Transcript Population and settlement How well does your chosen settlement fit
Population and settlement
How well does your chosen settlement fit urban land use models?
Controlled Assessment 2014
Your fieldwork focus
• Is worth 25% of your controlled assessment • • • Some work is under low levels of control The Analysis / Conclusion and Evaluation have to be done in class under ‘high levels’ of control You will be given a folder- work must be kept in it and not taken home
The question:-
How well does your chosen settlement fit urban land use models?
Setting the scene
• • • • •
Place focus
Describe the location of our chosen field visit area within the UK Describe the location of the field visit places Produce your own map or maps to show these locations- there should be 3 maps- one at national, 1 at regional and 1 at local scale Give some background information into the history of the area, population etc.
Top tips for Maps
• • • Present on A4 paper- label the maps Fig1, Fig 2 and give clear titles Draw your own maps and/ or adapt maps from the internet You must fully acknowledge any internet maps used by quoting the full address line
I searched in google for ‘Scunthorpe map’ You need- a national map / regional map Use Streetmap or getamap for the detailed map https://www.streetmap.co.uk/map.srf?x=4891 66&y=411072&z=120&sv=scunthorpe&st=3&tl =Map+of+Scunthorpe,+North+Lincolnshire+[To wn]&searchp=ids.srf&mapp=map.srf
Transect 2 Transect 1
Transect 2
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Geography Focus
Explain the meaning of the key question. How well does your chosen settlement fit urban land use models?
• • Describe what land use is- suggest several different examples define- photos???
Introduce the Burgess and Hoyt models as well as the • Suggest possible reasons to explain why the features produced are different to each other.
• Do NOT present any detailed evidence to support your ideas at this stage. This is part of the Presentation, Analysis and Conclusion stages using evidence / data from the field visit.
Land Use
• • • • • • • • • Land use- is what purpose the land in cities is being used for Residential- housing types: detached, semi detached, terraced, apartments, maisonettes Commercial- retailing, warehousing, offices, hotels Administrative- offices, government, public utilities Other public services- schools, hospitals, swimming pools, cemeteries etc Transport- roads, railways, canals Industrial- factories, power stations Recreational- parks, playing fields, allotments Non-functional- derelict land, waste land
Land use
What is a land use model?
Why does land use vary within an urban area?
What are the characteristics of the Central Business District (CBD)?
What are the characteristics of the inner city?
What are the characteristics of the suburbs?
Land use models
Why do geographers study models?
Geographers use models to help them understand reality. Land use models tell us where we might expect to find different land uses like high quality housing or industry. They also help to explain the pattern of growth of a city.
Land use models – Concentric Model Burgess
based his studies on Chicago. He claimed that most towns and cities grow outwards from an old centre and equally in all directions.
original settlement In Britain, many towns grew rapidly in the nineteenth- and twentieth-centuries. Why do you think that was the case?
Concentric Model
This inner city area is also known as the
‘Zone of Transition’
or the
‘Twilight Zone’
.
inner city suburbs
Concentric Model
Land use models – Sector Model Hoyt
developed his model after the introduction of public transport. He claimed that land uses developed in sectors along main transport routes.
Urban models
1) Which of these models is the ‘Concentric Model’?
2) What labels are missing from the key?
3) List the similarities and differences between the models.
What is a land use model?
Why does land use vary within an urban area?
What are the characteristics of the Central Business District (CBD)?
What are the characteristics of the inner city?
What are the characteristics of the suburbs?
Why does land use vary?
Land values are a major influence on land use patterns.
Why does land use vary?
Land values are a major influence on land use patterns, but they are not the only factor: Land values Space Age Accessibility Wealth of the inhabitants Planning policies
Simple transect across a city
suburbs inner city CBD inner city suburbs
objectives
• • • To understand what the characteristics of CBDs and Inner City areas are To understand what factors influence development in CBDs and inner city areas To understand how CBDs and inner citys are changing
Success criteria
• • • • • • Will describe 4 features of land use in CBDs Will have a description of what factors influence CBD characteristics Will describe 4 changes taking place in CBDs 3 main types of land use in Inner cities Will give 2 reasons for why industry located there Complete Q2a-e
What are the characteristics of the zones?
Land Use Zones
• • • • CBD Inner City Suburbs Rural Urban Fringe
• • • • • • • • • • • • • •
CBD characteristics
It contains main public buildings such as libraries, churches, stations and town halls. It contains specialist shops and branches of major department stores such as House of Fraser’s. It contains social amenities such as cinema halls, clubs and theatres. Although buildings are open to the public there is no area for housing. However, there may be hotels. Industry is not present. It contains offices and other professional buildings. These buildings tend to be taller than other buildings in the city because it is cheaper to buy a small plot of land and build upwards than buying a huge plot of land and only building one or two floors. Pedestrian levels are particularly high and parking restrictions are greatest. Geographical centre of the settlement. It is likely to contain a region with the greatest land value. Transportation such as trains, underground metro services and park and ride services High concentration of traffic. High use of public transportation. High employment rate
Why is it like that?
• • Accessibility- main roads from the suburbs and surrounding towns meet. It has been, until congestion of the present day, the easiest place to reach Land Values- these are highest in the CBD where space to build is limited and competition for land is highest. Land values decrease rapidly towards the edge of the city
Main roads converge on the centre Public buildings Main forms of transport Little if any open space
How are CBDs changing?
• • • • • • Some retail has moved to the edge particularly electrical, DIY, furniture- empty shops in the centre??
Some entertainment has moved away from the centre- nightclubs, cinemas Some shops close due to competition from supermarkets and changing shopping habits Redevelopment- pedestrianisation, new shopping complexes- the Parishes More bars in centre- try to make people to come CBDs in evenings Urban living
The inner city- zone in transition
What would it be like to live here?
Task
• • • Using P158-159 Read about the inner city Answer Q2
Success criteria
• • • • • • Will describe 4 features of land use in CBDs Will have a description of what factors influence CBD characteristics Will describe 4 changes taking place in CBDs 3 main types of land use in Inner cities Will give 2 reasons for why industry located there Complete Q2a-e
Land Use Terraced housing Factories Roads Shops Waste land Disadvantages of living here?
Advantages of living here?
Inner cities
Why here?
Located on spare land- was the edge of the city then Near to canals- was main form of transport then Houses built next to factories- no forms of transport walked to work House characteristics Grid iron pattern No front garden / garage No indoor toilet Bathroom No electricity
Suburbs and rural urban fringe
Characteristics of suburbs
• • • • • • • • Semi detached houses- bay windows Front/back gardens Garages Wider roads Roads often with cul de sacs More open space Little if any industrial land use Parades of shops / post offices
What does it all mean ?
How distinctive is your chosen coastal study area?
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explain processes reasons describe evidence + data natural landscapes landforms features Where is Mappleton?
information
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This work can be done at home
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Hand in finished work on A4 paper (copied up or word processed)
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Recommended word limit= 250-400 words [Total =2000 words]
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Hand in date =