Transcript Document

IPv6 Multimedia Services and
Analysis of the User Groups
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Kaida Jiang
2008.12.19
SJTU’s IPv6 multimedia website
http://video6.sjtu.edu.cn
IPv6 address
2001:da8:a4:ff::84
Network traffic graphs of a media server
1 Day
1 Week
Maximum appears during Olympic
Games in Beijing:
Max IPv6 traffic>3Gbps
compared with Campus Network at
the same time:
Max IPv4 traffic>18Gbps
1 Year
High video proportion in CERNET2 IPv6 traffic
2008.11.27－11.28
CERNET2
Shanghai－Nanjing
2008.11.27－11.28
CERNET2
A media server’s traffic
2 main IPv6 Stream Media Platforms
Microsoft Windows Media Service
Opensource VLC http://www.videolan.org/
Windows Media Service Structure
Satellite
CATV
Live
Network
stream
IPv6
Media Encoder
Media Server
Large-scale encoder of TV signal
Employ many PCs
Rely on CPU encoding (software compression)
each PC with 2～3 pieces of video capture card
TV Multi-channel A/V demodulator
Input: one RF signal (CATV)
Output: Multi A/V to several video capture cards
Acquisition hardware compression card
Directly output network streams
Windows Media Encoder
Windows Media: mature and stable
High performance: Windows Media Server
with 2
Quad-core Processors
VLC http://download.videolan.org/pub/vlc/
Unicast and Multicast
Support IPv4 and IPv6
Receive, forward and double compress network streams
HDTV Broadcast，low delay（seconds）
Open Source，support multiple OS
A media server provide tens of TV channel
IPv6 unicast
(http output)
IPv6 multicast convert to
IPv4 multicast
Web browser (support IE/Firefox/Opera)
1920×1080
VLC Player (TV Playlist)
IPv6 Multicast
High performance: VLC Server
Windows and Linux
SDTV and HDTV
A Server with Intel(R) Xeon(R)
CPU 5130 2.0G 4G Memory
can support 2.5G+ traffic
Dual-quad-core Xeon 1.6G，
output 3.1G bps
IPv6 Multicast in SJTU’s Campus Network
We provide 94 TV signals in Campus Network
Cover 5000 users
Huawei Switch
Access layer
S3026
Convergence layer
EMD
Core Layer
NE80E
CCTV Olympic High-Definition TV(1920*1080)
2008.8.8
Analysis of IPv6 website’s Log files
Web Log file format
date time s-sitename cs-method cs-uri-stem cs-username c-ip cs-version
s(User-Agent) cs(Referer) sc-status sc-bytes
2008-07-20 07:02:06 W3SVC1 GET /Default.asp 2001:da8:224:c054:f454:bc10:e212:459d HTTP/1.1
Mozilla/4.0+(compatible;+MSIE+6.0;+Windows+NT+5.1;+SV1) - 200 36656
Time
2008.6.24 ~ 2008.11.24 From latest five months
Involving 1,156,040 different IPv6 addresses and
31,446,310 records
Motivation
Understand the usage state of server, and optimize
the hardware and software settings.
Understand the composition of IPv6 users, and
provide more focused service.
How to filter non-relevant data
1,935 records are from the search engine and Network Scanning
，accounting for 0.006% of all the records.
20,697,103 IPv6 addresses ended with ‘%0’ are double recorded
，accounting for 65.8% of all the records.
Rest 10,749,207 records are selected as sample for analysis.
Analysis of IPv6 users’ source
\
Access
Independent IPv6 address number
Percent
1.
ISATAP tunnel
89,910
7.78%
2.
6to4 tunnel
22,641
1.96%
3.
IPv6 Proxy
1
N/A
4.
Native IPv6
1,043,468 90.26%
5.
Teredo tunnel
20 0.002%
IPv6 address allocation（below is a portion）
（1）ISATAP Tunnel
IPv6 address format ：
Prefix（64bit）:0:5efe:IPv4ADDR
e.g. 2001:da8:207:1:0:5efe:59.64.34.188
（from Beijing Normal University）
ISATAP Tunnel
Found 3,100,652 records in the log, accounting for 28.8% of total
access.
Found 89,910 different IPv6 addresses，accounting for 7.78%.
On average, each IPv6 address contributes 34.5 records.
ISATAP Tunnel active Top20
No.
Prefix（64bit）:0:5efe
IPv4 address
Provider
1
2001:da8:1005:1111:0:5efe
8,952
Nanjing Agricultural University(1)
2
2001:250:2003:200:0:5efe
7,052
Sichuan University(1)
3
2001:da8:21c:6ff:0:5efe
5,915
Renmin University Of China
4
2001:250:2003:20:0:5efe
4,515
Sichuan University(2)
5
2001:da8:8000:d010:0:5efe
3,891
Shanghai Jiao Tong University(1)
6
2001:da8:207:1:0:5efe
3,657
Beijing Normal University
7
2001:da8:e000:90:0:5efe
2,993
Zhejiang University
8
2001:da8:4003:3:0:5efe
2,798
Xi'AN University of Architecture and Technology(1)
9
2001:da8:8000:3:0:5efe
2,771
Shanghai Jiao Tong University(2)
10
2001:250:207:4:0:5efe
2,751
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
11
2001:da8:200:900e:0:5efe
2,518
Tsinghua University
12
2001:da8:1005:1112:0:5efe
2,506
Nanjing Agricultural University(2)
13
2001:da8:4003:1:0:5efe
2,146
Xi'AN University of Architecture and Technology(2)
14
2001:da8:205:ffff:0:5efe
1,865
Beijing Jiaotong University
15
2001:250:4402:20:0:5efe
1,727
Hunan University(1)
16
2001:da8:1005:1117:0:5efe
1,701
Nanjing Agricultural University(3)
17
2001:250:2009:400c:0:5efe
1,639
Xihua University(1)
18
2001:da8:6005:1:0:5efe
1,628
Southwest Jiaotong University
19
2001:da8:6004:1004:0:5efe
1,569
Sichuan Agricultural University (1)
20
2001:250:4000:8fff:0:5efe
1,436
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
ISATAP Tunnel active Top20-40
No.
Prefix（64bit）:0:5efe
IPv4 address
Provider
21
2001:250:212:8001:0:5efe
1,383
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
22
2001:250:4001:10:0:5efe
1,355
Wuhan University
23
2001:da8:1006:2001:0:5efe
1,351
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
24
2001:da8:c003:3:0:5efe
1,210
Northwest Normal University
25
2001:da8:1005:1113:0:5efe
1,136
Nanjing Agricultural University(4)
26
2001:da8:7007:ffff:0:5efe
1,103
China University of Petroleum
27
2001:250:1005:2:0:5efe
1,033
Chang'an University
28
2001:250:209:4188:0:5efe
971
China Agricultural University(1)
29
2001:250:4402:101:0:5efe
950
Hunan University(2)
30
2001:da8:1005:1110:0:5efe
846
Nanjing Agricultural University(5)
31
2001:250:209:288:0:5efe
808
China Agricultural University(2)
32
2001:da8:1010:1:0:5efe
799
Jiangnan University
33
2001:250:3002:7000:0:5efe
701
Sun Yat-sen University
34
2001:da8:c800:b:0:5efe
698
Chongqing University(1)
35
2001:250:5008:2000:0:5efe
632
Jiangsu Polytechnic University
36
2001:da8:6004:1003:0:5efe
592
Sichuan Agricultural University (2)
37
2001:250:2009:4002:0:5efe
590
Xihua University(2)
38
2001:da8:211:2:0:5efe
547
Beijing Forestry University
39
2001:da8:1005:1118:0:5efe
508
Nanjing Agricultural University(6)
40
2001:da8:c800:b1:0:5efe
490
Chongqing University(2)
Deviation analysis
DHCP
IPv4 address will change even for the same user
More…
more than one ISATAP tunnel server in a university
71％ users converge to top 20 tunnel servers
96％ users converge to top 50 tunnel servers
ISATAP Tunnel Server
Shanghai Jiao Tong University isatap.sjtu.edu.cn
Tsinghua University isatap.tsinghua.edu.cn
Zhejiang University 10.10.5.56
China Agricultural University isatap.cau.edu.cn
South China Agricultural University isatap.scau.edu.cn
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
isatap.hust.edu.cn
Zhongnan University of Economics and Law
isatap.znufe.edu.cn
Xi'AN University of Architecture and Technology
isatap.xauat.edu.cn
……
National Tunnel Server Number: >100
（2） 6to4 Tunnel
IPv6 address format：
2002:IPv4ADDR::/48
e.g. 2002:dbe4:6fe6::dbe4:6fe6 from
219.228.111.230 (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
6to4 Tunnel
Found 240,161 records in the log, accounting for 2.23% of total
access.
Found 22,641 IPv6 addresses，accounting for 1.96%.
On average, each IPv6 address contributes 10.6 records.
Found 20,898 different IPv4 addresses.
6to4 Tunnel active Top20
No.
Organization
IPv4 address
1
ShanDong University
6,260
2
China Telecom
1,930
3
Sichuan University
1,887
4
China Unicom
1,644
5
Chinese Academy of Sciences
1,445
6
Chongqing University
1,170
7
Lanzhou University
1,022
8
Hunan University
646
9
Wuhan University
503
10
Shanghai University
489
11
Xidian University
443
12
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
340
13
Southwest Jiaotong University
323
14
Zhengzhou University
323
15
CERNET VPN
220
16
China University of Petroleum
185
17
China Railway Communication
166
18
Fuzhou University
130
19
Xi'an Jiaotong University
126
20
Tongji University
98
（3） IPv6 Proxy
IPv6 Address: 2001:638:902:1::11
Found 381,429 records in the log, accounting for 3.55% of
total access.
Number of different User-Agents: 2654
Domain name ：proxy.ipv6.uni-leipzig.de
IPv6 http and ftp proxy provided by German Leipzig
University, which is the most popular proxy in IPv6 network.
（4）Native IPv6
Found 7,026,820 records in the log，accounting for 65.37%
of total access.
Found 1,043,468 IPv6 addresses，accounting for 90.26%.
On average, each IPv6 address contributes 6.7 records.
Map IPv6 addresses to corresponding users, then produce
statistics.
Native IP active organization Top20
No.
Prefix（64bit）:
Organization
Active IPv6
1
2001:DA8:7000
ShanDong University
142,848
2
2001:CC0:2020
Chinese Academy of Sciences
117,245
3
2001:DA8:224
China University of Political Science and Law
95,106
4
2001:DA8:D805
HeFei University of Technology
72,793
5
2001:DA8:216
Beijing University of Technology
66,180
6
2001:DA8:1002
Southeast University
48,717
7
2001:DA8:7007
China University of Petroleum
46,624
8
2001:DA8:208
University of Science and Technology Beijing
44,929
9
2001:DA8:7001
ShanDong University
28,179
10
2001:DA8:E000
Zhejiang University
19,135
11
2001:DA8:1005
Nanjing Agricultural University
17,284
12
2001:DA8:1004
HoHai University
16,923
13
2001:DA8:201
Peking University
15,685
14
2001:DA8:211
Beijing Forestry University
13,035
15
2001:DA8:8006
Shanghai University
12,232
16
2001:DA8:200
Tsinghua University
11,949
17
2001:250:2800
Yunnan University
11,773
18
2001:DA8:C000
Lanzhou University
11,677
19
2001:DA8:219
The Central University of Nationalities
10,050
20
2001:DA8:C800
Chongqing University
9,872
Native IP active organization Top20-40
No.
Prefix（64bit）:
21
2001:250:401
22
Organization
Active IPv6
Nankai University
9,852
2001:DA8:2004
South China Agricultural University
9,531
23
2001:DA8:5000
Zhengzhou University
9,384
24
2001:250:217
Communication University of China
8,442
25
2001:DA8:D800
University of Science and Technology of China
8,326
26
2001:DA8:b803
Northeast Agricultural University
8,247
27
2001:250:2009
Xihua University
8,244
28
2001:DA8:215
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
7,791
29
2001:DA8:A002
Tianjin Medical University
7,116
30
2001:250:2000
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
6,967
31
2001:250:1804
South China University of Technology
6,854
32
2001:250:1005
Chang'an University
6,794
33
2001:250:5401
Anhui University
6,624
34
2001:250:1006
Xidian University
5,853
35
2001:DA8:9000
Northeastern University
5,619
36
2001:DA8:204
Beijing Institute of Technology
5,587
37
2001:DA8:B000
Jilin University
5,197
38
2001:250:4004
WuHan University of Technology
5,144
39
2001:256:100
3Tnet
4,945
40
2001:DA8:b8
Tongji University
4,458
Deviation analysis
For security，Native IPv6 address in Windows Operation
System will change as time goes by，thus log will record
different IPv6 address for the same user visit the same
website in different time.
Refer to top organization in preceding ppt, the actual users
number may be less than IPv6 address number, we just want
to show it’s relative big user population and high visit
frequency.
（5）Teredo Tunnel
IPv6 address format：
2001:0000::/32
Found 145 records in the log, accounting for 0.001% of
total access.
Found 20 different IPv6 addresses , accounting for
0.002%.
On average, each IPv6 address contributes 7.25 records.
Found 4 Teredo servers.
Analysis of OperationSystem
\
1.
OS
Vista
2.
Frequency
3
1
3.
Windows XP
13
4.
Linux
3
User-Agent string in web log files
Mozilla/5.0+(Windows;+U;+Windows+NT+6.0;+zh-CN;+rv:1.9)+Gecko/2008052906+Firefox/3.0
Mozilla/4.0+(compatible;+MSIE+6.0;+Windows+NT+5.1;+SV1;+.NET+CLR+1.1.4322;+TheWorld)
Mozilla/4.0+(compatible;+MSIE+7.0;+Windows+NT+5.1;+Maxthon;+.NET+CLR+2.0.50727)
Mozilla/4.0+(compatible;+MSIE+6.0;+Windows+NT+5.2;+SV1;+QQDownload+1.7;+.NET+CLR+1.1
.4322;+IE7Pro)
Mozilla/5.0+(X11;+U;+Linux+i686;+zh-CN;+rv:1.9)+Gecko/2008052912+Firefox/3.0
Opera/9.50+(X11;+Linux+i686;+U;+zh-cn)
Mozilla/5.0+(Windows;+U;+Windows+NT+6.0;+enUS)+AppleWebKit/525.13+(KHTML,+like+Gecko)+Chrome/0.2.149.29+Safari/525.13
Mozilla/5.0+(Macintosh;+U;+Intel+Mac+OS+X;+zhcn)+AppleWebKit/523.15.1+(KHTML,+like+Gecko)+Version/3.0.4+Safari/523.15
Analysis of user’s Web Browser
Browser
Independent IPv6 address number
Percent
IE 6.0
625,364
54.1%
IE 7.0
501,543
43.4%
Firefox 3.0
28,475
2.46%
Firefox 2.0
22,855
1.98%
IE 8.0
10,812
0.94%
Opera
9,085
0.79%
Chrome
7,235
0.63%
1,026
0.09%
853
0.07%
Firefox 1.0/1.5
Safari
Analysis of user’s Operation System
OS
Windows XP
Independent IPv6 address number
Percent
1,033,402
88.8%
126,459
10.9%
1,757
0.15%
1,370
0.12%
Windows 2000
344
0.03%
Macintosh
139
0.01%
Linux
Summary
IPv6 prevalence is still low, but growing by the day.
Universities and scientific research institutions are dominant
users of IPv6.
ISATAP Tunnel and NativeIP are the most common access.
IPv6 Proxy made a hit.
Windows and IE are dominant OS and Browser.
Thanks!
[email protected]