Transcript Slide 1

EC-Earth – Copenhagen, Sep. 7/8, 2011
Coupling LPJ-GUESS to EC-Earth –
Progress to Date and Plans
Lund University - Paul Miller, Guy
Schurgers, Ben Smith, Almut Arneth
KNMI – Philippe Le Sager, Martina Weiss,
Bart van den Hurk
Outline
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LPJ-GUESS version 2.1 & Motivation
EC-Earth / LPJ-GUESS Coupling – Progress
to date
Plans – near term
Plans – long term
Goal: quantification and greater understanding of
the feedbacks (biogeophysical and
biogeochemical) between vegetation and
climate at various temporal and spatial scales
LPJ-GUESS ’cohort mode’ resolves plant individuals,
canopy vertical structure and patch-scale heterogeneity*
Modelled area (stand)
10 ha - 2500
km2
Average individual for plant functional type
or species cohort in patch
crown area
leaves
replicate patches in various
stages of development
LAI
leaves / LAI
height
sapwood
heartwood
stem
diameter
0-50 cm
50-100 cm
fine
roots
fine roots
tree
grass
Patch
0.1 ha
*Smith et al. 2001 Global Ecology and Biogeography 10: 621
Dominant Global Vegetation in
LPJ-GUESS v2.1
Picea
Pinus
Larch
TeBS
Birch
TeBE
TrBE
TrIBE
TrBR
C3G
C4G
No Veg
Benchmarking datasets for carbon pools & fluxes, water fluxes, vegetation
Hydrological cycle feedbacks in southern and central Europe (summer)
- underlying vegetation response
Central Europe:
Southern Europe:
Change in JJA mean annual open land
LAI
SCN - CTL
CO2 fertilization 
LAI increase 
E increase 
negative T feedback
warming/drying 
LAI decrease 
E decrease 
positive T feedback
RCA-GUESS can be used to identify hotspots of biophysical
vegetation -feedbacks – significant locally and seasonally
H-TESSEL Has Vegetation as a Fixed Input Field
• Each grid cell has
two vegetation types,
one high and one
low, with specified
cover fractions
• Based on GLCC
data & BATS
classification (1km)
• 1km raw data is
aggregated for
various IFS
resolutions
Source: IFS Documentation Cy36r1
Low and High Vegetation
Source: IFS Documentation Cy36r1
Prescribed Vegetation Properties
Source: IFS Documentation Cy36r1
Replacing H-TESSEL’s Prescribed Vegetation with LPJGUESS Output
No_veg
C3 GRASS
BNS
BNE
IBS
BINE
TeBS
TeBE
C4 GRASS
}
TROPICAL TREES
LPJ-GUESS v2.1 – PFT with Maximum LAI
Source: IFS Documentation Cy36r1
Offline/coupled set-up
coupled
offline
6h Forcing
EC-Earth
PreIndustrial (v2.2)
(1800-49)
Soil water
Soil temp.
Precip.
2m Temp
SW rad.
Snow
CMIP5/RCPs
EC-Earth (IFS/H-TESSEL)
V2.3
Compare with
default EC-Earth
fields
LPJ-GUESS
DUMMY
OASIS
Daily LAI
high/low veg
LPJ-GUESS v2.1
Guy
Schurgers
& Uwe
Fladrich
In Future:
Canopy
Height,
Albedo,
Water
Uptake
For testing...
1 Jan 1850 - Restart
OASIS
LAI
LPJ-GUESS v2.1
Land use
First Offline, (v2.2) PreIndustrial Runs
TEM PERATE/EUROPE
3.5
3
LAI
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
476
451
426
401
376
351
326
301
276
251
226
201
176
151
126
101
76
51
26
1
0
SPINUP YEAR
5
4.5
4
3.5
HIGH
LOW
3
LAI
• Use 1840-49 monthly
averages of Tair, Tsoil, SW
radiation, soil water OR
precipitation
• Uses same T159 resolution as
IFS
• Uses soil properties as
decribed in Balsamo et al.
(2009)
• Starts from bare ground and
runs for 400 years, for all
9072 land points
• ”Low” LAI: No tree PFTs in
simulation
• ”High” LAI: All PFTs can
establish
• ”Savestate” on Dec 31, 1849
still being implemented
Picea
Pine
TeBS
Birch
C3G
4
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
MONTH
Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Spinup Natural Vegetation at (45.4 N, 2.5 E)
HTESSEL: Interrupted Forest
Tropical and Boreal/Tundra ”High” Tile
Vegetation
TUNDRA
TrBE
TROPICAL SITE
3.5
TrIBE
5
TrBR
4.5
4
C4G
2.5
3.5
LAI
3
2.5
2
1.5
2
1
1.5
1
0.5
0.5
Natural Vegetation at (-5 N, 58.5 W)
HTESSEL: Interrupted Forest
SPINUP YEAR
Natural Vegetation at (65.61 N, 50.4 E)
HTESSEL: Evergreen Needleaved Trees
485
463
441
419
397
375
353
331
309
287
265
243
221
199
177
155
133
89
111
67
45
1
481
457
433
409
385
361
337
313
289
265
241
217
193
169
145
121
97
73
49
25
SPINUP YEAR
23
0
0
1
LAI
Picea
Pinus
Birch
C3G
3
C3G
Dominant Vegetation types (“High” Tiles)
Boreal/Tundra
PFTs
Temperate
PFTs
Tropical
PFTs
Grasses
No Vegetation
• Dominant vegetation from first offline spinup run
uses “old” preindustrial spinup data (v2.2)
• Dominant vegetation types reasonable
nonetheless
“High Tile” Annual LAI Fields
No Vegetation
Tundra
Grasses
Tropical
Vegetation
No Vegetation
Carbon Cycle Benchmarks
Variable
CRU forced,
1961-90
EC-Earth,
Preindustrial,
1940-49
NPP
(GtC/yr)
58
40
Vegetation Carbon
(GtC)
802
569
Soil Carbon (GtC)
1331
876
Discrepancy due to, e.g.
• LPJ-GUESS spinup too short
• Lower pCO2 in 1849
• Biases in ECE output
• T159 areas used to uspcale???
IFS LPJ-GUESS online
coupling
• Status = Coupled !!
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LPJ-GUESS uses 15 fields from IFS
Global fields, 6h coupling, T159
IFS receives but does not use LAIs
Successful 3 year testrun with EC-Earth v2.3
LPJ-GUESS starts from bare ground
• Before distribution
– realistic & automatic restart (IFS/NEMO/LPJ-GUESS)
– LPJ-GUESS restart files (generated with most recent
Preindustrial control run) – no longer bare ground
– Thorough testing
– practical & unflawed coupling frequency (IFS-NEMO-LPJGUESS (TM5?)
EC-Earth & LPJ-GUESS – Next Steps
• Produce LPJ-GUESS restart for 01-Jan-1850
• .... And continue the technical testing on
ECMWF supercomputers
• Use LPJ-GUESS LAI fields in EC-Earth
sensitivity tests
• Compare runs with ECE soil water and LPJGUESS soil water
• Add some new shrub PFTs (eg for Australia)
• GOAL: first coupled run by end of 2011
EC-Earth & LPJ-GUESS
Some Planned Experiments
• ECE v CRU offline, 1901-2005 –
determination of biases
• Assess sensitivity of EC-Earth to LAI fields
from LPJ-GUESS
• Beyond LAI: sensitivity to new fields, e.g.
albedo, canopy height/z0, water uptake etc.
• Pinatubo experiment – are climate and
vegetation anomalies amplified or damped in
coupled experiments?
• Spring and summer droughts
Studying Feedbacks with LPJ-GUESS & ECEarth (v2.x)
EC-Earth PreIndustrial
Output, 1800-49
CMIP5/RCPs/Land Use etc.
v2.x/v3?
EC-Earth
(IFS/H-TESSEL/PISCUS)
F90
TM5
6h Forcing
(17 Fields)
OASIS
N dep,
Ozone
OASIS
LAI high/low
CH4, CO2,
BVOC, NOx
LPJ-GUESS
1 Jan 1850 - Restart
LPJ-GUESS Version X
+ OASIS Interface v2.0
Current LPJ-GUESS Development
Activity
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Coupled Nitrogen-Carbon dynamics
Tropical wetlands
BVOC parameterisation for global PFTs
Land use & agriculture (based on LPJ-mL)
Ozone effects on plants
Global SPITFIRE model parameterisation
Forest management module
Migration module
Reduced timestep (diurnal cycle)
The Gridcell class
Generic OASIS interface
Thank You!