Transcript Introduction to Nanotechnology

Introduction to Mechanical Engineering
GK12 Student: Kyle Barr
Professor Frank Fisher
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Stevens Institute of Technology
Web: http:://www.stevens.edu/nanolab
Email: [email protected]
Supported by: NSF Graduate Teaching Fellow in K-12 Education Program
Associated Institution: Stevens Institute of Technology - Hoboken, NJ
What does a mechanical engineer do?
• Here are some examples from the professors at Stevens:
– Materials design and modeling (advanced materials, composites, etc)
– Thermodynamics (engines, energy conversion, etc)
– Robotics and automated processes
– Manufacturing and metal forming
– Structural design
– Fluid mechanics
– Heat transfer and thermal design
– Vibrations and acoustics
– Emerging technologies: Micro-electrical-mechanical systems (MEMS),
Nanotechnology, etc
• These are examples of the “areas” of mechanical engineering…
• What are some applications of “fluid mechanics”?
Senior Design Projects in Mech Eng
• Autonomous Robotic Vacuum Cleaner
• Piezoelectric-based Energy Harvesting Methodology
• Formula SAE Competition: Suspension System
• Automated Medication Container Openers
• Heavy Lift Cargo Plane
• NASA Exploration Systems Mission Project
• Design of a Robotic Push Golf Cart
• Human-Powered Potable Water Still
• Wearable Ultra Sensitive Nano Gas Sensor
• Hydroelectric System Design
• Robotic Fencing Training Dummy
Formula SAE car
• asdasdad
Yield strengths
Steel, high strength
700 MPa
Aluminum
200 Mpa
Polycarbonate
50 Mpa
Rough values, depend on number of variables
Fencing Training Device
Engineers Without Borders (EWB)
My research interests…
1. Mechanics of Advanced Materials (relationship between force and
elongation)
–
Shape memory alloys (online demos here)
–
Piezoelectric materials
–
Composite materials
2. Computer Aided Engineering (CAE)
Nanomechanics and Nanomaterials Lab (Fisher)
Processing-induced Crystallization of
Semicrystalline Nanocomposites (Kalyon)
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting
(Shi, Prasad, ECE…)
Using nanoparticles + processing to promote preferred crystalline phases
Harvesting energy from ambient vibrations for wireless sensors
• Mago, Kalyon & Fisher, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 114, 1312 (2009)
• Mago, Fisher & Kalyon, J. Nanosci. & Nanotech. 9, 3330 (2009)
• Mago, Kalyon & Fisher, J. Nanomaterials 3, 759825 (2008)
• Mago, Fisher & Kalyon, Macromolecules 41, 8103 (2008)
• Challa, Prasad & Fisher, Measurement Sci. & Tech., under review
• Challa, Prasad & Fisher, Smart Mat. & Struct. 18, 095029 (2009)
• Challa, Shi, Prasad & Fisher, Smart Mat. & Struct. 17, 015035 (2008)
Nanomanipulation and Nanomechanical
Characterization (Shi, Yang, Zhu)
Polymer Nanocomposite Nanomechanics
Novel micromechanical modeling for polymer nanocomposites
In situ SEM characterization of nanomaterials and nanocomposites
N
E(t)  E  

 t
Ej e
j
j1
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.


A dr il  I  S r C1
0 C r  C 0 
N1

C  
f
C

 fr Cr A dr il
0
0


r1

• MRI: Acquisition of an instrument for nanoscale manipulation and experimental
characterization, NSF DMI-0619762, 09/01/06-08/31/09, $326k
Quic kT ime™ and a
T IFF (Uncompress ed) decompress or
are needed to s ee this pi cture.
N1

f 0 I   fr A dr il


r1

1
1




 
• Fisher & Lee, Composites Science and Technology (to be submitted)
• Fisher, Oelkers & Lee, Composites Science and Technology (to be submitted)
Nanomechanics and Nanomaterials Lab
http://personal.stevens.edu/~ffisher
Quic kT ime™ and a
T IFF (Uncompress ed) decompress or
are needed to s ee this pi cture.
Vibration Energy Harvesting (VEH)
+
_
Electrostatic
+
_
VEHD
Electromagnetic
+
_
Vibrating
Structures
Electrical
Energy
Piezoelectric
High amplitude of vibration = High power output
Magnetostrictive
Huang et al SPIE 03
Potential Energy Harvesting Applications
Low Power Devices
Wireless Security Systems
Wireless Sensing
Advanced
Microcontroller: 0.05 W
Naval Applications
Wireless Sensor
Node: 300 µW
VEHD
Asset Tracking
Gas Nanoscale
Sensor: 200 µW
Tire Pressure Monitoring
Portable Medical Devices
Remote Structural Monitoring
Military Applications
Active Pixel
Sensor: 100 µW
EXAMPLE: Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)
This is not good!!
Could this help?
Current State of the Art
Academic
Commercial
K1
M1
@ UC Berkeley
Single degree of freedom system
Many of the VEH Devices
are single resonant
frequency based
@ MIT
@ Georgia Tech.
@ NCSU, Raleigh
@ Univ of Southampton, U.K
Magnetically Tuned
Resonant Frequency
Technique
Tuned EH Device: exp. results
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Attractive Mode: ωdevice < ωbeam
Repulsive Mode: ωdevice > ωbeam
V. Challa, MG Prasad, Y. Shi, and FT Fisher (2008),
Smart Materials and Structures, 17, 015035
Tuned EH Device: modeling