CRITICAL THINKING in Nursing Practice: chapter 14

 “…active, organized, cognitive process used to carefully examine one’s thinking and the thinking of others.”  Involves use of MIND  Form conclusions  Make decisions  Draw inferences  reflect

BEGIN WITH:

Questions: 

What

do I

really know

nursing care situation?

about this 

How

do I know it?

 What options are available to me?

THREE INPORTANT ASPECTS

 REFLECTION: purposefully thinking back /recalling. Requires honest review  LANGUAGE: precise & clear resulting in clear message  INTUITION: inner sensing that something is so

THINKING AND LEARNING



LIFELONG PROCESS

 NURSING PRACTICE

ALWAYS

CHANGING

LEVELS OF CRITICAL THINKING IN NURSING 

BASIC – CONCRETE, BASED ON SET OF RULES OR PRINCIPLES



COMPLEX: “IT DEPENDS”



COMMITMENT: CHOOSE AN ACTION & STAND BY IT

CRITICAL THINKING COMPETENCIES

 Scientific method  Problem solving  Diagnostic reasoning and inference  Decision making  Clinical decision making

‘NURSES DO NOT MAKE MEDICAL DIAGNOSES, BUT THEY DO ASSESS AND MONITOR CLIENTS CLOSELY AND COMPARE THE CLIENTS’ SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS WITH THOSE THAT ARE COMMON TO A MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS.”

Nursing process

as a competency

 Five steps:  Assessment  Diagnosis  Planning  Implementation  Evaluation

SYSTEMATIC APPROACH



GATHER DATA



CRITICALLY EXAMINE & ANALYZE



IDENTIFY RESPONSE



DETERMINE PRIORITY



ESTABLISH GOALS & EXPECTED OUTCOMES



TAKE ACTION



EVALUATE

Critical thinking model, five components:  Knowledge base 

Attitudes



standards

 Experience  Competence

ATTITUDES FOR Critical Thinking  Confidence  Thinking independently  Fairness  Responsibility & accountability  Risk taking  Discipline  Perseverance  Creativity  Curiosity  Integrity  Humility

STANDARDS

 Intellectual standards: preciseness, accuracy, consistency  Professional standards: ethical criteria, scientific & practice-based criteria, criteria for professional responsibility “These standards “raise the bar” for the responsibilities and accountabilities that a nurse must assume in guaranteeing quality health care to the public.”