Motor Learning Exam 3 Review

Chapters 14-19

  How can a beginner benefit from observing another beginner practice a skill? Research has shown that to achieve the best learning of skills that require both speed and accuracy, the initial verbal instructions should emphasize

  When augmented feedback tells the performer which movement characteristics produced the movement outcome, the type of augmented feedback is known as… If you are told “your score was 16 on that attempt,” the type of augmented feedback you received is known as…

  When augmented feedback serves to encourage a person to continue striving to achieve a performance goal, augmented feedback functions as… In experiments in which erroneous KR was given to participants for skills that could be learned on the basis of the task intrinsic feedback without KR, the results have shown that participants…

  According to Gentile, developing variable practice experiences for closed skills should focus on … For open skills, regulatory condition (do what?)  (i.e. do they change? And when?)

  Contextual interference: Describe the continuum from low to high interference.

Research has shown that blocked practice consistently leads to poor performance in what situation?

  In experiments in which participants are asked during practice trials to predict how well they think they perform on a retention test, the results show that participants experiencing a blocked schedule will… In the U.S. Army sponsored study by Schendel and Hagman, the machine gun assembly-disassembly skill that was shown to benefit from overtraining was referred to as which of the following types of skill?

   When massed practice hinders the learning of continuous skills, the most probable cause is… The term task complexity refers to….

The term task organization refers to…

 According to the Naylor and Briggs hypothesis, whole practice of a motor skill is recommended for skills that are  (_______ complexity, _______ organization)  If a skill should not be physically separated for part practice, an alternative means of achieving the benefits of part practice is to

   If a person visually imagines himself or herself performing a skill from the perspective of an observer, the type of mental practice is referred to as… The neuromuscular explanation for the effectiveness of mental practice has been supported by research showing… The Movement Imagery Questionnaire (MIQ) has been established to be a valid and reliable instrument to assess

Fill in the Blank

  A term that has been used to describe the type of learning involved when a visual model is used to demonstrate a skill is ________ learning.

Observation of another beginner practicing a skill seems to work best when the observer can hear the ________ given by the instructor.

  It is important that the verbal instructions given to a beginner should not exceed that person’s limited ________ capacity to attend to information.

When EMG or heart rate is given to people as augmented feedback, the general term used to describe this type of augmented feedback is ________.

  When augmented feedback is given while a person is performing a skill or movement, it is known as ________ augmented feedback.

Research has shown that the general guideline for establishing the frequency of practice sessions is that [more and shorter] or [fewer and longer] sessions are preferable.

  A progressive-part method of practicing a skill has also been called a ________ method of part-task training.

If you practiced juggling scarves before juggling tennis balls, the practice strategy you would be using is called the ________ method.

  Of the two types of imagery that have been categorized, the one that involves people experiencing the sensations that could be expected in an actual performance situation is called ________ imagery.

Two roles for mental practice related to motor skills are aiding in the acquisition of skills and in the ________ for performing skills.

Other terms to Know

       Performance bandwidth Random practice Blocked practice Massed practice Distributed practice Natural unit (ch. 18) Overlearning

Make sure to read about

     Verbal instructions  (Movement outcomes vs. movements used) Effects of erroneous KR When to give augmented feedback Frequency of demonstration of skills The use of a virtual reality environment