PTA Hip Presentation
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Transcript PTA Hip Presentation
PTA Students Curtis, Tonya, Emilee, & Zeke
Them Bones…..
…Of the iliofemoral joint.
And one extra.
Os Coax: The Pelvic Trifecta
Medial View
Lateral View, with a side of landmarks
Find the Angry Bird
The Femur: Foreplay for cave men
Tibia- Not part of the hip, but it was
on the list, so here goes….
Iliofemoral ligament
Pubofemoral ligament
Ischiofemoral ligament
Sacrotuberous ligament
Transverse acetabular ligament
Acetubular labrum
Articular cartilage of head of femur
Ligament of head of femur
Synovial membrane
Fibrous layer
Zona orbicularis
Trochanteric bursa
Deep
Superficial
Gluteofemoral bursa
Ischial Bursa
Pectineus
Innervation:
Femoral Nerve, also fibers from obturator nerve
Origin:
Superior Ramus of Pubis
Insertion:
Pectineal line inferior to lesser trochanter of femur
Action:
Flexes, adducts and assists with medial rotation
Synergist:
Flexion = Rectus Femoris and Iliopsoas
Adduction = Adductors (all 3) and gracilis
Medial Rotation = Gluteus Minimus
Antagonist:
Extension = Gluteus Maximus, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus, and Biceps
Femoris
Abduction = Gluteus Medius and Minimus
Lateral Rotation = Gluteus Maximus
Sartorius
Innervation:
Femoral Nerve
Origin:
Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion:
Upper medial surface of body of tibia
Action:
Flexes knee
Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates hip
Synergist:
Knee Flexion = Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps Femoris
Hip Flexion = Rectus Femoris, Iliopsoas & Pectineus
Hip Abduction = Gluteus Medius and Minimus
Antagonist
Knee Extension = Quadriceps muscles
Hip Extension = Gluteus maximus, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus &
Biceps Femoris
Hip Adduction = Adductors (all 3), Pectineus & Gracilis
Iliopsoas
Psoas Major & Iliacus
Innervation:
Lumbar Nerves
Femoral Nerves
Origin:
Transverse Process of T12-L5
Iliac Crest, Iliac Fossa, Anterior Sacroiliac Ligament
Insertion:
Lesser Trochanter
Action:
Hip/Thigh Flexion
Synergist:
Hip Flexion = Rectus Femoris & Pectineus
Antagonist:
Hip Extension = Gluteus Maximus, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps
Femoris
Quadriceps Femoris: Rectus Femoris
Innervation:
Origin:
Patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Action:
Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion:
Femoral Nerve
Knee Extension and Hip Flexion
Synergist:
Knee Extension = Vastus Medialis, Intermedialis & Lateralis
Hip Flexion = Iliopsoas & Pectineus
Antagonist:
Knee Flexion = Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps Femoris
Hip Extension = Gluteus Maximus, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps Femoris
Quadriceps Femoris: Vastus Medialis
Innervation:
Origin:
Knee Extension
Synergist:
Patella via the quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
Action:
Linea Aspera of the femur
Insertion:
Femoral Nerve
Knee Extension = Rectus Femoris, Vasus Lateralis and Intermedius
Antagonist:
Knee Flexion = Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps Femoris
Quadriceps Femoris: Vastus Lateralis
Innervation:
Femoral Nerve
Origin:
Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of the femur
Insertion:
Patella via the quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via the patellar
ligament
Action:
Knee Extension
Synergist:
Knee Extension = Rectus Femoris, Vastus medialis and intermedialis
Antagonist:
Knee Flexion = Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps Femoris
Quadriceps Femoris: Vastus Intermedius
Innervation
Femoral Nerve
Origin
Anterior 2/3 and lateral shaft of femur
Insertion
Patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Action
Knee Extension
Synergist
Knee Extension = Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis and Medialis
Antagonist
Knee Flexion = Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps Femoris
Adductor Brevis
Innervation:
Origin
Superior half of linea aspera of femur
Action
Anterior surface of the inferior ramus of the pubis
Insertion
Obturator Nerve
Adducts, flexes and helps to laterally rotate the hip
Syngerist
Hip Adduction = Adductors longus and magnus, Gracilis & Pectineus
Hip Flexion = Rectus Femoris, Iliopsoas & Pectineus
Lateral Rotation = Gluteus Maximus
Antagonist
Hip Abduction = Gluteus medius and minimus
Hip Extension = Gluteus maximus, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps
Femoris
Medial Rotation = Gluteus Minimus
Adductor Longus
Innervation:
Obturator Nerve
Origin:
Body of pubis inferior to pubic crest and lateral pubic symphysis
Insertion:
Middle 1/3 of linea aspera of the femur
Action:
Adducts, flexes & laterally rotates the hip
Synergist:
Hip Adduction = Adductors longus and magnus, Gracilis & Pectineus
Hip Flexion = Rectus Femoris, Iliopsoas & Pectineus
Lateral Rotation = Gluteus Maximus
Antagonist:
Hip Abduction = Gluteus medius and minimus
Hip Extension = Gluteus maximus, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps
Femoris
Medial Rotation = Gluteus Minimus
Adductor Magnus
Innervation:
Obturator and Tibial Nerves
Origin:
Inferior ramus of pubis and ischium to ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
Linea aspera of the femur and medial supracondylar line
Action:
Adducts thigh, superior horizontal fibers flex the thigh and posterior portion
extends thigh at hip joint
Syngerist:
Hip Adduction = Adductors longus and brevis, Gracilis & Pectineus
Hip Flexion = Rectus femorus, Iliopsoas & Pectineus
Antagonist:
Hip Abduction = Gluteus medius and minimus
Hip Extension = Gluteus Maximus, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps
Femoris
Gracilis
Innervation:
Obturator Nerve
Origin:
Body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion:
Anterior medial proximal tibis
Action:
Adducts and medial rotates hip
Knee Flexion
Synergist:
Hip Adduction = Adductors Brevis, Longus & Magnus, Pectineus
Medial rotation of hip = Gluteus Minimus
Knee Flexion = Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps Femoris
Antagonist:
Hip Abduction = Gluteus Medius and Minimus
Lateral rotation of hip = Gluteus Maximus
Knee Extension = Rectus Femoris & Vastus medialis, lateralis & intermedius
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Innervation:
Origin:
Tibia by way of the iliotibial tract
Action:
Anterior superior iliac spine and anterior iliac crest
Insertion:
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Flexes and abducts the thigh at the hip joint and helps to stabilize and stead the hip and
knee joints by putting tension on the iliotibial band of fascia
Synergist:
Hip Flexion = Rectus Femoris, Iliopsoas & Pectineus
Hip Abduction = Gluteus medius and minimus
Antagonist:
Hip Extension = Gluteus Maximus, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps
Femoris
Hip Adduction = All 3 Adductors, Gracilis & Pectineus
Gluteus Maximus
Innervation:
Origin:
Iliotibial tract of fascia lata and lateral part of linea aspera under greater trochanter
(gluteal tuberosity) of the femur
Action:
Iliac crest, Sacrum, Coccyx & Aponeurosis of Sacrospinalis
Insertion:
Inferior Gluteal Nerve
Extends the thigh at the hip and laterally rotates thigh – middle fibers abduct the hip
Synergist:
Hip Extension = Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus & Biceps Femoris
Hip Abduction = Gluteus medius and minimus
Antagonist:
Hip Flexion = Rectus Femoris, Iliopsoas & Pectineus
Hip Adduction = Adductors longus and brevis, Gracilis & Pectineus
Medial Rotation of Hip = Gluteus Minimus
Gluteus Medius
Innervation:
Origin:
Abducts and medially rotates the hip
Synergist:
Greater Trochanter of the Femur
Action:
Dorsal ilium inferior to the iliac crest
Insertion:
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Gluteus Minimus (for both)
Antagonist:
Hip Adduction = All 3 Adductors, Gracilis & Pectineus
Lateral Rotation of the Hip = Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Minimus
Innervation:
Origin:
Abducts and medially rotates the hip
Synergist:
Greater trochanter of the femur
Action:
Dorsal Ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines
Insertion:
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Gluteus Medius (for both)
Antagonist:
Hip Adduction = All 3 Adductors, Gracilis & Pectineus
Lateral Rotation of the Hip = Gluteus Maximus
Piriformis
Innervation:
Origin:
Superior border of the greater trochanter
Action:
Anterior surface of lateral process of sacrum and gluteal surface of ilium at the margin
of the greater sciatic notch
Insertion:
Piriformis Nerve
Laterally rotates and abducts the thigh at the hip joint
Synergist:
Hip Abduction = Gluteus medius and minimus
Lateral Rotation of Hip = Gluteus Maximus
Antagonist:
Hip Adduction = All 3 Adductors, Gracilis & Pectineus
Medial Rotation of Hip = Gluteus medius and minimus
Biceps Femoris
Innervation:
Tibial Nerve
Origin:
Long Head: Ischial Tuberosity
Short Head: Linea aspera of the femur
Insertion:
Head of fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia
Action:
Long Head: Extends hip and flexes knee
Short Head: Flexes knee and laterally rotates hip
Synergist:
Hip Extension = Gluteus Maximus
Extension of Hip and Flexion of Knee = Semitendinosus and
semimembranosus
Lateral Rotation of Hip = Gluteus Maximus
Antagonist:
Hip Flexion = Rectus Femoris, Iliopsoas & Pectineus
Knee Flexion = Vastus (lateralis, medialis & intermedialis)
Medial Rotation = Gluteus Minimus
Semitendinosus
Innervation:
Origin:
Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion:
Tibial Nerve
Proximal part of medial surface of shaft
Action:
Knee Flexion
Extends and medially rotates hip
Synergist:
Knee Flexion = Biceps Femoris, Semimembranosus
Hip Extension = Gluteus Maximus, Biceps Femoris & Semimembranosus
Medial Rotation of Hip = Gluteus Minimus
Antagonist:
Knee Extension = Rectus Femoris, Vastus (medialis, lateralis & intermdialis)
Hip Flexion = Rectus Femoris, Iliopsoas & Pectineus
Lateral Rotation of Hip = Gluteus Maximus
Semimembranosus
Innervation:
Origin:
Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion:
Tibial Nerve
Posterior medial condyle of tibia
Action:
Knee Flexion
Extends and medially rotates the hip
Synergist:
Knee Flexion = Biceps femoris & Semitendinosus
Medial Rotation = Gluteus minimus
Antagonist:
Knee Extension = Rectus Femoris & Vastus (medialis, lateralis & intermedialis)
Lateral Rotation of Hip = Gluteus maximus
Femoral Nerve
Obturator Nerve
Sciatic Nerve
Superior Gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Common peroneal nerve
Femoral artery
Lateral circumflex
artery
Obturator artery
Deep femoral
(Profunda) artery
Superior Gluteal Artery
Inferior Gluteal Artery
Femoral Vein
Profunda
(Deep Femoral) Vein
Great Saphenous Vein
-Gluteal fold/Gluteal Sulcus
-Sacrum
-Posterior superior
iliac spine
-Tip of Greater trochanter
-Intergluteal cleft
-Iliac crest
-Supracristal plane
-Anterior superior
iliac spine
-Inguinal ligament
Piriformis Syndrome-is a
neuromuscular disorder
that occurs when the
sciatic nerve is
compressed or otherwise
irritated by the Piriformis
muscle causing pain,
tingling and numbness in
the buttocks and along
the path of the sciatic
nerve descending down
the lower thigh and into
the leg.