Transcript TOWARDS A GLOBAL DIET AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY STRATEGY

TOWARDS A GLOBAL DIET
AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
STRATEGY
APPROACH - PROGRESS - CHALLENGES
DEREK YACH
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES AND MENTAL HEALTH
World Health Organization
THE PROBLEM
• UNHEALTHY DIETS AND PHYSICAL
INACTIVITY ARE MAJOR
CONSTRIBUTORS TO THE BURDEN OF
DISEASE WORLDWIDE
• WHAT’S NEW?
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Global prevalence of diabetes
current estimates
• Number of people with diabetes:
– 177 million (154 million projected)
• Top 10 countries (number of people with
diabetes):
– India, China, USA, Indonesia, Russia,
Japan, UAE, Pakistan, Brazil, Italy
World Health Organization
Source: WHO/EIP Global Burden of Disease
Global prevalence of underweight and
obesity in adults for year 2000
by level of development
25
20
15
10
5
0
Global
Least developed
countries (45)
Developing
countries (75)
BMI < 17.00
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Economies in
transition (27)
Developed
market economy
countries (24)
BMI > 30.00
BMI = Body Mass Index
Source: WHO, SDE/NHD, 2000
NCD related mortality
• In the mid-90s in South Africa 17% of
all death were due to CVD, in China
34% and in Russia 55% *
• Between 2000 and 2020 deaths due to
cancer will increase from 2.6 to 3.5
million in developed countries and from
3.6 to 6.3 million in developing
countries#
World Health Organization
*Global Cardiovascular Infobase
# WHO National Cancer Control Programmes, 2002
NCD risk factors
• The behavioural factors lead to high blood
pressure & hypertension, blood glucose
intolerance & diabetes, elevated blood
cholesterol & hypercholesterol anaemia,
overweight and obesity.
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MAJOR RISKS FOR DEATH
Low income
countries
Middle income
countries
High income
countries
Underweight
High blood
pressure
Tobacco
Unsafe sex
Tobacco
(men)
High blood
pressure
High blood
pressure
Alcohol abuse
High cholesterol
Tobacco (men)
Low fruit consumption
& high cholesterol
High BMI
World Health Organization
NCDs are to a great extent
preventable diseases
• Evidence for prevention exists
• Population-based prevention is the most
cost-effective and the only affordable option
for major public health improvement in NCD
rates
• Major changes in population rates can take
place in a surprisingly short time
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Diet and risk of NCD
• Healthy diet, maintaining normal weight and
adequate physical activity throughout the life
span are the most effective ways of preventing
NCD
• Simple changes in lifestyles can powerfully
prevent chronic diseases and promote health
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WHO RESPONSE
• Science: WHO/FAO expert report; World Health
Report- Risks to Health 2002
• WHA resolutions - WHO Global Strategy
• DG statements
• Advocacy: World Health Day 2002, process for
Global Strategy
• Stakeholder involvement
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WHO/FAO expert consultation
report - example comments
• Physical activity is the key to obesity
• Its not the soft drinks
• Breastfeeding is bad for breast cancer
in baboons
• Reduced salt threatens iodine programs
• What about the nuts, spices…?
World Health Organization
OUR MANDATE
World Health Assembly 2002:
Resolution 55.23 on diet, physical activity and
health: calls for preparation of Global Strategy
World Health Organization
“High blood pressure and high blood cholesterol,
strongly linked to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular
diseases, are also closely related to excessive
consumption of fatty, sugary, salty foods. They
become even more dangerous when combined with
deadly forces of tobacco and excessive alcohol
consumption.
Obesity, a result of unhealthy consumption, is itself a
serious health risk”
Dr Gro Harlem Brundtland, Director General
55th World Health Assembly, Geneva
World Health Organization
I shall also reinvigorate WHO’s work on diet, food
safety and human nutrition – linking basic
research with efforts to tackle specific nutrient
deficiencies in populations and the promotion of
good health through optimal diets.
Dr Gro Harlem Brundtland, Director General
55th World Health Assembly, Geneva
World Health Organization
WHO Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health
WHA 2004
EB Jan 2004
Reference
group
Secretariat
Consultation Process
UN
agencies
Member
states
Civil
Society
Preparation of consultation process
World Health Organization
and finalization of expert report
Private
sector
STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT
• CLIMATE TO TALK
• DEFINE JOINT ACTIONS FOR GOOD
• ACKNOWLEDGE THAT SOME AREAS
WILL TAKE A LONG TIME
• ADDRESS GLOBAL DIVERSITY
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CHALLENGES
• NGO’s AND PRIVATE SECTOR’s AGENDA
IS VAGUE
• SCIENCE DISPUTED: MEDIA
CONTROVERSY DOMINATES
• COMPLEX TRADE-OFFS
• LONG TIME TO SEE RESULTS
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CHALLENGES TO NGOs
•
•
•
•
MORE COHERENT “DEMANDS”
OPEN DECLARATION OF INTERESTS
GLOBALLY APPLICABLE MESSAGES
ACKNOWLEDGE COMPLEXITY AND
TRADE-OFFS
• BROADER ALLIANCE OF NGOs
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