Transformations in Europe
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Transcript Transformations in Europe
Transformations in Europe
1500-1750
Chapter 16
Culture and Ideas
LEQ
How did the interplay of traditional beliefs and
revolutionary ideas influence the cultural history of
early modern Europe?
Vocabulary
Papacy
Indulgences
Reformation
Early Reformation
Protests against the Catholic
Church
Martin Luther = Protestant
Religion
95 Thesis
John Calvin = Calvinism
Counter Reformation
Scientific Revolution
Use science to reinforce religion
Church leaders viewed new ideas as challenges
to religious teachings
Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Galilei, Descartes,
Boyle, Newton
Early Enlightenment
New scientific ideas + Religious conflict between
Catholics & Protestant = calls for social changes
Political leaders looked to gain power
Questioned the authority, wealth, power of
church
Social & Economic Life
LEQ
What factors contributed to the wealth of some
Europeans and the great poverty of others from
1500-1750?
Vocabulary
Bourgeoisie
Gentry
Bourgeoisie
Urban wealth came largely from foreign trade
Wealthy commoners dominated economy
Transatlantic trade increased a nations wealth
Netherlands
Amsterdam Exchange
Dutch East & West India Companies
Peasants & Laborers
Warfare, environmental
degradation, and
economic contractions
Little Ice Age
Coal Production
Pervasive poverty
Led to Rebellion
*Prices of wheat expressed in Dutch guilders per 100 kg. in various countries
vs. time.
Women & Family
Status tied to husband
Choose spouse or arranged marriage?
Delayed marriage
Political Innovations
LEQ
How did differing policies in the areas of religion,
foreign relations, and economics determine the very
different experiences of early modern European
states?
Vocabulary
Holy Roman Empire
English Civil War
Development of States
Western Europe monarchs helped develop
national identities
Habsburg’s
Ottoman Empire
German Unification
Spanish Expansion
Warfare
Thirty-Years War
Depopulation and economic decline
Size of Army v. Navy
Formation of alliances
National debt, taxation
Horrible Histories - English Monarchs
England & France
1642 – English Civil War
King executed
Led to religious conflict
Glorious Revolution
English Bill or Rights
King Louis XIV
Worked with nobility and civil authority
Absolute Monarch