristics
• Low volumetric power density
• Low energy required for ignition
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High flame speed (at stoichiometric ratios)
High auto-ignition temperature
Short quenching distance
High diffusivity
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High flame speed at or near-to
stoichiometric ratios
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Hydrogen Combustion Characteristics
• Low volumetric power density
• Low energy required for ignition
• High flame speed (at stoichiometric ratios)
• High auto-ignition temperature
• Short quenching distance
• High diffusivity
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The Water Cooled Pivotal Piston
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1996
1998
2000
2003
2006
The 400cc Motorcycle
•400 cc
•Twin chamber
•11000 RPM
•100 MPH
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1996
1998
2000
2003
2006
One Litre Twin Chamber Engine
•Water-cooled piston
•1000cc
•twin chamber
•100 hp
•6200 rpm
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1996
1998
2000
2003
2006
Pivotal DI Engine
•1000 cc
•Twin Chamber
•Orbital direct injection
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1996
1998
2000
2003
2006
Pivotal Light Sport Plane Engine
•Power 120 hp.
•Weight 120 lb.
•TBO 1000 hours.
•BSFC ½ lb.per hp/hr
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1996
1998
2000
2003
2006
30 kW military stand-alone Genset
•30 kW
•250 kg
•JP8 fuel
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Prototype 38kW Pivotal engine setup to test 30kW generator at
C.E. Niehoff in Illinois USA
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2 Litre Opposed Four Engine
65 kg and170 kW @ 6,000rpm or bus serieshybrid generator – 60 kW @2,800rpm
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High power density?
100 hp
100 hp
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Moving Mass takes Energy
More Mass
More Energy
More Fuel
More Emissions
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Compact Car with 230 HP
Pivotal Engine
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An Automotive Comparison
Toyota V6
Pivotal Opp 4
Capacity (cc
/CI)
Power (hp)
3000 / 183
2000 /122
220
220
Weight (lb)
380
160
Box Size (cu.ft) 12
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Do we use our car less?
or
do we take less car
with us?
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What will drive the change to a
hydrogen economy?
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Competition for reducing oil supplies
Public awareness on the effects of CO2
Cheap hydrogen from waste disposal
Clean domestic and industrial CHP
Storage and conversion of sustainably
produced power
• Clean City Programmes – Hydrogen buses,
taxis, delivery trucks, rubbish removal (other
captured fleets)
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The Pivotal Engine is the catalyst to grow
the hydrogen/electric economy
There is no insurmountable technology
gap
The full range of technologies needed to
deliver efficient hydrogen/electric hybrid
vehicles is available now.
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Project Role
Designer and assembler of the London H2 fleet
Hybrid System Integrator
Supplier of the Hybrid Propulsion System
Supplier of the Electric Storage System
Integrator of the selected Hydrogen
combustion engine into the vehicle
Combustion is still the best means to
convert hydrogen fuel to driving torque
The Pivotal engine is the low cost and
simple solution - it presents an opportunity
to develop new industry.
Good design - changes everything
YES WE CAN
Recognize - invest - work - prosper