Unit 6

Racism, discrimination& policy response Laura Laubeova [email protected]

http://minorities.fsv.cuni.cz/

Unit Structure

• HWs: Furnivall, Nacirema, Vocabulary of Discrimination • • • Racism, discrimination Inclusion, rights, equity Presentation on Benhabib by Marek, on Parekh by Marie

QUIZ

Just one question to torture your memory…

Referring to the reader what is the difference between multicultural and plural societies?

Furnivall in all three texts

Racism & isms

……… sexism, disableism, ageism, homophobia

Neil Thompson

• • •

Racism

an can be defined as

attitude

(ideology)

or action

(behaviour

) that disadvantages individuals or groups on the basis of their “racial” inferiority*,

by means of mainly

limiting their access to scarce resources

.

*Racial difference or racial inferiority is often perceived or constructed in terms of different culture, ethnicity, religion, language, etc.

Discrimination/isms: Personal – Cultural - Structural Neil Thompson P C S

Explanations of racism:

1. Psychological

”Some people are like that”

2

.

Lack of knowledge, ignorance

„To know is to love“

3. Intergroup relations

”Birds of a feather”

4

.

Individuals are racists because the structures, practices, and values of our society are racist

. ”Its the system”

Racisms – cont.

• • •

from violent attacks or scapegoating to paternalistic crypto-racist assistance to m.

tendency to deny racism (unacceptable)

two main meanings: 1) ideology (beliefs) about racial superiority 2) “the whole complex of factors which produce racial discrimination” and sometimes also “those which produce racial disadvantage”

Cashmore

Racism as ideology

1. the so called “scientific racism of the 19th century”, manifested for example in the publication by Herrnstein, Murray, 1995 2.

“popular” racism or “common sense” racism that is based on ethnocentrism, a tendency to believe that one ´s own cultural paradigm is universal, neutral and superior to any other culture

In other words…

Racism 1. denies all

universality

difference of the in the human name nature, of but unconsciously it takes back this universality to the dominant model; 2. uses the obvious differences to turn them into instruments of domination, exploitation, condemnation, exclusion, or extermination

.

Racisms- cont.

„Racism, in short, involves (a) stereotypes about difference and inferiority (b) use of power to exclude, discriminate, subjugate “

The Parekh Report, 2000

Attitudes Behaviour Structures Prejudice Discrimination Inequality

Racisms – cont.

Prejudice Discrimination Exclusion

Assimilation and Racism

(Bauböck) assimilation is required yes assimilation is possible yes no compulsory assimilation racist double-bind no pluralism segregation

assimilationist policies inclusiveness

Assimilationist model DIFFERENCE DEFICIT COMPENSATORY PROGRAMMES Does the individual fit into the System or ‘Institution’?

Curriculum (Multiculturalism) model LIFESTYLES Cultural Effects CULTURES ATTITUDES TOLERANCE AND HARMONY Does the organisation of this ‘institution’ recognise Diversity ?

Equity/Rights Model EQUITY Social and Political Effects PARTICIPATION LIFE CHANCES Are people enabled in this ‘institution’?

Do the structures allow for achievement, growth and opportunities?