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JOINT RESEARCH AGREEMENT AIST - Biomass Technology Research Center and UFRJ – Chemistry Institute 01/07/2008 COLLABORATION AREA Research on Sustainable Biofuel Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass Resources 01/07/2008 Sustainable zero-carbon emission total system of biofuels production No competition with food production Bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass resources Mainly from sugarcane biomass residue (bagasse) Using non- acidic pretreatments Enzymatic hydrolysis Ethanol fermentation PRINCIPLES Estimate for 2008 (April 29th) •Biggest production ever From 607.8 to 631.5 million tons of sugarcane will be harvested Brazil will produce 26.4 - 27.4 billion liters of ethanol 4.2 billion liters will be exported (2.5 billion liters to the USA) Figures are 14.9% to 19.4% higher in comparison to 2007 Source: www.conab.gov.br Biomass Ethanol Sugarcane Plantation Haverst Non mechanized MechanizedStraw Ethanol from Biomass Residue Straw and/or Bagasse ETHANOL ENZYMATIC Saccharification Buffer treated corn stover Acknowledgement NREL - USA Enzyme treated corn stover Bagasse production and availability/year (kg) Total sugarcane production 600.000.000.000 Total bagasse production (28% of sugarcane - 50% moisture) 168.100.000.000 Total dry bagasse production 84.000.000.000 Surplus bagasse (12% dry bagasse) 10.000.000.000 Theoretical ethanol yield from sugarcane biomass cellulose 1 Kg of bagasse: 0.24L 10.000.000.000 Kg of bagasse: 2.400.000.000 L ETHANOL PRODUCTION VIA ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF SUGAR-CANE BAGASSE AND STRAW BRAZILIAN BIOETHANOL PROJECT Elba P. S. Bon - Scientific Coordinator Chemistry Institute Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil [email protected] 01/07/2008 The BIO-ETHANOL Project - Synopsis RESEARCH NETWORK to develop in Brazil the technology for the conversion of the sugarcane biomass (bagasse and straw) into fuel ethanol using enzymatic hydrolysis. Main Research Areas • Development of biomass pre-treatment processes for sugar cane bagasse and straw • Raw and pre-treated biomass characterization • Cellulases / xylanases production • Enzymatic hydrolysis • Sugars syrups characterization • Ethanol fermentation (C6) • C5 sugars and lignin uses • Energy optimisation • Effluents and water Process Overview Pre-treatment •Steam explosion •Milling Sugarcane biomass Harvest Pre treatment Enzymatic hydrolysis Enzyme Production Trichoderma reesei RUT C30 and Aspergillus awamori Fermentation Destilation Ethanol Enzymes Production Area Principles Enzyme cost contribution and effectiveness depends on the biomass source and pretreatment conditions Development of “tailored made” enzyme blends for sugarcane biomass Use of crude “cellulase/xylanase /accessory enzymes” preparations “In house” production to reduce cost Sugarcane bagasse enzymatic hydrolysis using Trichoderma reesei cellulase BIOMASS Sugarcane Bagasse Treated Sugarcane Bagasse HYDROLYSIS RESULTS Hydrolysis of STEAM TREATED bagasse in presence of an ACID CATALYST – Lund University (STBA - 53% cellulose) FPU/BGU HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS •GC 220 (Genencor) LAC: 1 Volume: 100 mL •Spezyme CP (Genencor) CG 220: 0,70 Bagasse conc.: 25 g/L •Produced on lactose (LAC) Spezyme CP: 0,75 ENZYME LOAD: 10 FPU/G g/L ENZYMES STBA Hydrolysis - 25g/L - 10 FPU/g 14 12 Yield em 48 h glucose g/L 10 8 6 LAC 71% GC 220 68% Spezyme CP 68% 4 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 Time (hours) LAC GC 220 Spezyme 50 60 Preliminary hydrolysis experiments using milled Eucalyptus provided by the AIST Biomass Research Centre JAPAN HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS USING Eucalyptus MILLING DOES NOT USE WATER, HIGH TEMPERATURE OR PRESSURE ALTER THE BIOMASS COMPONENTS CHEMICALLY (ADVANTAGE FOR BIOREFINARY) GENERATE INHIBITORS FOR THE HYDROLYSIS AND FERMENTATION STEPS GENERATE POLLUTANT WATER STREAMS AND SALT MAY BE EASIER TO SCALE UP IN COMPARISON TO STEAM EXPLOSION IT IS SAFER TO OPERATE ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND MAINTENANCE ARE THE SENSITIVE ASPECTS MILLED EUCALYPTUS HYDROLYSIS RESULTS Milled Eucalyptus particle size: 25 micrometer Eucalyptus contains 42% of cellulose Hydrolysis: biomass 25g/L, 10 FPU/g, 50ºC, 200 rpm Hydrolysis yields: 98% using the ENZYTEC blend and 92% using the Acremonium enzyme Faster process using the ENZYTEC enzyme HYDROLYSIS RESULTS Hydrolysis of STEAM TREATED bagasse in presence of an ACID CATALYST – Lund University (STBA - 53% cellulose) FPU/BGU HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS •GC 220 (Genencor) LAC: 1 Volume: 100 mL •Spezyme CP (Genencor) CG 220: 0,70 Bagasse conc.: 25 g/L •Produced on lactose (LAC) Spezyme CP: 0,75 ENZYME LOAD: 10 FPU/G g/L ENZYMES STBA Hydrolysis - 25g/L - 10 FPU/g 14 12 Yield em 48 h glucose g/L 10 8 6 LAC 71% GC 220 68% Spezyme CP 68% 4 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 Time (hours) LAC GC 220 Spezyme 50 60 Sugarcane biomass hydrolysis using the ENZITEC enzyme blend HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS (STBA – 53% cellulose) • 130 g/L of treated sugarcane bagasse • ENZITEC blend – 10 FPU/g • Sodium citrate buffer pH 4.8 • Temperature - 50ºC • Agitation - 200 rpm STBA HYDROLYSIS RESULTS Glucose Syrup 60 g/L (87%Yield) Ethanol fermentation Lignin STBA + ENZITEC Enzyme Solid hydrophobic fuel Obrigada!