Transcript Information Management - Regional Environmental Center

Fuels and Vehicles in CEE Region
Regional Meeting on Sustainable Transport
Policies in South Eastern Europe
Budapest, 21-22 June 2007
Ruslan Zhechkov, Regional Environmental Center for Central and
Eastern Europe (REC)
Contents
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REC work in fuels and vehicles
Fuel quality in SEE region
Vehicle emissions in SEE region
UNEP-based Partnership for Clean Fuels and Vehicles
Retrofitting diesel vehicles.
TNT/UNEP Fleet Management Toolkit
www.rec.org
Background
• Work on fuels and vehicles – started
in 1995, facilitated the SILAQ process,
lead phase-out in CEE
• Last two years: several projects with
PCFV at UNEP and USEPA – CEE,
Bulgaria, Serbia, BiH, Turkey
• REC is a member of the PCFV
Advisory Group
• Main effort:
- lead phase-out in fuels in Serbia,
Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
- reduction of sulphur Turkey, Serbia,
BiH, Albania
www.rec.org
Sulphur and lead content in petrol and diesel –
national specifications
Country
Status
Albania
Ban 2005.
150 (import
only)
350 import/2000
domestic
0.005
Bulgaria
Ban 2004.
150 (50 –
1/2007)
350 (50 - 1/2007)
0.005
BiH
15 - 20%
leaded.
150
350
0.15 import,
0.6 - domestic
Croatia
Ban 2006.
50
50
0.005
500
Refinery – 1500
Eko diesel - 290
0.013 unleaded
0.15 leaded
150 (50 -1/2007)
350 (50 – 1/2007)
0.005
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Macedonia 20% leaded.
Romania
Ban 2005.
SCG
40% leaded.
Turkey
Ban 2006.
S in petrol
(mg/kg)
1,000 – leaded
650 - unleaded
S in diesel
(mg/kg)
Pb in petrol
(g/l)
10,000 – D2; 350 – 0.4 – leaded
Eko 3; 50 - Euro D 0.013 - unlead
500 (150 – 1/07) 7000-350 (75%)-50
0.005
www.rec.org
Vehicle emissions
Country Number of vehicles
Albania
274,652 (80% diesel)
Bulgaria
3,165,279
BiH
731,000
Croatia
1,461,000 (70% petrol)
Macedonia 444,000 (82% petrol)
Romania
3,318,208 (80% petrol)
SCG
1,801,000 (60% petrol)
Turkey
7,806,000
• Diesel passenger cars 10%-
30%. BiH (>50%), SCG (>30%)
• LDV, HDV, buses – mostly
diesel
• Old fleet – mostly 11-20 years,
few new ones – BG (36%, >20
years)
• Domestic vehicle production –
Romania, SCG and Turkey
• Limitations on import (age cap
BiH, MK, SCG)
www.rec.org
Leading Global Partnership Promoting Better Air Quality
Through Cleaner Fuels and Vehicles -
www.unep.org/pcfv
•“Help developing countries to develop action plans to complete the global
elimination of leaded gasoline and start to phase down sulphur in diesel and
gasoline fuels, concurrent with adopting cleaner vehicle requirements.”
- Launch of Global Lead Campaign:
Phase out Worldwide by end 2008;
- Promotion of sulphur reduction in
fuels (support for region and
country goals with ultimate goal of
50 ppm or below);
- Cleaner vehicle technologies: Catalytic
converters, particle filters, etc.
www.rec.org
Joining the PCFV!
• You are welcome to join the Partnership. For more
information please contact:
Elisa Dumitrescu/UNEP/P.O Box 30552 Nairobi,
KENYA/Tel: (+254 20) 7624735
• You are welcome to join the mailing list on clean fuels
and vehicles managed by REC: my contacts.
www.rec.org
Why reduce pollution from diesel vehicles?
• Diesel pollution triggers increased asthma attacks,
cancer, heart ailments, and premature deaths;
• In many large cities, most street-level PM comes from
diesel vehicles
• New diesel emission standards take 2-3 decades to fully
phase in: A diesel engine sold today will still be
used in 2020
Programs to retire, retrofit or replace existing vehicles will accelerate
the health benefits of cleaner fuels and technologies!!!!
Source: Richerd Kassel, NRDC
www.rec.org
Retrofits
• Technological options: Diesel Oxidation Catalysts
(DOCs); Flow-Through Filters (FTFs); Diesel
Particulate Filters (DPFs)
• Specific mix of strategies: Retire the oldest and dirtiest
diesels as soon as possible; Replace with the cleanest
fuels and technologies, using a “systems approach”;
Retrofit remaining diesels with PM controls;
• Successful retrofit examples: New York City. Sao Paolo,
Mexico City.
www.rec.org
Resources on Retrofits
• http://www.nrdc.org/air/transportation/retrofit/retrofit.pdf
• http://www.meca.org/cs/root/diesel_retrofit_subsite/what_is_re
trofit/what_is_retrofit
• http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia/1412/propertyvalue13989.html
• http://www.dieselforum.org/retrofit-tool-kit-homepage/
• http://www.environmentaldefense.org/article.cfm?contentid=398
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www.rec.org
TNT/UNEP Fleet Management Toolkit
• The CD-based toolkit will help fleet managers to develop their
own Cleaner Fleet Strategy.
• Awareness: helps you understand the problem of transport and
environment;
• Impact: helps you make an inventory of your fleet and roughly
calculate your emissions and their impacts (baseline);
• Actions: gives you an overview of options available in the short,
medium, and long term for a cleaner vehicle fleet and shows
potential emissions reductions for these actions;
• Strategy: helps you to develop a cleaner fleet strategy and
monitoring your improvements.
• To be applicable for the reduction of emissions of any vehicle
fleet (focused at operations in developing/ transition countries)!!!
www.rec.org
Thank you!
For more information: Ruslan Zhechkov
Tel.: +36-20-924-58-74
E-mail: [email protected]
Web site Clean Fuels and Vehicles in CEE:
http://www.rec.org/rec/programs/pcfv/
www.rec.org