Transcript Statistics of families

Презентация выполнена учителем английского языка
МБОУ СОШ №19 г. Владимира Акининой Е.А.
Family Statistics in Russia
Family Statistics in Britain
Domostroy
Domostroy is a 16th century Russian set
of household rules, instructions and
advices pertaining to various religious,
social, domestic, and family matters of
the Russian society.
In modern Russia, the term Domostroy
has a pejorative meaning. It is
associated with patriarchal tyranny, as
exemplified by the following quotations:
A wife which is good, laborious, and
silent is a crown to her husband. Don't
pity a youngling while beating him: if
you punish him with a rod, he will not
die, but become healthier
Victorian Families
Upper and middle Class families
Working class families
Families were very important to Victorians.
They were usually large, with an average
family having at least 5 or 6 children. The
father was the head of the household. The
children would speak politely to him, and
call him “Sir”. The mother was responsible
for running the household and would usually
spend her time planning dinner parties or
visiting her dressmaker or friends. Children
saw very little of their parents and spent
most of the day in the nursery with a nanny
as Victorians firmly believe that a child
should be “ seen and not heard”!
It was common for poor families to have
as many as 9 or 10 children, many of
whom didn’t go to school. In Victorian
Britain, children as young as 3 or 4
years of age, worked up to 16 hours a
day in coal mines, in cotton mills and as
chimney sweeps. The father often
worked in a factory while the mother
was responsible for all the household
chores.
Family and Marriage
Russian families are large and friendly.
The meaning of the family in Russia is
not limited to the husband, wife and
children. It includes grandparents, aunts
and uncles, brothers, sisters, nephews
and nieces. The members of the Russian
family closely communicate with each
other and frequently get together,
especially on such family occasions as
birthdays and anniversaries.
Just like in any family, there might be
misunderstandings and even quarrels
among family members, however one
thing is certain: Russians cherish their
families and are always ready to help
their relatives in difficult times.
It’s common fact that British people
get married in their mid or even late
30s. They prefer to build their career
first and only then start a family.
Over the last 3 decades marriage
rates have fallen considerably and the
number of married couple families
have therefore fallen. Important drivers
of this trend are that men and women
are delaying getting married, or not
marrying at all.
The number of married couple families
decreased by 280,000 between 2001
and 2011 to 12 million in 2011.
Civil Union: Putting Feelings to the Test
Civil unions have been gaining
popularity in Russia lately. A civil
union is a relationship where a man
and a woman live together and
share household expenses without
officially registering a marriage.
Civil union is a great opportunity
for the young couple to test their
feelings and make sure they are
ready for a family life together.
A marriage becomes official when the
couple receives a wedding certificate in
the Civil Office (ZAGS) and gets married in
a civil ceremony. In addition to the official
civil ceremony, many newlyweds arrange
an Orthodox wedding ceremony in the
Church.
Cohabitation
In Britain there were 2.9 million opposite sex cohabiting couples in 2012.
1.1 million of these families had dependent children. This figure has doubled
in the last 15 years.
On average, cohabitations last less than two years before breaking up or
converting to marriage.
Less than 4% of cohabitations last for 10 years or more.
Cohabiting influences later marriages. The more often and the longer that
men and women cohabit, the more likely they are to divorce later.
Children born to cohabiting parents are more likely to experience a series of
disruptions in their family life.
Divorce
The figures provided by Rosstat
are depressing. In the first quarter of
2011 there were 185 959 marriages
and 153 405 divorces registered in
Russia. After divorce children may
stay with either their mother or father
but it's more common for mothers to
keep bringing them up. After divorce,
the father helps support his children
till they turn 18 years old—the age
when a child is considered an adult in
Russia. The support comes in the
form of monthly payments called
"алименты" (alimony).
The number of divorces in England and
Wales in 2011 was 117,558, an increase of
1.7 per cent since 2010, when there were
119,589 divorces.
The divorce rate decreased slightly in
2011 to 10.8 divorcing people per
thousand married population. It was from
12.9 per thousand in 2001.
Women and men in their late twenties had
the highest divorce rates in 2011.
Foster Family
The foster family is a family in which
persons who look after a child who is not
theirs either by blood or by adoption.
In 2010, the number of orphans in Russia
reached 697,000. This exceeded the 678,000
parentless children immediately after World
War II, when Russia lost 27 million people.
Two thirds of present-day orphans have
living parents who abandoned them.
There were 67,050 children in local authority
care in England in 2012. 50,260 (75 percent)
were in foster care placements. 3, 450
looked after children were adopted in 2012.
Single-Parent Families
The problem of one-parent families is
very up-to-date in Russia. The average
percentage of such families still
grows. Most of these one-parent
unions include a single mother with
her child or children. Single parenting
is strongly associated with an
increased risk of a number of negative
social, behavioral and emotional
outcomes for children.
Single-parent families are now so
common that couples living with
their children are the minority in
some parts of Britain.
Recent statistics show that there
are close to 2 million single-parent
families in the UK with the highest
proportion of children brought up in
one-parent families of any major
European country.
Family Policy in
Russia
In a message to the Federal Assembly in 2006,
President Putin formulated a series of measures to
stimulate the birth rate, including a large payment on
the birth of a second child. In particular, the "maternal
capital" law was passed under which the families
(mainly mothers) are allocated cash payments of $ 387
thousand 640 roubles for the mortgage, payment for
education, the increase to retirement savings etc.
The Russian Federation actively supports young families to reduce the number
of divorces. There is a special program in Russia that supports construction of
housing for young couples and provides favorable terms for home loans.
Many Russian families bring up three or more children. These families are called
многодетные (large families) and receive discounts on electricity, gas, water,
education and public transport.
Early Marriage:
Why is the amount of early marriages rapidly growing up?
Teen’s opinion:
I think, there are few reasons of early marriage. One of the most important
reasons is early pregnancy. The teen mother needs help for herself so she can’t
cope with looking after her baby and schoolwork and she drop out of school. In
most cases the father doesn’t help financially or emotionally.
Another reason is the desire of a teen to have his own family or teens want to
be independent, to solve their problems by themselves, to take care about
themselves.
The third reason may be that some guys marry to avoid the army. But the
results of young marriage are often bad, and these families are together not so
long. Statistics say 90% of these families breaks down in a year or two, only
rarely do marriages in youth end up happily.
To my point of view young couples who decide to marry early don’t have enough
consciousness to realize what they are doing. I’m sure that early marriage is not
normal for people in Russia and not a good idea for teens.
Источники
http://www.civitas.org.uk/hwu/cohabitation.pdf
http://www.nisra.gov.uk/demography/default.asp2.
htm
http://www.groscotland.gov.uk/statistics/theme/vitalevents/general/bmd-preliminary/2012.html
www.adoptionuk.org
http://www.google.ru
http://images.yandex.ru/