Transcript Optimum Selection for Identified Major Genes

Improving Productivity
Noel H Williams
PIC North America
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Genetic Trends
Trait
2001
2011
Total born
12.8
14.0
Born alive
11.7
13.0
Pigs weaned/sow/year
24.4
30.0
Milk production, lb weaned/sow/year
288
400
Litters/sow/year
2.5
2.5
Feed usage/WP/sow/year, lb
100
75
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
26 BA, 0 SB, 0 mummies
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
What Improvements Have Been
Made in the Last 10 Years?
Strategies for reproduction: Sow Farm
Gilt development and management
Lactation and gestation feeding strategies
Managing sow body condition
Length of lactation
Discipline and Implementation
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Farm 1 Performance
Performance Monitor 2/23/2011
14 WK
14 WK
14 WK
42 WK
BREEDING
TOTAL # OF SERVICES (SOWS & GILTS)
275
287
293
285
# OF GILTS SERVICE/WK
60
63
80
68
# OF GILT SERVICES W NO PRIOR HEATS RECORDED (HNS)/WK
0
0
0
0
TOTAL # OF RECYLCES/WK
7
9
9
8
# OF RECYCLES REBRED/WK
0
0
0
# OF RECYCLES NOT REBRED BUT CULLED/WK
7
9
9
8
3%
3%
3%
3%
RECYCLES AS A % OF SERVICES
# OF RECYCLES LESS THAN 35 DAYS OF PREGNANCY/WK (REBRED OR CULLED)
0
6
8
9
8
90%
98%
98%
96%
50
36
20
35
0.8%
0.6%
0.3%
0.6%
1.4
0.7
1.4
1.2
- TOTAL # BRED/WK
275
289
291
285
-TOTAL # SOWS BRED/WK
196
229
213
213
% RECYCLES LESS THAN 35 DAYS OF PREGNANCY
# OF HARDHEADS (OPEN SOWS GREATER THAN 7D POST WEANING THAT NOT BEEN BRED YET)
% HARDHEADS OF MATED FEMALE INVENTORY
# OF ABORTIONS GREATER THAN 50 D OF PREGNANCY
PREG CHECKING
- TOTAL # GILTS BRED/WK
80
60
78
72
-# PREG +/30 DAYS/WK/WK
265
277
277
273
- # SOWS PREG +/30 DAYS
188
220
203
203
- # GILTS PREG +/30 DAYS
77
58
75
70
-% PREG +/30 DAYS
96%
96%
95%
96%
- % SOWS PREG +/30 DAYS
96%
96%
95%
96%
- % GILTS PREG +/30 DAYS
FARROWING RATE
98%
96%
96%
97%
95.3%
95.7%
95.2%
95.4%
263
262
272
266
13.9
13.6
13.9
13.8
3461
3363
3590
3471
FARROWING
# FARROWED/WK
AVG TOTAL BORN/LITTER
TOTAL LIVEBORN/WK
AVERAGE LIVEBORN/LITTER
13.2
12.9
13.2
13.1
AVERAGE WEANING AGE
20.1
20.9
20.5
20.5
# OF STILLBORN/WK
129
123
110
121
% OF STILLBORN
4%
3%
3%
3%
# MUMMIES/WK
69
84
76
% OF MUMMIES
2%
2%
2%
2%
# DIED THAT WERE BORNALIVE/WK
233
246
264
248
6.8%
7.3%
7.4%
7.2%
12.3
11.9
12.2
12.1
INVENTORY OF VIRGIN GILTS GREATER THAN 200 D
310
359
360
343
INVENTORY OF MATED GILTS/SOWS (20 GRPSX275)
5493
5525
5503
5507
5803
5884
5863
5850
102.4%
103.8%
103.5%
103.2%
5
5
6
6
SOW DEATHS %
4.9%
4.6%
5.2%
4.9%
# PIGS WND/MATED FEMALE/YR
31.1
28.8
30.9
30.3
3296
3070
3285
3217
13.8
14.9
14.5
23
23
24
23
% DESTROYED AT WEANING
0.68%
0.71%
0.73%
0.71%
% OF PIG BUDGET OF 2818/WK
117%
109%
117%
114%
PREWEANING MORTALITY % (PWM)
NET GAIN/WK (WEANING AVERAGE)
76
POPULATION
INVENTORY OF ALL FEMALES > 200 D
% INVENTORY CAPACITY of 5666
SOW DEATHS /WK
SALES
# OF PIGS WEANED/WK
-AVG WEIGHT
# DESTROYED AT WEANING/WK
14.4
FEED DELIVERIES
AVG # GEST FEED/SOW/DAY (4904 SOWS WITH 100 EMPTY CRATES)
4.8
5.3
5.7
5.3
AVG # LACTATION FEED/SOW/DAY (825 F CRATES FULL - 1/2 GRP EMPTY)
12.4
13.3
13.4
13.0
GESTATION - TON/ WK#
88.6
93.6
96.7
93.0
LACTATION - TON/ WK#
LBS OF SOW FEED PER PIG PRODUCED
34.7
39.1
38.9
37.6
70
82
81.6
78
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Farm 2 Performance
Performance Monitor 2/23/2011
14 WK
14 WK
14 WK
42 WK
260
267
269
266
76
73
73
74
# OF GILT SERVICES W NO PRIOR HEATS RECORDED (HNS)/WK
0
0
0
0
TOTAL # OF RECYLCES/WK
6
7
7
7
# OF RECYCLES REBRED/WK
0
0
0
# OF RECYCLES NOT REBRED BUT CULLED/WK
6
7
7
6
2%
3%
3%
2%
5
7
7
6
87%
99%
98%
95%
39
86
87
71
0.7%
1.5%
1.5%
1.2%
1.9
2.2
2.3
2.2
- TOTAL # BRED/WK
269
268
267
268
-TOTAL # SOWS BRED/WK
186
193
191
190
BREEDING
TOTAL # OF SERVICES (SOWS & GILTS)
# OF GILTS SERVICE/WK
RECYCLES AS A % OF SERVICES
# OF RECYCLES LESS THAN 35 DAYS OF PREGNANCY/WK (REBRED OR CULLED)
% RECYCLES LESS THAN 35 DAYS OF PREGNANCY
# OF HARDHEADS (OPEN SOWS GREATER THAN 7D POST WEANING THAT NOT BEEN BRED YET)
% HARDHEADS OF MATED FEMALE INVENTORY
# OF ABORTIONS GREATER THAN 50 D OF PREGNANCY
0
PREG CHECKING
- TOTAL # GILTS BRED/WK
78
75
76
76
-# PREG +/30 DAYS/WK/WK
261
259
257
259
- # SOWS PREG +/30 DAYS
179
186
183
183
- # GILTS PREG +/30 DAYS
-% PREG +/30 DAYS
- % SOWS PREG +/30 DAYS
- % GILTS PREG +/30 DAYS
FARROWING RATE
73
74
1
1
1
97%
96%
77
96%
73
96%
96%
98%
97%
97%
98%
94.0%
96.6%
96.5%
95.7%
FARROWING
# FARROWED/WK
AVG TOTAL BORN/LITTER
TOTAL LIVEBORN/WK
242
259
256
252
13.5
13.4
13.4
13.4
3064
3293
3260
3206
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
AVERAGE WEANING AGE
19.7
19.3
19.3
19.4
# OF STILLBORN/WK
122
100
100
107
% OF STILLBORN
4%
3%
3%
3%
# MUMMIES/WK
77
74
73
% OF MUMMIES
2%
2%
2%
2%
# DIED THAT WERE BORNALIVE/WK
174
180
181
178
5.7%
5.5%
5.6%
5.6%
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
INVENTORY OF VIRGIN GILTS GREATER THAN 200 D
311
359
363
345
INVENTORY OF MATED GILTS/SOWS (20 GRPSX275)
5292
5367
5366
5342
5603
5726
5730
5686
97.7%
99.8%
99.9%
99.1%
6
6
6
6
5.4%
28.2
5.4%
30.3
5.7%
30.2
5.5%
29.6
2876
3112
3104
3030
14.5
13.6
13.6
10
19
18
15
% DESTROYED AT WEANING
0.34%
0.59%
0.57%
0.50%
% OF PIG BUDGET OF 2818/WK
102%
110%
110%
107%
AVERAGE LIVEBORN/LITTER
PREWEANING MORTALITY % (PWM)
NET GAIN/WK (WEANING AVERAGE)
75
POPULATION
INVENTORY OF ALL FEMALES > 200 D
% INVENTORY CAPACITY of 5666
SOW DEATHS /WK
SOW DEATHS %
# PIGS WND/MATED FEMALE/YR
SALES
# OF PIGS WEANED/WK
-AVG WEIGHT
# DESTROYED AT WEANING/WK
13.9
FEED DELIVERIES
AVG # GEST FEED/SOW/DAY (4904 SOWS WITH 100 EMPTY CRATES)
5.6
5.0
5.0
5.2
AVG # LACTATION FEED/SOW/DAY (825 F CRATES FULL - 1/2 GRP EMPTY)
13.2
15.0
15.0
14.4
GESTATION - TON/ WK#
93.2
87.3
88.6
89.7
LACTATION - TON/ WK#
LBS OF SOW FEED PER PIG PRODUCED
38.6
39.2
39.8
39.2
86
78
78
81
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Productivity Improvements
2009
Q1
2010
2011
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Farrowing rate, % 92.6
92.7
93.3
94.6
93.8
92.7
92.5
93.0
94.6
Litters/sow/yr 2.41
2.41
2.41
2.41
2.39
2.37
2.42
2.44
2.40
Avg Born Alive 12.73 12.63 12.88 12.94 13.15 13.28 13.44 13.87 13.89
PWM, % 9.1
8.8
9.6
9.7
9.3
9.2
9.5
9.2
9.3
Avg wean pigs/sow 11.57 11.52 11.64 11.68 11.93 12.06 12.16 12.59 12.60
Wean/MF/yr 27.89 27.76 28.06 28.16 28.51 28.58 29.43 30.73 30.24
Courtesy of Dr. Joaquin Sporke and Eduardo Luchsinger
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
How Did They Maintain PWM With
Higher Litter Size ?
•Have a good team in place
•Assisting farrowings. Make sure day-1 care is always there
•Provide right environment to newborn piglets
•Implement an effective colostrum management process
•Keep sows healthy and have a good start
•Keep piglets healthy
•Set litters consciously, according to every sow capacity and history
•Have a good plan to use nurse sows
•Designated creep area for piglets
•Heat lamp management
•Current trials showing some other management practices that can
take the system to a level of less than 8% PWM
•Did the same better
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Genomic Selection
• Implementation of dense marker panels
– Total born - L02 Dec. 2010
• 58% improvement in accuracy
– Scrotal Hernias – 337 Dec. 2010
• 14% improvement in accuracy
– Finishing Mortality – 337 Jan. 2011
• 22% improvement in accuracy
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Genetic Trends
Trait
2011
2016
Total born
14.0
15.7
Born alive
13.0
14.9
Pigs weaned/sow/year
30.0
35.4
Milk production, lb weaned/sow/year
400
550
Litters/sow/year
2.5
2.5
Feed usage/WP/sow/year, lb
75
??
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
What Innovations will Occur in Next
Five Years
Strategies for reproduction: Sow Farm
Gilt development and
Lactation and management
gestation feeding strategies
Managing sow body condition
Length of lactation
Message – as Biology/Potential of sows change we must
continue to research these factors
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
What Innovation will Occur in the
Next 5 Years
Strategies for Reproduction: Sow Farm
Crate Size
Hovers, other Technologies
Continued Improvement of Pig Quality
Improve Teat Quality/Milk Production
Discipline and Implementation-Human Factor
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Get Creative
1. Innovative ideas - not so much have been done in this
department so new ideas to explore are welcome
•
For instance,
this device
prevent laid
ons by blowing
cold air into
the creep area
when the dam
is getting
down.
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
What improvements have been
made in the last 10 years?
Boar Stud
1. Accuracy of semen concentration
2. Assessment of sperm
3. Confidence in boar studs
Not much change in semen
concentration and utilization of boars…
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Semen Concentration Trial
• Objective: Use lower semen concentration and
improve the use of genetically superior boars
• Used a stud with terminals that was pooling semen
at 3.25 billion viable
• Materials and Methods:
– Boars were used at 2 billion cells with traditional
AI for 50 ss matings
– 100 matings per week at 2 sow farms
– Identify poor fertility boars based on performance
– Remove these boars from the herd
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Results
16
100%
90%
14
80%
12
10
60%
8
50%
40%
6
% of mated sows
Number pigs per litter
70%
30%
4
20%
2
10%
0
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Boar
TB
BA
PR
FR
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
IUI CBVPlus Program
AI Boar
Avg. Index = 122
Diff = 14
CBVPlus Boar
Avg. Index =
136
Cull
50%
119
50%
128
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Estimated Performance Improvements
Reduction from 3 to 1 billion
FCR
Days
Backfat (mm)
Loin Depth (mm)
Pre wean Mort (%)
Nurs Mort (%)
Fin Mort (%)
$ value
CBVPlus
-0.0112
-0.428
-0.250
0.179
-0.236
-0.104
-0.107
$0.87
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
WTF Productivity
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
How Do You Measure Feed Cost
•
•
•
•
•
Cost/Ton
Feed/Gain
Feed Cost/Market Pig
Income Over Feed Cost
Hard to standardize
– Nutrient levels
– Market weight
– Physical form
– Etc, Etc
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Benchmark Comparison
Agri Stats Data, All Rights Reserved
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Benchmark Comparison
Agri Stats Data, All Rights Reserved
PIC Symposium 2010 | Nashville, TN
Benchmark Comparison
Agri Stats Data, All Rights Reserved
PIC Symposium 2010 | Nashville, TN
Benchmark Comparison
(260 Pound Pig)
Agri Stats Data, All Rights Reserved
PIC Symposium 2010 | Nashville, TN
PIC337 Grow – Finish Performance
270 lb. Market Wt.
Energy Level x Sex
Entry Wt.,
lb.
Market Wt.,
lb.
Average
Daily Gain,
lb. / day
Daily Feed
Intake,
lb. / day
Feed
Conversion
High Energy x Barrows
57.1
277.7
2.23
5.42
2.43 (3759)
High Energy x Gilts
58.4
275.0
2.05
4.84
2.37 (3666)
Low Energy x Barrows
58.5
280.2
2.13
5.82
2.73 (3931)
Low Energy x Gilts
58.7
275.8
1.97
5.18
2.63 (3787)
300 lb. Market Wt.
High Energy x Barrows
57.9
303.2
2.23
5.46
2.44 (3774)
High Energy x Gilts
59.2
300.0
2.07
4.95
2.39 (3697)
Low Energy x Barrows
57.2
303.6
2.11
5.92
2.81 (4046)
Low Energy x Gilts
59.1
297.3
2.03
5.39
2.66 (3830)
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Benchmark Comparison
(260 or 290 Pound Pig)
Agri Stats Data, All Rights Reserved
PIC Symposium 2010 | Nashville, TN
PIC337RG x Camborough
Barrows and Gilts
1,556 Kcals ME
Trait
Entry Wt., lb.
Market Wt., lb.
1,442 Kcals ME
Barrows
Gilts
Barrows
Gilts
64.3
63.9
61.6
62.3
290.4
290.0
289.7
290.3
Ave. Daily Gain, lb. / day
2.16
1.98
2.06
1.94
Daily Feed Intake, lb. / day
5.62
4.98
5.91
5.32
Feed Conversion
2.60
2.52
2.87
2.74
Metabolizable Energy, Mcals / day
Energy Conversion, Kcals / lb. gain
8.80
4,115
7.69
3,884
8.80
4,261
7.70
3,975
Message – PIC pigs have appetite capacity to meet
demands for growth
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Variation in Growth Rate
Avg. Daily Gain x Intake
2.15
2.10
R² = 0.8131
2.05
Avg. Daily Gain
2.00
Linear (Avg. Daily Gain)
1.95
1.90
1.85
4.00
4.20
4.40
4.60
4.80
5.00
5.20
5.40
5.60
5.80
6.00
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Variation in Growth Rate
y = 0.2058x + 0.6845
R² = 0.38
2.40
2.20
ADG, lb/d
2.00
1.80
1.60
Adequate intake, poor growth
1.40
1.20
1.00
4.00
4.20
4.40
4.60
4.80
5.00
5.20
5.40
5.60
5.80
6.00
ADFI, lb/d
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Factors Limiting Growth
• Environmental Limitations
– Feed availability
– Feeder design
– Water availability/design
– Square footage
• Other Stressors
– Health
– Health x environment interactions
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Compliments of Dean Boyd
PIC Symposium 2010 | Nashville, TN
GNX Program Expansion
FIRE test (May 2010)
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Bluegrass GNX Update
• 5,000 pigs tested / 250 sires now tested
• Fed low energy diets
• Fed pellets
• All lines (terminal and maternal) impacted by this
program
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
EBV Accuracy Improvement with
Crossbred Data
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Consumer Acceptability?
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Grow-Finish Potential
(Fire Station Off Tested Boars)
Criteria
Line 65
Line 27
On Test Weight, lb
62.3
63.0
End Weight, lb
265
263
Daily Gain, lb/day
2.27
2.27
Feed Conversion, lb
1.61
1.64
Feed Conversion, cal
2382
2472
BF, mm
9.01
9.22
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Improvest® Effects
Improvest Treated Males as % of Surgically Castrated Male Performance
Production Traits
% of Surgically Castrated Male
Average daily gain
4.1 %
Daily feed intake
2.4 %
Feed conversion
6.3 %
Carcass Traits
Yield
2.5 %
Last rib, Mid-line backfat thickness
8.5 %
FOM Loin depth
3.0 %
Boneless loin weight
.1 %
Boneless ham weight
3.0 %
Belly weight
4.3 %
Meat Quality Traits
Loin pH
.2 %
Subjective marbling score
15.5 %
Loin Minolta L*
1.7 %
Belly thickness
6.6 %
= Desirable response.
= Undesirable response.
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN
Feed Consumption: Castrated vs
Immunocastrated - Fielda Data
4.000
3.500
Consumo de Ração (g/dia)
3.743
25-32 kg - 3350 kcal EM/kg
32-60 kg - 3320 kcal EM/kg
60-90 kg - 3290 kcal EM/kg
90-110 kg - 3260 kcal EM//kg
110-130 kg - 3220 kcal EM/kg (Cirurgico)
3300 kcal EM/kg (Imunocastrado)
3.600
3.450
3.148
3.179
3.000
2.854
3.084
3.007
2.862
2.576
2.696
2.441
2.500
2.330
2.225
2.327
2.082
2.219
1.926
2.000
2.112
2.001
1.764
Second shot
1.866
1.580
1.737
5
0
0
19
18
18
0
5
5
17
17
5
0
16
15
5
0
5
0
15
14
14
13
13
0
5
0
5
0
5
12
12
11
11
10
10
95
90
85
80
0
First shot
16
1.436
75
70
Castrados
Imunocastrados
1.598
1.269
1.190
65
55
1.000
1.367
1.252
60
1.500
Idade (dias)
Message – Quick, Correct Adaption Critical
Compliments – Pilino Barbarino
PIC Symposium 2011 | Nashville, TN