Transcript Contribute to the Planning, Organising and Monitoring of Work

Contribute to the Planning,
Organising and Monitoring of Work
Role and Qualities of an Administrative Assistant;
Individual and Organisational Targets;
Planning and Prioritising;
Time and Task Management;
Team Working.
The Role and Qualities of the Admin
Assistant
The Admin Assistant is responsible for providing the
organisational skills and support to the organisation
in terms of information and communication.
General duties include:
Task carried out by Senior
Admin Assistants:
filing, document
Supervisory, with increased
production, mail
responsibility for making
handling, reprographics
decisions and assistant
and making travel
management more directly.
arrangements.
Qualities of the Senior Admin
Assistant
Good organisational skills, including ability to prioritise
tasks and meet or negotiate deadlines;
Reliable and discreet;
Be an effective co-coordinator of activity;
Be able to work unsupervised;
Possess high-level communication skills;
Liaise well with customers and staff (including middle
and senior managers;
Possess excellent ICT skills, be able to compose and
present material on own on behave of others. Knowledge
of financial procedures may also be necessary.
Job Description (Job Specification)
Lists the role, duties and responsibilities of the post; the
person/s to whom the post-holder is accountable and for
whom they are responsible. Duties include:
Preparing and responding to correspondence;
Using a variety of software applications;
Preparing presentation material using appropriate software;
Supervising junior staff;
Organising and recording meetings;
Arranging events (eg seminars and conferences);
Organising and allocation resources (people, time, equipment);
Researching information.
Person Specification
As well as the Job Specification, employers look for
many personal qualities necessary to fulfil the post. ie, a
Person Specification, these qualities are normally listed
as desirable or essential. An example of personal
qualities:
Good communicator;
Well organised;
Team worker;
Problem solver;
Ability to delegate;
Discreet.
Individual and Organisational Targets
Action Plans
Priorities Lists
Dealing with Changing Priorities
Setting Targets
Personal Development Planning
Dealing with Deviations from Planned Targets
Establishing and Implementing Control Mechanisms and
Monitoring Achievement of Targets
Time and Task Management
Action Plans
An Action Plan may be prepared when a larger or longerterm project needs to be planned and outlined to the line
manager or to see at a glance how the project should be
approached. It shows
The tasks arranged in the order in which they should be done;
An estimate of the time that each part of the project will take to
complete;
Any notes to explain actions or changes in priorities.
A Priorities List is then prepared to break the task down into
smaller, achievable tasks.
Dealing with Changing Priorities
Plans may have to be amended due to
unforeseen circumstances
– A member of staff fails to turn up for work
– The computer network ‘crashes’
– A line manager suddenly changes the deadline for a
piece of work
Flexibility must be built in to your Priorities List
Tasks should not be left to the last minute
Priorities Lists
Tasks generally fall into one of 5 categories:
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Urgent – very high priority
Must be done –high priority
Should be done – medium priority
Could be done – low priority
Could be delegated – very low priority
Priorities Lists should have a mixture of high, medium
and low priority so that some tasks can be delayed if
necessary.
Priorities List or Action Plan
List all the tasks requiring to be done
Break each task down into a series of smaller tasks or
steps
Number the tasks in the order in which they should be
carried out
Estimate the time it will take to complete each task
Note any changes or problems
Tick each step once completed
Indicate jobs which require to be carried forward
Conclusion
Take time at the beginning and end of each day
to assess what tasks have been completed,
what tasks need to be carried forward and what
tasks are new
Note all tasks carried forward on your Priorities
List for the next working day
Conclusion continued
Stick to the Priorities list – unless an emergency arises;
Finish one task before moving on to the next;
Do not put off tasks that are uninteresting;
Above all, the Admin Assistant should remain calm and,
if necessary re-schedule work or call on others to help
complete the work.
Setting Targets
Targets can appear in many different documents eg
Action Plans, Priorities Lists, in diaries or on a Personal
Development Plan.
Whether targets are complex or simple, short-term or
long-term, for an individual or for the organisation
Targets
S
Specific – the Target is well defined and states exactly
what is required
M
Measurable – the Target can be measured
A
Agreed – the Target has been discussed and agreed
with your line-manager
R
Realistic – you have the necessary knowledge and
skills to complete the Target
Timed – a completion date for the Target has been set
T
Well defined targets will include some reference to quantity,
quality and time.
Personal Development Planning –
Individual Targets
This is a document which records
areas of strength and development
needs of each employee
Completed after discussion with linemanager
Often forms part of the Staff
Appraisal system
Personal Development Plan
Allows an employee to:
– Focus on specific aspects of his/her job
– Identify skills that the employee already has which
could be shared with other employees
– Identify his/her training needs
– Expand his/her job role within the organisation
Implementing Control Mechanisms
and Monitoring Achievement of Targets
Targets must be controlled and
monitored:
– They should be positive
– Designed to aid the employee in
achieving the Targets
– Employees should not feel that
they are being ‘spied’ upon
Monitoring and Controlling Targets
Methods include:
– Random or sample checks of work
– Double checks of completed tasks by superior
– Buddy systems where employee is teamed with a
more experienced colleague
– Mentoring system where employee can ask for help
or advice from a more experienced colleague
– Gantt charts showing at a glance whether the project
is on schedule
Dealing with Deviations from
Planned Targets
Deviations from Targets should be discussed and acted
upon:
– Were the Targets SMART and understood?
– Did any unforeseen circumstances arise?
– Did the actions of others hold up your work?
– Did you have the expertise to complete the task?
– Did your line-manager support you during the task?
The most important thing to remember is that as soon as it
becomes apparent that targets are not going to be met it is
vital to discuss this with your line manager ASAP!
Time Management
Good time management ensures that:
– The best use is made of the time available
– Time-wasting activities are reduced to a minimum
– More time is made available for important or urgent
jobs
Time Management
If time is not managed efficiently problems can
arise:
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Activity panic
Reaction not action
Work overload
Stress
Be proactive – that way you will remain in control,
thinking ahead all the time.
What causes poor time
management?
Time stealers or time wasters
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Lack of forward planning
The telephone
Unexpected visits from colleagues
Taking on too much work
Not assessing priorities correctly
Lack of self discipline or shuffling papers
Communication problems
Task Management
Organisational or Planning Aids can assist the
administrative assistant in managing tasks:
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Desk diaries
Electronic diaries
Reminder systems
Priorities Lists/Action Plans
Task Management continued
A orderly and neatly arranged workplace will assist the
administrative assistant in carrying out tasks;
Use trays to help organise tasks, IN, OUT; Pending and For Filing;
Label files clearly;
Tick off jobs on Priorities Lists/Action Plans as completed;
Replace papers in files and put away before leaving the
workstation if interrupted in middle of job;
Monitor progress carefully, keeping to target completion date.
Inform line manager immediately if problems arise:
Do not take shortcuts – this leads inevitably to work of a poorer
standard than expected or required.
Task Management continued
Effective task management involves a number of skills:
Organisation – planning, monitoring and achievement;
Prioritisation – what’s most important:
Delegation – can some tasks be completed by others;
Control – do not panic, work calmly and in priority order;
Assertiveness – Say “no” when necessary;
Negotiation – being able to negotiate deadlines and resources if
needed;
Resource Management – using time, staff and equipment
effectively;
Evaluation – seeking improvement and identifying the causes of any
problems.
Impact on Organisation and the
Individual
Benefits of effective time and task management:
Increased productivity;
Increased quality of work;
Good customer relations – achieved through meeting
deadlines/orders etc;
Increased competitiveness in the marketplace;
Lower stress levels amongst staff;
Good work relationships;
Job satisfaction.
Impact on Organisation and the
Individual continued
Consequences of poor task and time management:
Poor productivity;
Poor quality of work;
Increased costs;
Unmet deadlines;
Unhappy customers/suppliers;
Low level of competitiveness in marketplace;
Stress-related absence;
Poor work relationships;
Poor job satisfaction.
Team Working
A team can be defined as a group who have been specially
formed for a particular purpose – to achieve a particular
aim.
A team is characterised by 3 factors:
A shared purpose or goal;
A sense of belonging to a team (having an identity);
A dependence/reliance on each other.
Team Working continued
According to one management ‘guru’, Meredith Belbin, he
states a number of factors which have affected teams:
Team size – An effective team normally consists of around 4-6
team members. Too large a team may lead to sub-groups
emerging, too small a team may mean one person dominates the
group with too few ideas/skills being shared among the group;
Team roles – Those teams which work effectively have
members who adopt a number of roles. Belbin identified 9 of
these roles which the members of an effective team, no matter
its size, will clearly fulfil.
Team Working continued - Belbin’s
Team
Roles
An ideas person – someone who is creative and has vision;
A motivator – someone to get things moving;
An organiser to coordinate and pull things together;
An implementer – someone who can get tasks started;
A checker - someone who crosses the T’s and dots the I’s;
A finisher – someone who will make sure tasks get completed;
A go-getter – someone who will seek out resources, make
contacts etc.;
A team worker – someone who thinks about the people in the
group, the caring person;
A specialist who has vital specific knowledge and skills.
(Team Roles at Work, Meredith Belbin, 1993)
NB For effective team work there has to be a balance between
‘thinkers’ and ‘doers’
Team Working continued
Team development/cohesiveness: Teams develop through a
number of stages. Early on in the process shared sets of
standards and values are agreed and adopted by the group –
once this happens a team will work as a cohesive group and pull
together.
Nature of the task: Team effectiveness is often affected by the
task itself, ie how structured is the task, is it challenging and
whether the team believe in it or not. This is linked to the
resources the team is given to do the task (time, equipment,
budget etc) and whether the team have been involved in
agreeing these things. The more involved members feel, the
more effectively the team will work.
Team Working continued
Team maintenance/environment: A sense of belonging is
important. Virtual teams (members work remotely from one
another) need to be brought together every now and then to
maintain relationships and their feeling of identity. Opportunities
to participate in activities both inside and out of the workplace will
allow their relationship as a team to develop;
Leadership: A leader is someone who influences others towards
the achievement of goals. Leaders do not coerce followers to
achieve, a good leader will motivate people to willingly work
towards a goal. This is means:
Team Working - Leadership
Setting a clear vision or goals for the team
Meeting the needs of the team through information and
communication;
Meeting the needs of the individuals within the team
through support and training;
Meeting the needs of the task in hand through allocation
of resources, use of team skills;
Liaising between the team, management and other
work areas.
Team Working – Leadership
continued
Good leaders:
Deploy team skills effectively;
Ensure conflict is kept to a minimum;
Ensure communication is open and constructive;
Involve the team in decision-making;
Listen to ideas from members on the best way to
achieve the task;
Encourage team to take ownership, and show
commitment towards task;
Ensure the team achieve a sense of satisfaction in
doing the task.
Team Working - continued
In conclusion, effective teams:
Develop a relaxed atmosphere;
Allow relevant discussion with participation of all;
Demonstrate clear commitment to objectives;
Allow members to listen to one another;
Discuss conflicts openly and deal with criticism constructively;
Reach decisions by consensus;
Encourage a climate where ideas are freely expressed;
Allow leadership to be shared;
Promote a climate where members will evaluate themselves.
Team Working continued
Benefits to individuals and the organisation of effective
team working:
Risk-taking: Groups will take more risks than individuals working
alone, the advantage for the organisation being calculated risks
can pay off and give it the competitive edge. For the individual,
because the risk is shared it encourages them to try out ideas,
which they might not have done on a individual basis.
Pooled resources: “Two heads are better than one” meaning
that the combined skills, experience etc of the group should lead
to better problem-solving and decision taking. Benefit to
organisation is that this there is greater creativity, and to the
individual, the opportunity for learning and development.
Team Working continued
Morale and Motivation: Effective team work often brings a
greater sense of involvement, development and achievement. In
turn this can improve job satisfaction, morale and motivation.
Increased employee motivation in turn benefits the organisation
through improved efficiency and productivity;
Multi-skilling: Effective teams are multi-skilled and in the
absence of one member another will step in.
Responsibility: Effective teams are often self-directing and selfmonitoring, taking complete responsibility. Less supervision and
management is required which could mean a layer of
management is taken out, whilst team members benefit from
increased self-management and responsibility.