Transcript ITFVHA12_Introduction_History_Bishop

WELCOME
International Task Force on Vehicle-Highway
Automation
16th Annual Meeting
INTRODUCTION
What is ITFVHA?
• A forum to discuss government-industry
roles in development and deployment of
advanced driver assistance systems
• An informal group for exchange of
information and strengthening global
linkages
ITFVHA Approach
• Invitation-only gathering
– “core community” of established programs
– countries exploring strategy/benefits for
• Advanced Driver Assistance Ssytems (ADAS)
• Connected Vehicle-Highway Systems (CVHS)
• Vehicle-Highway Automation (VHA)
• Independent of other ITS activities and
forums
• Proceedings generated
History of ITFVHA
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Organizational meeting: 1996, Orlando
First meeting: 1997, San Diego, sponsored by NAHSC
Second meeting: 1998, Delft, Netherlands, sponsored by Rijkswaterstaat
Third meeting: 1999, Toronto, sponsored by ITS America
Fourth meeting: 2000, Tsukuba City, sponsored by MOC/AHSRA
Fifth meeting: 2001, Sydney, sponsored by ITS Australia / AAA
Sixth meeting: 2002, Chicago, sponsored by TRB and ITS America
Seventh meeting: 2003, Paris, sponsored by LIVIC
Eighth meeting: 2004, Nagoya, sponsored by MLIT / AHSRA
Ninth meeting: 2005, San Francisco, sponsored by ITS America / USDOT
Tenth meeting: 2006, London, sponsored by UK Highways Agency
Eleventh meeting: 2007, Versailles, sponsored by INRIA
Twelfth meeting: 2008, New York City, sponsored by Parsons-Brinkerhoff
Thirteenth meeting: 2009, Stockholm, sponsored by H3B Media
Fourteenth meeting: 2010, Busan, sponsored by Korean Transport Institute
Fifteenth meeting: 2011, Orlando, sponsored by Bishop Consulting
16th Annual Meeting
 Vienna
 Co-sponsors:
 Austrian Institute of Technology
 Association of Unmanned Vehicle Systems International
 Review of Agenda
 Restaurant:
 Plachutta Grünspan
 Ottakringer Straße 266,
 1160 Wien 7 pm
 Separate checks
AUTOMATION:
BRIEF HISTORY
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Pre-1990
• 1939 World’s Fair:
– General Motors Futurama
• 1950’s – 1980’s
– GM experiments / prototypes
– buried wire guidance
– USA, Japan, Germany
1990’s
• (1990-94) European Prometheus program
– 1000 km autonomous driving on public
highway near Paris
• (1993-99) USDOD Unmanned Ground
Vehicles
• (1993-98) USDOT AHS Program / Demo ’97
– National Automated Highway System
Consortium (NAHSC)
– 21 vehicles (cars, trucks, buses)
– 8000 miles of demonstration rides with
no malfunctions
– Largest media event in history of ITS
2000’s
• EC CHAUFFEUR truck platooning (1996 –
2002)
– cooperative “electronic towbar”
• Japan Ministry of Construction (1996- 2008)
– platooning / Demo 2000
• UC Berkeley platooning of trucks/ buses (200111)
• German INVENT program: traffic jam assistant
(2001-05)
• DARPA Grand/Urban Challenges (2004-07)
2000’s
• Phileas dual-mode bus system (Netherlands) (2004)
– Automatic mode: braking, steering, throttle fully automated
– Guidance is based on magnetic markers every 4-5 m
• Toyota Intelligent Multi-Modal Transit System (IMTS):
Expo 2005 in Nagoya (2005)
– driverless transit system with automated platoon operation on
dedicated roads
– served 27,000 persons daily at Expo 2005
• German KONVOI truck platooning in traffic (2005-09)
• U.S. Army Convoy Active Safety Technology (2008-2010)
• CyberCar demo Antibes
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2010’s
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Google unveils autonomous vehicle work (2010)
Autonomous Intercontinental Challenge (2010)
CyberCar demo La Rochelle (2011)
HAVE-IT Demo and Reports (2011)
– highly automated driving
– control transfer
– minimum risk maneuver
• SARTRE Demo (2012):
– platooning
– business case evaluations
• Car-maker announcements for “mid-decade”
– combined lat/lon control
– traffic jam assist
– full speed, full control prototypes unveiled
Evolution:
Vehicle – Highway Allocation of Intelligence
– steady increase in vehicle intelligence
– from buried wires
– …..to magnetic nails
– ……………to “nothing” in road
– infrastructure intelligence still required to gain
mobility / sustainability benefits (cooperative
systems)
– Dedicated lanes? A point of debate….
Looking Back:
What’s Different This Time?
1990’s
• National Automated Highway
System Consortium
• Public sector led & funded
• Visionary
• Only one car company deeply
involved
• Technology foundation in early
stages
– Dedicated lanes important
– Embedded magnetic markers
• Transport goals foremost
This Decade
• Private sector investment
dominates
• Automation competitively
relevant
– goal: offer driver comfort
– many OEMs active
• OEM designs assume
mixed traffic, roads-as-is
• Incremental, building on
active safety sensors / V2X
• Opportunity is for transport
sector to be smart followers
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