Transcript Public Transportation at the State Level

Public Transportation at the State
Level
Planning and Design of Public Transport Infrastructure
By
Moaz Yusuf Ahmad
Challenges faced in Selangor
• Emphasis on car travel (often single-occupancy)
in Malaysia (status symbol)
• Limited investment in public transit/transport
• Mainly suburban and exurban communities with
large population
• Communities usually surrounded by expressways
and divided by wide “express-roads”
• Trip generators are often separated from each
other  discourages public transport 
encourages car use
Challenges faced in Selangor
• High traffic volume and incomplete roads (creates
gridlock within existing road system)
• Older, high density urban areas not designed for
large volumes of automobile traffic
– Klang
– Petaling Jaya
• Failure of existing infrastructure or costly
maintenance (MRRII flyover, Klang bridges)
• Cannot keep pace with development
LRT is a high-cost, low mobility
solution
• High cost of LRT construction
– Cost estimated at RM 150-200 million per km
– Full elevation requires large elevated station structure
• Number of lines is limited due to high costs
– Lines will often run through industrial areas, TNB corridors, or
along rivers
– Service to housing estates will be unpopular
– Little or no reduction in the use of single-occupancy vehicles
within communities
– Still requires additional feeder bus network plus parking
structures at stations  potential for traffic congestion
• Potential for negative impact of LRT on community
“Quick wins” - Low-cost, high mobility
solutions
• Invest in Community-Based Public Transport
• Shuttle Bus Services to bring public transport
to the people
“Quick wins” - Low-cost, high mobility
solutions
• Direct express bus routes and feeder bus routes
to link communities to LRT (Lembah Subang) and
KTM lines
– Encourages passenger demand to develop
– Greater cost recovery = lower subsidy
• Build new station on Kelana Jaya LRT line at
existing Lembah Subang Depot
– Guideway, tracks and station already in place
– Reduces pressure on Kelana Jaya station and existing
bus routes, roads
A low-cost, high mobility solution
• Restricted Rights-Of-Way are constructed in the outside
and/or centre lanes of major arterial roads
– Allows public transit vehicles to move faster
– Improves reliability of public transit service
– Encourages use of public transit for more trips
• Overhead bridges will connect passengers safely to
clearly visible, safer public transit stops
• Increased flexibility: transit vehicles can operate in
restricted ROW (Class A/B) or in mixed traffic (C)
• Saves money by reducing delays, construction costs
Restricted bus Right-of-Way
Orange Line, Los Angeles, CA (USA)
TransJakarta, Jakarta (Indonesia)
TransMilenio, Bogata (Columbia)
Grass-covered, restricted right-of-way
Kenosha, WI (USA)
Le Mans (France)
Madrid (Spain)
Stations located in existing centre median
Bus Rapid Transit, Beijing (China)
TransJakarta, Jakarta (Indonesia)
TransMilenio, Bogata (Columbia)
Benefits over LRT option
• ‘Impian LRT’ leads us to ignore other options
• Kelana Jaya LRT currently 40% overcapacity
• Confusion over State and National Government
plans for extension of Kelana Jaya LRT (Shah Alam
or USJ)
• Immediate need for public transportation
improvements  oil, petrol price increases
• Faster planning and construction period
Benefits over LRT option
• Lower cost of construction
– Travels along existing roads already owned by government
– Cost estimated at RM 20 million per km (bus) to 40-50 million
per km (Rapid Tram)
– Ramps, overhead bridges allow universal accessibility
• Build more lines for the same amount of money
– 4km of Rapid Tram or 10km of Rapid Bus vs. 1km of LRT
– More lines increases mobility for Subang Jaya residents
– More money can be devoted to improving feeder bus network
and KTM Komuter service
• Positive effect on community
Bus or Rail?
Saarbruken LRT/Bus interchange (Netherlands)
Bus or Rail?
Criteria
Construction
Cost (RM)
Flexibility
Bus (12m) Tram (25m)
20 million / 40 million /
km
km
High
High
LRT (STAR)
180 million /
km
Very Low
Vehicle
Capacity
Operator/
Passenger
Ratio
Lifetime
60-80
200-240
600-650
1:80 max
1:240 max
1:650 max
15 years
25-30 years
25-40 years
Conclusion
• Traffic congestion is causing significant economic and
social problems for communities in Selangor
• Solutions must allow various options for residents
• Planning must include transit options, mixed-uses, higher
densities  Transit-Oriented Developments
• Restricted Right-Of-Way (Class A/B ROW) improves
reliability of public transit modes (compare LRT vs. bus
on-time performance, reliability)
• Based on cost-benefit analysis, Rapid Tram in Class A/B
ROW is the best transit mode for communities in
Selangor with the exception of high-density urban
communities
Sources
• Selangor 2020 Draft Structural and MPSJ Local
Plan
• DBKL 2020 Infrastructure Plan
• National Physical Plan (Transportation)
• RapidKL, Prasarana
• Urban Rail, Railway Technology
• Skyscrapercity.com, usj.com.my, residents
• Archived photos including personal collection
Moaz Yusuf Ahmad
SS17, Subang Jaya
012-248-3330
[email protected]
[email protected]
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME