THE COELOMYCETES

PROF. SYED QAISER ABBAS Ex-Chairman Department of Botany GC University, Faisalabad

THE COELOMYCETES

 

Fungi imperfecti or (Deuteromycotina)

 having conidia and conidiogenous cells in cavity lined by:  fungal tissues;   host tissues fungal tissues  host tissues both The most important group causing diseases in;    Plants; Animals; and human beings.

THE COELOMYCETES

 Fungi of Cosmopolitan Distribution  well known plant pathogens with wide host range   

Macrophomina phaseolina, Lasiodiplodia undulata (=L. theobronae) Ascochyta pisi

Taxonomy in Historical Perspective

     Grove (1919) Initial Treatment; Phyllosticta, Phomopsis and Phloeospora Grove (1935, 1937)   All fungi forming conidia in a cavity lined by fungal or fungal and host or only host tissues.  Sutton (1962, 1963) Application the concept of conidiogenesis for taxonomic treatment of Hyphomycetes of Hughes (1953) to Coelomycetes Kendrick (1979a, 1979b) Refined taxonomic treatment based on the concept of conidiogenesis

Taxonomy in Historical Perspective

 Alexopoulos & Mims (1979)  kingdom Myceteae    Gymnomycota Mastigomycota Amastigomycota: Achlorophyllous; absorptive nutrition; generally without flagella; cells have spindle fiber which functions during nuclear division instead of a centriole.      Amastigomycota sub-Division Zygomycotina; sub-Division Ascomycotina; sub-Division Basidiomycotina; sub-Division Deutromycotina.

Taxonomy in Historical Perspective

  Division Deuteromycotina (an artificial taxon)  One class Deuteromycetes    Subclass Hyphomycetidae Subclass Aganomycetidae: Subclass Coelomycetidae 

order Sphaeropsidales (Having pycnidial condiomata)



order Melanconiales (having acervular condiomata)

Sutton (1977, 1980)  Coelomycetes    order Sphaeropsidales (Having pycnidial condiomata) order Melanconiales (Having acervular condiomata) order Pycnothyriales (Having pycnothyrium conidiomata)

Class Deuteromycetes

 -Form-subclass: Coelomycetidae (Coelomycetes)  Form-order: Sphaeropsidales (pycnidial

)

  Form-family: Sphaeropsidaceae Form-family: Nectrioidaceae   Form-family: Leptostromataceae Form-family: Discellaceae   Form-order: Pycnothyriales (Pycnothyrium)  Form-family Pycnothyriacea From-order: Melanconiales (acervulus)  Form-family: Melanconiaceae

Class Deuteromycetes

 Form-subclass: Hyphomycetidae (Hyphomycetes)  Form-order: Moniliales  Form-family: Moniliaceae (Hyaline conidia and conidiophore)    Form-family: Dematiaceae (Coloured conidia and conidiophore) Form-family: Tuberculariaceae (Sporodochium) Form-family: Stilbellaceae (Synemma)  Form-order: Agonomycetales (Mycelia Sterilia)

CONIDIOMATAL STRUCTURES

(Six variants morphological types)



Phoma-type

(Conidiomata Pycnidial, dark colored, leathery to carbonaceous, stromatic or non-stromatic pycnidia generally with a circular ostiole)



Zythia (Nectria)-type

(Conidiomata Pycnidial as in Phoma-type, but light colored, and sometimes waxy)



Leptostroma-type

(Conidiomata shield-shaped)



Discella-type

(Conidiomata more or less cup shaped)

 

Pycnothyrial Type

(Conidiomata pycnothyrium)

Eustomata Type

(Conidiomata Eustomatic, Multilocular of complex structure of different shapes)

Current fungal Classification

  (Before 1969, ) Three kingdom system concepts    Prokaryotae Animalia Plantae

Five kingdom system by Whittaker (1969)

 Monera     Protista Fungi Animalia Plantae

Current Status



Dick 1995: printing methods) (Using Genetic engineering and by rDNA finger

 Monera  Protista  Fungi  Animalia  plantae  kingdom Straminipila

• Current Status

     Alexopoulos

et al

    (1995)

Protista

Phylum Plasmodiophoromycota, Phylum Dictyostleiomycota Phylum Acrasiomycota Phylum Myxomycota

Monera Animalia plantae kingdom Fungi

   

Phylum Chytridiomycota Phylum zygomycota Phylum Ascomycota Phylum Basidiomycota

Current Status

 Alexopoulos

et al

(1995)

Stramenopila.

     Phylum Oomycota Phylum Hyphochytridiomycota Phylum Laburinthulomycota Diatoms Brown algae

Recent Position of Deuteromycetes

 Alexopoulos

et al

 (1995) Second class members among “Perfect” sexually reproducing organism (Ascomycota).  Not sub divided this artificial class into sub classes or in orders.  Hawksworth

et al

(1995)  All asexually reproducing fungi as Mitosporic fungi and also not divided into orders and families.